轮胎侧向力神经网络模型

轮胎侧向力特性的数学模型是车辆操纵稳定性计算的基础,精确描述其特性,是车辆性能研究急需解决的问题之一。本文应用人工神经网络方法建立了轮胎侧向力神经网络模型,与实验结果对比表明,该模型的精度能满足工程要求。     

基于K均值小波神经网络的二阶段空调负荷预测

结合聚类分析和小波神经网络模型,提出一种二阶段空调负荷建模方法,以提高空调负荷预测精度.首先利用K均值聚类算法将原始负荷样本数据依据其统计分布特性划分为若干簇类,以降低数据相关性对建模精度的影响;然后基于对每个划分簇类所属的样本数据建立相应小波神经网络空调负荷预测模型.最后基于De ST平台模拟数据,将构造的小波神经网络预测模型运用于福建某办公大楼的逐时空调负荷预测.通过对比均方根误差(RMSE)和平均绝对误差(MAPE),结果表明该模型的预测精度明显优于传统单一的小波神经网络和BP神经网络模型.     

一种新的纯工况轮胎操稳模型

为使用较少的参数就可精确地表达具有强非线性的轮胎力学特性,通过对纯侧偏及纵滑轮胎力学特性试验数据的观察,引申出轮胎滑移刚度衰减曲线概念,进而提出了一种新的轮胎操稳特性表达方法,给出了纯工况时侧向力、纵向力及回正力矩的基本公式,并进行了建模结果与试验数据的对比.所提出的模型具有物理意义明确,参数少,精度高的特点.     

灰色神经网络模型在高校招生预测中的应用研究

灰色神经网络就是将灰色系统方法与神经网络方法有机地结合起来,对复杂不确定性问题进行求解所建立的模型.结合灰色预测方法与神经网络预测方法,对四川省普通高等学校每年所招收新生人数进行预测.结果表明此种组合模型的精度较高,且具有灰色系统的少数据建模优点及神经网络的精度可控特性.     

轮胎动力学模型的建立与仿真分析

分析了各种常用轮胎模型的特点与应用范围,根据汽车操纵动力学研究的需要,在Matlab／Simulink中运用“魔术公式”建立了轮胎动力学模型,并对汽车轮胎力与纵向滑移率,纵向力、侧向力及回正力矩与纵向滑移率、侧偏角、垂直载荷的关系等轮胎特性进行了仿真分析,结果表明,“魔术公式”轮胎动力学模型可以较好地模拟轮胎的动力学特性,满足整车动力学研究的需要．     

子午线轮胎的动态特性仿真分析与评价

鉴于有限元分析方法具有仿真精度高、可以获得滚动过程中接触应力变化和内部应力变化的优点,文中采用有限元隐式分析和显式分析相结合的方法来研究轮胎的动态特性。以215/60R16型号子午线轮胎为研究对象,建立了三维轮胎的有限元仿真模型,在转鼓试验机上进行冲击速度和冲击角度分别为10 km/h和90°、60 km/h和45°的两组凸块冲击试验,获得轮轴中心垂向力、纵向力和侧向力响应。结果表明,仿真结果与试验结果吻合良好,验证了利用有限元分析方法预测轮胎动态特性的有效性。     

基于ELM神经网络的采煤机截割载荷软测量建模方法

采煤机是煤矿综采工作面的关键设备,由于煤层结构复杂,导致截割载荷复杂多变,并且截割载荷难以直接测量。因此,针对采煤机截割载荷难以直接检测难题,研究了采煤机交流异步电机的机械特性,提出了基于软测量建模技术的截割载荷预测方法。首先,通过分析采煤机交流异步电机的机械特性,得出截割载荷与截割电机的转速、电流符合非线性关系,运用软测量建模方法可以预测截割载荷。然后,以截割电机的转速和电流作为输入变量,运用ELM神经网络的软测量建模方法建立采煤机截割载荷软测量模型。最后,运用ELM,BP,RBF3种神经网络软测量建模方法对采煤机电机载荷进行预测,以均方误差和相关系数作为预测评价指标,结果表明:ELM神经网络软测量建模方法在预测精度和预测速度方面都优于BP神经网络和RBF神经网络软测量建模方法。运用ELM神经网络软测量建模方法能够准确、快速预测采煤机截割载荷,为采煤机恒功率截割和牵引智能调速提供了理论基础。     

风电功率波动特性研究

采用概率分布拟合和基于遗传算法的BP神经网络的预测建模对风电功率波动特性进行定量分析。首先,针对风电功率实测数据建立了概率分布拟合模型并分析了拟合结果;其次,建立了基于不同时间间隔历史实测数据的BP神经网络预测模型,数据检验表明该模型对于峰值有很理想的预测精度且整体精度较高。     

基于灰色RBF-NN的陀螺随机漂移误差建模

针对测量中存在的陀螺随机漂移误差,提出了一种基于灰色RBF神经网络的预测建模方法.首先采用时间序列的饱和嵌入维数确定RBF神经网络模型输入层的节点数;其次采用灰色聚类法对输入样本进行分类,以确定RBF神经网络模型隐含层的初始节点数;最后采用灰色关联分析法对RBF神经网络的冗余隐含层节点实施删除,以得到满足精度要求的最小结构的RBF神经网络模型.将其应用到某型挠性陀螺随机漂移误差的预测建模中,可得预测模型的精度为90.33%,实验结果表明了该模型的有效性.     

基于灰色神经网络的凸肚体腹围尺寸预测

为克服线性回归方法对人体尺寸预测缺少精度的缺陷,将灰色神经网络模型引入人体测量中.对36个测试样本进行灰色建模,并利用人工神经网络修正模型残差,以提高腹围尺寸的预测精度.为了验证模型的可靠性,用同一样本建立回归模型,并以7个测试样本检验两种模型的预测效果.结果显示,灰色神经网络模型的预测精度更高,能有效地简化量体工作,为实现特体服装定制化生产奠定基础.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Jane Eyre——A Feminist In The 19th Century

In the 19th century the society was controlled by men, and women were just appendants of them, they had not any rights and freedom. But Jane was an exception, she showed some characteristics of early feminist. Jane showed her characteristics of feminism in three aspects: rebellion, equality, and independence. These characteristics were helpful to her success, and feminism is the only way out for women of that time.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-