烧结铁矿中FeO含量对其在富氢高炉中还原行为的影响

Japan started the national project “COURSE 50” for CO₂ reduction in the 2000s. This project aimed to establish novel technologies to reduce CO₂ emissions with partially utilization of hydrogen in blast furnace-based ironmaking by 30% by around 2030 and use it for practical applications by 2050. The idea is that instead of coke, hydrogen is used as the reducing agent, leading to lower fossil fuel consumption in the process. It has been reported that the reduction behavior of hematite, magnetite, calcium ferrite, and slag in the sinter is different, and it is also considerably influenced by the sinter morphology. This study aimed to investigate the reduction behavior of sinters in hydrogen enriched blast furnace with different mineral morphologies in CO–CO₂–H₂ mixed gas. As an experimental sample, two sinter samples with significantly different hematite and magnetite ratios were prepared to compare their reduction behaviors. The reduction of wustite to iron was carried out at 1000, 900, and 800°C in a CO–CO₂–H₂ atmosphere for the mineral morphology-controlled sinter, and the following findings were obtained. The reduction rate of smaller amount of FeO led to faster increase of the reduction rate curve at the initial stage of reduction. Macro-observations of reduced samples showed that the reaction proceeded from the outer periphery of the sample toward the inside, and a reaction interface was observed where reduced iron and wustite coexisted. Micro-observations revealed three layers, namely, wustite single phase in the center zone of the sample, iron single phase in the outer periphery zone of the sample, and iron oxide-derived wustite FeO and iron, or calcium ferrite-derived wustite 'FeO' and iron in the reaction interface zone. A two-interface unreacted core model was successfully applied for the kinetic analysis of the reduction reaction, and obtained temperature dependent expressions of the chemical reaction coefficients from each mineral phases.     

Mg和La对Ca–Ti 处理钢中夹杂物演变和组织的影响

The evolution of inclusions and the formation of acicular ferrite (AF) in Ca–Ti treated steel was systematically investigated after Mg and La addition. The inclusions in the molten steel were Ca–Al–O, Ca–Al–Mg–O, and La–Mg–Ca–Al–O after Ca, Mg, and La addition, respectively. The type of oxide inclusion in the final quenched samples was the same as that in the molten steel. However, unlike those in molten steel, the inclusions were Ca–Al–Ti–O + MnS, Ca–Mg–Al–Ti–O + MnS, and La–Ca–Mg–Al–Ti–O + MnS in Mg-free, Mg-containing, and La-containing samples, respectively. The inclusions distributed dispersedly in the La-containing sample. In addition, the average size of the inclusions in the La-containing sample was the smallest, while the number density of inclusions was the highest. The size of effective inclusions (nucleus of AF formation) was mainly in the range of 1–3 μm. In addition, the content of ferrite side plates (FSP) decreased, while the percentage of AF increased by 16.2% due to the increase in the number of effective inclusions in the La-containing sample in this study.     

摩擦焊接碳钢（EN24）和镍基高温合金（IN718）的显微组织和力学性能

Continuous-drive rotary friction welding was performed to join cylindrical specimens of carbon steel (EN24) and nickel-based superalloy (IN718), and the microstructures of three distinct weld zones—the weld interface (WI)/thermo-mechanically affected zone (TMAZ), the heat-affected zone (HAZ), and the base metal—were examined. The joint was observed to be free of defects but featured uneven flash formation. Electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) analysis showed substantial changes in high-angle grain boundaries, low-angle grain boundaries, and twin boundaries in the TMAZ and HAZ. Moreover, significant refinement in grain size (2–5 μm) was observed at the WI/TMAZ with reference to the base metal. The possible causes of these are discussed. The microhardness profile across the welded joint shows variation in hardness. The changes in hardness are ascribed to grain refinement, phase transformation, and the dissolution of strengthening precipitates. The tensile test results reveal that a joint efficiency of 100% can be achieved using this method.     

