羟基取代脂肪族一元酸的电子结构与化学反应性的讨论

为引导和构建结构决定性质教学,通过含羟基取代的直链型脂肪族羧酸化合物羟基代十一酸的空间构象和电子结构分析,获得α-羟基十一酸的α-C-COOH单键旋转能垒为9.0337 kcal/mol和α-C-OH键单键自由旋转能垒为28.1556 kcal/mol,表明α-C-OH键单键旋转受阻;羟基酸化合物的碳原子电荷受羟基氧原子和羧基影响,随链长度n取代羟基,α-C、β-C、γ-C、δ-C、ε-C、ζ-C等碳原子负电荷减少;羟基取代酸体系能E随n位羟基取代关系E=-614.651 0.059/n(2≤n≤11).     

p-级数的两个求和公式

借助函数fk（x）=π/2x^k（0≤x≤π）的余弦级数，给出了当p为偶数时p-级数∑∞n=1/n^p及∑∞n=（-1）^n-1/n^p的两个求和公式，从而解决了这一类p-级数的求和问题。     

在矩控制下 B-值随机Dirichlet级数的(P,q)(R)级和(P,q)(R)型

该文研究了在条件：0≤（d^2）（σ^2）n=d^2 E｜｜Zn｜｜^2≤E^2｜｜Zn｜｜〈＋∞下,在全平面上收敛的B-值随机Dirichlet级数的（p,g）（R）级和（p,q）（R）型,证明了B-值随机Dirichlet级数{^∞∑（n=0）}Zn（ω）（e^-λ）（n^s）a.s．与级数{^∞∑（n=0）}^～σn（e^-λ）（n^s）具有相同的（p,g）（R）级和（p,q）（R）型.     

BaSi2电子结构及光学性质的第一性原理计算

采用基于第一性原理的密度泛函理论（DFT）赝势平面波方法，对正交相BaSi2的电子结构、态密度和光学性质进行了理论计算，能带结构计算表明它是一种间接带隙半导体，禁带宽度为1．086eV；其价带主要是由Si的3s，3p及Ba的5d态电子构成，导带主要由Ba的6s，5d及Si的3p态电子构成；静态介电函数ε1（0）=11．17；折射率n0=3．35；吸收系数最大峰值为2．15×10^5cm^-1．     

1-甲基环丙烯同系物的密度泛函理论研究

采用B3LYP/6-311G(d)方法对1-MCP及其同系物(n=1~5)体系进行了研究.通过对体系能量的分析,确定得到的结构是体系的稳定构型;并分析了零点能(ZPE)、热容(C0p)和熵(S0)与取代基上的碳原子数n的关系,其关系分别为:ZPE=74.453n+145.37,C0p=20.292n+46.296和S0=31.506n+254.11.     

杨辉三角与素数的关系

设p为素数,s,t∈N,a=t∑i=0 aip^i,r=s∑i=0 rip^i,这里ai,ri∈N,0≤ai≤p-1,0≤i≤t,0≤ri≤p-1,0≤i≤s,证明了Ca^r=Ca0^r0…Cas^rs（mod p）和Ca＋r^r≡Ca0＋r0^r0 Ca1＋r1^r1…Cat＋rt^rt（mod p）两个同余式．据此导出了杨辉三角的第a行以及第0行至第a行的二项系数中,使Ca^r≡0（mod p）的个数和使Ca^r≡0（mod p）的个数,推出了斜列{Ca＋r^r：r=0,1,…}中使Ca＋r^r≠0（mod p）的个数和使Ca＋r^r≡0（mod p）的个数．     

有限超可群的一些充要条件I

主要证明了如下命题等价：（1）G是超可群解；（2）对G的任一极大子群M，G有正规子群K使|K：Mc|为素数；（3）对G的任一极大子群M，G有正规子群K使K／MG为非平凡的循环群；（4）G的每个极大子群M补于G的循环因子；（5）G有正规子群H使1＝H0＜H1＜…＜Hn=H为G的主列片段，其中G／GG（Hi 1/Hi）为幂指数整除pi-1的Abel群，pi∈π（Hi 1/Hi),1≤i≤n,且n-1∩i=0CG（Hi 1/Hi）≤H；（6）对G／Φ（G）的每个极小正规子群N／Φ（G）．G／CG（N／Φ（G））为幂指数整除p的Abel群，p∈π（N／Φ（G））。     

