矩形大开孔圆柱壳轴压作用下的屈曲性能

利用数值方法研究了开有矩形大开孔的薄壁圆柱壳在轴压作用下的屈曲性能.首先通过特征值屈曲分析,得到开孔圆柱壳的一阶屈曲模态,并预测屈曲荷载的上限;其次,通过非线性分析,得到结构的荷载位移全过程响应;然后引入正交试验设计方法,分析了矩形开口的周向角度、高度和轴向位置等几何参数对结构稳定性的影响.分析表明,矩形开孔圆柱壳临界屈曲荷载的上限值远小于无开孔圆柱壳的下限值,影响矩形开孔圆柱壳轴压作用下稳定性的主要因素为壳体的径厚比,临界荷载值随径厚比的增大迅速下降.     

轴压下圆柱形薄壁构件的稳定性研究

本文分析了轴压下圆柱形薄壁构件的稳定性,并针对工程应用需要,综合数值模拟技术得到了不同模型的屈曲载荷值,分析出圆柱形薄壁构件的屈曲载荷随圆柱壳长度、截面半径及壳厚变化的特点,修正了原有理论公式。     

矩形薄壁钢管混凝土短柱轴心受压性能试验研究

以截面长宽比、混凝土强度、钢管壁厚为参数,对32个矩形薄壁钢管混凝土短柱进行了轴压试验研究,分析了其破坏过程、破坏形态、承载能力、变形性能,探讨了钢管与核心混凝土协同工作机理及其影响因素.试验研究表明:受力过程中,薄壁钢管长边首先发生屈曲,试件最终破坏形态及破坏承载力与钢管长边的屈曲有关;矩形截面与方形截面和圆形截面相比,长边更容易屈曲,钢管对核心混凝土的约束作用相对较小,壁厚及截面的长宽比对约束作用影响显著;矩形截面薄壁钢管混凝土受压短柱的承载能力与变形性能除与截面长宽比、钢管壁厚有关外,还与钢管与核心混凝土的抗压强度比有关.在试验研究的基础上,建立了核心混凝土的约束分区模型,推导出了矩形薄壁钢管混凝土轴压构件承载力计算公式.     

Timoshenko环梁加强圆柱壳的稳定性

研究了环肋的剪切效应对环肋圆柱壳总体稳定性的影响。引入描述环肋变形的四个广义位移及其对应的壳体变形的四个广义位移,采用Timoshenko环梁理论来分析环肋变形,应用Ritz法对环肋圆柱壳的总体稳定性进行了研究。给出的临界载荷数值结果与文献的实验值吻合较好。计算结果还表明对于外部均匀承压的环肋圆柱壳,环肋的面内剪切变形对较低环向屈曲波数下的总体失稳临界载荷影响是微小的,但对较高环向屈曲波数下失稳载荷的影响是明显的。     

薄壁矩形钢管混凝土受压柱临界宽厚比

对薄壁矩形钢管混凝土柱在轴压作用下的局部屈曲性能进行了研究。使用能量法分析了钢板的局部屈曲系数。假设钢管壁在非加载边受到弹性约束,在内侧受到混凝土的径向压力,通过计算弹性约束系数,得到了矩形钢管混凝土柱轴压下的临界宽厚比。从公式中得知径向力降低了钢管的屈曲应力。钢管屈曲系数随着约束系数的增大而增大,且与钢管截面高宽比和邻边厚度比有关。     

充满液体的薄壁圆柱壳在轴压作用下的弹塑性屈曲分析

对充满液体的薄壁圆柱壳经受轴向压缩时的屈曲载荷和屈曲模态进行了弹塑性屈曲分析。根据香利不卸载假定,推导了柱壳经受轴压和壳内液体的压力联合作用时弹塑性稳定方程,通过求解此方程得了充满液体的封闭圆壳发生轴对称屈曲时的临界载荷和屈曲波纹数。理论计算与实验结果具有较好的一致性。     

圆柱壳的屈曲荷载最大化设计

研究了弹性圆柱壳在任意轴对称边界条件下和受均布法向荷载作用下的稳定性优化设计问题，即极大化屈曲临界荷载。利用能量原理分析轴对称变厚度圆柱壳的分支点屈曲，将求解屈曲临界荷载变成求解广义特征值方程，使圆柱壳稳定性优化设计成为极大化最小特征值问题。算例表明了本方法的有效性。     

组合截面压杆的受力性能

研究组合截面短柱轴心受压的截面应力和紧箍力分布规律.通过理论计算模型推导了组合截面圆柱应力分布的解析解;建立了有限元数值分析模型,考虑材料泊松比、管壁壁厚等参数的变化,验证了圆形截面应力分布的解析结果,并得到了方形截面应力分布的规律和存在有效约束区的特点,为组合结构构件的受力性能分析提供理论依据.     

空间薄壁CFRP豆荚杆悬臂屈曲分析及试验

空间薄壁CFRP豆荚杆工作时处于悬臂状态,为掌握其悬臂受力性能,分别以截面2个对称轴为中性轴对豆荚杆悬臂梁进行末端加载试验,得到了屈曲荷载及屈曲特性.利用ABAQUS进行线性特征值屈曲分析,并引入特征值屈曲模态作为初始几何缺陷进行非线性屈曲模拟,得到豆荚杆悬臂梁屈曲临界载荷及非线性屈曲特性.与试验结果进行对比分析表明:初始几何缺陷对豆荚杆悬臂梁屈曲临界载荷影响显著,给理想豆荚杆植入适当的初始几何缺陷可有效模拟实际豆荚杆屈曲.基于试验和模拟分析,进一步对豆荚杆壁厚、铺层和杆件长细比进行参数分析,得到各参数对豆荚杆悬臂梁屈曲临界载荷的影响,对悬臂薄壁CFRP豆荚杆的设计和应用具有重要参考价值.     

基于离散加筋理论的纵环加筋圆柱壳轴压 后屈曲缩尺模型研究

针对新型干式煤气柜柜体（大型薄壁纵环离散加筋圆柱壳）轴压后屈曲的缩尺模 型设计和相似预报问题,基于离散加筋理论与结构体系的总能量推导出结构轴压后屈曲的广 义相似条件和缩尺原理公式 .对含不同初始缺陷类型和模型材料的纵环加筋圆柱壳,开展轴 压后屈曲不完全相似模拟研究. 研究表明：纵环加筋圆柱壳缩尺模型的轴压后屈曲特性,结合 结构轴压后屈曲不完全相似的相应缩尺原理公式,能较好地预测其原型结构轴压后屈曲的结 果. 当模型与原型的材料泊松比相同时,模型能准确预测其原型的轴压后屈曲特性. 随着模型 与原型的材料泊松比偏差增大,预测原型的后屈曲特性与其原型结果的偏差逐渐增大 . 提出 的缩尺模型设计方法和缩尺原理公式,适用于不同初始缺陷类型和模型材料的纵环加筋圆柱 壳轴压后屈曲相似预报,为实际工程中类似结构轴压后屈曲缩尺模型设计和试验提供参考.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.