汽车暴露面板带有表面条状缺陷的夹杂物分布特征分析:一种定量电解方法

The specific distribution characteristics of inclusions along with the sliver defect were analyzed in detail to explain the formation mechanism of the sliver defect on the automobile exposed panel surface. A quantitative electrolysis method was used to compare and evaluate the three-dimensional morphology, size, composition, quantity, and distribution of inclusions in the defect and non-defect zone of automobile exposed panel. The Al₂O₃ inclusions were observed to be aggregated or chain-like shape along with the sliver defect of about 3–10 μm. The aggregation sections of the Al₂O₃ inclusions are distributed discretely along the rolling direction, with a spacing of 3–7 mm, a length of 6–7 mm, and a width of about 3 mm. The inclusion area part is 0.04%–0.16% with an average value of 0.08%, the inclusion number density is 40 mm?2 and the inclusion average spacing is 25.13 μm. The inclusion spacing is approximately 40–160 μm, with an average value of 68.76 μm in chain-like inclusion parts. The average area fraction and number density of inclusions in the non-defect region were reduced to about 0.002% and 1–2 mm?2, respectively, with the inclusion spacing of 400 μm and the size of Al₂O₃ being 1–3 μm.     

在酸性溶液中加压氧化三价砷离子和二价铁离子

The co-oxidation of As(III) and Fe(II) in acidic solutions by pressured oxygen was studied under an oxygen pressure between 0.5 and 2.0 MPa at a temperature of 150°C. It was confirmed that without Fe(II) ions, As(III) ions in the solutions are virtually non-oxidizable by pressured oxygen even at a temperature as high as 200°C and an oxygen pressure up to 2.0 MPa. Fe(II) ions in the solutions did have a catalysis effect on the oxidation of As(III), possibly attributable to the production of such strong oxidants as hydroxyl free radicals (OH·) and Fe(IV) in the oxidation process of Fe(II). The effects of such factors as the initial molar ratio of Fe(II)/As(III), initial pH value of the solution, oxygen pressure, and the addition of radical scavengers on the oxidation efficiencies of As(III) and Fe(II) were studied. It was found that the oxidation of As(III) was limited in the co-oxidation process due to the accumulation of the As(III) oxidation product, As(V), in the solutions.     

活化天然矿石选择性还原二氧化碳为无定形碳

Natural magnetite formed by the isomorphism substitutions of transition metals, including Fe, Ti, Co, etc., was activated by mechanical grinding followed by H₂ reduction. The temperature-programmed reduction of hydrogen (H₂-TPR) and temperature-programmed surface reaction of carbon dioxide (CO₂-TPSR) were carried out to investigate the processes of oxygen loss and CO₂ reduction. The samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS). The results showed that the stability of spinel phases and oxygen-deficient degree significantly increased after natural magnetite was mechanically milled and reduced in H₂ atmosphere. Meanwhile, the activity and selectivity of CO₂ reduction into carbon were enhanced. The deposited carbon on the activated natural magnetite was confirmed as amorphous. The amount of carbon after CO₂ reduction at 300°C for 90 min over the activated natural magnetite was 2.87wt% higher than that over the natural magnetite.     

含钛高炉炉渣微波合成碳化钛及其介电性能测定

The preparation of functional material titanium carbide by the carbothermal reduction of Ti-bearing blast furnace slag with microwave heating is an effective method for valuable metals recovery; it can alleviate the environmental pressure caused by slag stocking. The dynamic dielectric parameters of Ti-bearing blast furnace slag/pulverized coal mixture under high-temperature heating are measured by the cylindrical resonant cavity perturbation method. Combining the transient dipole and large π bond delocalization polarization phenomena, the interaction mechanism of the microwave macroscopic non-thermal effect on the titanium carbide synthesis reaction was revealed. The material thickness range during microwave heating was optimized by the joint analysis of penetration depth and reflection loss, which is of great significance to the design of the microwave reactor for the carbothermal reduction of Ti-bearing blast furnace slag.     

采用超声组装与滚压工艺制备铝–碳纳米管复合材料

This study introduced a novel fabrication of aluminum–carbon nanotube (CNT) composites by employing bulk acoustic waves and accumulative roll bonding (ARB). In this method, CNT particles were aligned using ultrasonic standing wave in an aqueous media, and the arrayed particles were precipitated on the aluminum plate substrate. Then, the plates rolled on each other through the ARB process with four passes. Optical and scanning electron micrographs demonstrated the effective aligning of CNTs on the aluminum substrate with a negligible deviation of arrayed CNTs through the ARB process. The X-ray diffraction pattern of the developed composites showed no peaks for carbon and aluminum carbide. In addition, tensile tests showed that the longitudinal strength of the specimens processed with aligned CNTs was significantly greater than that of the specimens with common randomly dispersed particles. The proposed technique is beneficial for the fabrication of Al–CNT composites with directional mechanical strength.     