表方幂为连续的阶乘和

考虑方程a^m=n!＋（n＋1）!＋……＋（n＋k）!,其中a〉1,m〉1,n≥1．我们证明了当a≠0 mod 223092870时,方程所有的解是2^3=2!＋3!,3^2=1!＋2!＋3!,2^5=2!＋3!＋4!,12^2=4!＋5!;当a=0 mod 223092870时,令p是满足p=a的最小素数,如果方程有解,则m≤p．而且,我们猜想上述的四个解是方程仅有的解．     

甲（乙）基在甲（乙）苯亲电取代反应中的定位作用和定位能力讨论

在有机化学的亲电取代反应定位法则教学中,甲基代表烷基,作为芳烃亲电取代反应定位效应的典型例子,但甲基不同于乙基等烷基,具有不同的定位能力,烷基是如何影响芳环的结构从而影响取代基定位,教材和教学中描述较简单,不便于学生领会和比较。该文就此问题进行探讨,结果表明,烷基苯RAr（R—Me、Et）的R在空间的位置影响烷基苯的能量和原子电荷密度,从而影响烷苯的亲电取代反应。（1）烷苯的R—Ar键旋转形成不同构象,其中的最大与最小体系能量值之差△E,△E（Me）〈△E（Et）,{△E（Me）=0．0000084a．u,△E（Et）=0．0068029a．u},甲苯比乙苯的R—Ar单键更容易自由旋转。在EtAr,C8-C7-C1平面与苯环垂直时,体系能量[E（90）=-308．661166a．u．]最低,为较稳定的优势构象。（2）甲基和乙基均向苯环供电子,虽甲（乙）苯环的碳原子所带电荷之和都不及苯,但甲苯比乙苯的环碳上电子密度大,∑Q（Me,30）=-1．02794〈∑Q（Et,90）=-1．010487。（3）甲（乙）苯化合物中,均为邻、对位碳原子电子密度大于苯环碳{甲基：邻位qc2（30）=qc6（30）=-0．212118,对位-0．20724～-0．20728;乙基：邻位qc2（90）=qc6（90）=-0．209509,对位q（90）（-0．20695）},间位碳原子的电子密度小于苯环碳[甲基间位-0．19153～-0．19228;乙基间位q（90）=-0．192171],甲、乙苯的邻、对位有利于亲电取代反应,且甲基大于乙基的定位能力。（4）亲电试剂Me^＋与苯环反应形成邻、对位的碳正离子中间体比闯位碳正离子中间体稳定,有利于生成邻、对位取代产物,因此,甲、乙基均为邻、对位定位基。     

水合锌（Ⅱ）离子团簇的量子化学研究

应用高水平的量子化学方法MP2/6-311＋＋G（2d,2p）//B3LYP/6-31＋＋G（d,p）,对气相中的[Zn（H2O）n]2＋（n=1-9）团簇进行研究,优化几何构型,计算了其最稳定构象的结合能及振动频率.结果表明,当n=1-6时,离子与第一水合层中氧原子的平均距离RZn-O逐渐变长;而当n=6-9时,RZn-O却逐渐变小.同时,随着配位水分子数的增加,连续结合能逐渐减小,Zn2＋及第一水合层中氢原子上的正电荷逐渐减小,而第一水合层氧原子上的负电荷变化不大,表明水合分子的电荷极化主要表现为从Zn2＋到H原子的电荷转移.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Jane Eyre——A Feminist In The 19th Century

In the 19th century the society was controlled by men, and women were just appendants of them, they had not any rights and freedom. But Jane was an exception, she showed some characteristics of early feminist. Jane showed her characteristics of feminism in three aspects: rebellion, equality, and independence. These characteristics were helpful to her success, and feminism is the only way out for women of that time.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-