构建简易经济实用的编辑部局域网

针对目前国内编辑部现状 ,构建了一种基于 Window95/98的简易、实用的编辑部局域对等式( Peer to Peer)网络 .论述了这种网络简单、经济、实用的设计思想 ,对编辑部、办公室人员如何建网作了较为全面的说明 ,整个方案和过程具有实用性和可操作性 .在编辑部内建立局域网 ,可实现在计算机网络环境下展开编辑部的管理工作 ,为推动期刊上网 ,进一步实行科技期刊现代化打下良好的基础     

网络安全技术在局域网中的应用研究

在实现局域网与Internet在沟通过程中，减少网络拥塞，防止非法入侵，提高网络的安全性是网络技术发展的重要内容，文章通过对网络安全和防火墙技术的分析，重点介绍了复合式防火墙的策略和实现方法。     

局域网中Internet拨号连接共享的实现

就windows98SE提供的Internet连接共享功能,在只有一台微机连接到Internet的局域网中,为其它微机与Internet拨号连接共事的实现,提供了具体的软、硬件实示操作.     

局域网常见断网故障及排除方法

通过上网现象,从软硬件方面入手,针对几种常见的断网故障进行了分析,介绍了ARP欺骗的现象和解决途径以及ping 命令的使用,并给出了排除故障的方法.     

企业局域网机密信息传输系统设计

为防止信息被非法入侵者窃取或更改,实现网络整体监控与信息加密相结合双重安全保障,应用访问控制策略和信息加密技术设计一种机密信息传递系统。该系统硬件采用防火墙的IP（Internet Protocol）地址与MAC（Media Access Control）地址绑定和基于交换机的MAC地址与端口绑定的二级管理方法建立网络监控系统;文件加／解密(软件)系统采用对称性的DES(Data Encryption Standard)算法设计机密信息传输软件,并给出几种硬件实施方式、DES加／解密算法原理和运行程序,为企业系统实施提供了方便,减少了开发周期。DES加／解密过程操作简单,从而提高了机密信息在系统中加／解密速度和系统的性价比。该系统已在多个企业局域网中得到应用,且运行效果良好,在信息传递安全性方面满足用户要求。     

本地网网络管理决策支持系统初步研究

充分挖掘网管数据蕴含的丰富信息 ,对于提升电信企业的管理水平 ,最大限度地发挥投资效益具有重大的意义 ,因而在分析了本地网网管系统现状的基础上提出了采用数据仓库技术 ,建立本地网网络管理决策支持系统 ,并采用 Web、PU SH等 Internet信息发布技术 ,使决策信息能够方便、快捷地传送到管理决策者手中     

利用VPN技术实现局域网互联

介绍了虚拟专用网络VPN(Virtual Private Network)的实现方法,并通过实际案例说明利用VPN实现同系统领域内异地局域网(该类局域网多采用ADSL连入Internet)互联,以达到数据共享、异地办公等多种网络应用的简易方法.     

基于Multi-agent的P2P流媒体技术的研究

基于P2P的流媒体技术很好的解决了传统流媒体带宽不足的问题,从而得到广泛研究;但是由于流媒体严格的时序性要求,使得P2P流媒体技术的使用存在瓶颈.本文提出一种基于Multi-Agent的P2P流媒体技术应用模型,利用多Agent的移动性和协作性,在各个节点构建状态信息树,通过对节点状态信息树的更新和维护,可以有效的解决Peer服务节点的搜索定位以及Peer节点离开或失效处理等问题.文章首先对目前各种流媒体技术的研究现状进行阐述;接着提出基于Multi-Agent的P2P流媒体技术的应用模型,着重介绍节点状态信息树的构建过程和更新过程;最后指出其发展前景和面临的挑战.     

基于物联网技术的工作局域网系统开发研究

在概述OA发展现状的基础上,介绍了基于物联网技术的工作局域网系统开发研究中的关键技术,探讨了研究方案及工艺路线。     

光因特网体系结构技术研究

随着Internet的迅速普及,以IP为主的业务在飞速增长,未来的网络将要应付这种不断增长的IP业务,光因特网是未来Internet的发展方向.讨论了光因特网的体系结构,分析了组网方式,深入探讨了OSPF路由协议和对等模型路由机制,对光因特网建设具有指导意义.