基于过程神经网络和量子遗传算法的油藏采收率参量逆向求解

对于多输入多输出系统,针对如何根据系统模型和期望输出反求系统输入的问题,提出了一种基于过程神经网络和量子遗传算法相结合的方法,并给出了具体的实现方法.首先根据实际系统的领域知识和学习样本集,建立满足系统实际输入输出映射关系的正向过程神经网络;然后按照系统在过程区间的某一期望输出,用过程神经网络的输出误差构造适应度函数,用量子遗传算法逆向确定系统的过程输入信号,使该输入信号满足已建立的正向过程映射关系,从而完成系统的逆向过程控制.油藏采收率参量的逆向求解结果证明了该方法的有效性.     

用模拟退火神经网络技术进行波阻抗反演

利用基于模拟退火算法的神经网络技术进行测井约束的波阻抗反演，可根据数据本身之间的内在联系建立一个自适应非线性认知系统，只要在输入端输入特征数据，便能在输出端得到期望输出值，而不必关心系统本身的内部机理。在反演前，从测井资料中整理出地层波阻抗参数，用神经网络建立起波震波特征和地层波阻抗参数的映射关系，然后再利用这种映射关系进行外推，得到其它地震道所对应的波阻抗参数。在训练过程中，引入了模拟退火算法，     

用模拟退火神经网络技术进行波阻抗反演

利用基于模拟退火算法的神经网络技术进行测井约束的波阻抗反演，可根据数据本身之间的内在联系建立一个自适应非线性认知系统，只要在输入端输入特征数据，便能在输出端得到期望输出值，而不必关心系统本身的内部机理。在反演前，从测井资料中整理出地层波阻抗参数，用神经网络建立起地震波特征和地层波阻抗参数的映射关系，然后再利用这种映射关系进行外推，得到其它地震道所对应的波阻抗参数。在训练过程中，引入了模拟退火算法，使网络能有效地避开局部极小，这样可以提高收敛速度和拟合精度。     

地下峒室岩爆预报的自适应模式识别方法

应用神经网络系统理论，提出了地下峒室爆预报的新方法－自适应模式识别方法。该方法结合专家系统的经验，从积累的工程实例中抽取岩爆模式特征，建立输入模式输出模式对，采用自学习的方法建立从输入模式到输出模式的非线性映射，并进行推广，由网络推理出待识别岩石岩爆发生的可能性和烈度，实际应用表明，本文的方法科学，可靠。     

基于量子算法的MIMO-OFDM信号检测研究

信号的最优检测在常规条件下是-NP难解问题,针对RBF(径向基函数)神经网络算法易陷入局部极值和简单遗传算法收敛速度慢的问题,文中提出了新型的量子智能算法,并应用于MIMO-OFDM系统信号检测中:算法将遗传算法与神经网络相结合,用遗传算法优化神经网络初始值,在遗传算法优化神经网络时采用量子计算操作.由于QGA(量子遗...     

基于RBF神经网络的自回归系统辨识模型

根据神经网络能以任意精度逼近任意非线性连续函数的特点,通过径向基函数神经网络构建非线性动态系统的辨识模型。针对该模型输入值超出径向基函数的映射区域时将导致系统辨识输出值为零的现象,提出了一种基于改进径向基函数结构的自回归系统辨识的方法,有效地消除了零现象。这使得自适应辨识模型在较大的输入向量下能够逼近实际系统的输出,从而提高了系统辨识的鲁棒性。该方法的可行性得到了仿真验证。     

生物发酵过程的温度控制模型研究

针对生物发酵过程中温度控制难以建模的问题,基于非线性自回归滑动平均(NARMA)模型,设计了神经网络自回归滑动平均(NN-NARMA)模型.利用径向基神经网络逼近NARMA模型中的映射关系,对神经网络的输出进行了二阶低通滤波,用变异率可调节的遗传算法优化了NARMA模型中的延时参数以及神经网络的输出滤波参数.应用该方法建立了生物发酵过程的温度控制模型,该模型在上温、中温和下温的误差相对于Elman神经网络模型分别减少了38 9%、13 5%和61 3%.该方法具有一定的可操作性,能够较好地解决生物发酵过程中的温度控制建模问题.     

基于GA-BP神经网络的深海集矿机避障系统

结合深海集矿机的实际作业环境,建立集矿机的实时避障神经网络模型。该模型采用多传感器融合技术,将声纳传感器采集到的环境信息进行处理后作为BP神经网络的输入;设定车体的注视向量、转向角和速度为网络输出;根据集矿机实际行进情况,并综合人的行走经验,设置能够实现实时避障的网络导师训练信号。引入遗传算法对已建立BP避障模型进行改进,以克服局部极小值问题。仿真研究表明:遗传算法优化后的BP神经网络,能够有效训练达到预期目标,并能在很大程度上克服BP网络的局部极小值问题。在Matlab中给出障碍物环境中的避障仿真结果,表明此方法的可行性。     

立体视觉神经网络定位方法

为了解决计算机视觉中摄摄像机标定存在的若干问题，根据立体视觉原理，提出了基于神经网络的测避方法，利用神经网络建立空间点世界坐标与图像坐标非线性映射关系，使系统不经过复杂的摄摄像机内外参数标定，就能将二维像坐标（输入）与三维物坐标（输出）一一对应起来，并与传统的定位方法进行了比较．实验表明，该方法有效可行，简化了视觉系统的标定和定位计算，较之传统方法更具科学性，在定位精度上达到了良好效果。     

结构可靠性分析的一种新方法

根据多层神经网络映射存在定理,提出了一种结构可靠性分析的新方法,该方法是利用二孤岛遗传算法优化来拟合结构系统极限状态函数的神经网络,进而针对该神经网络求解结构系统可靠性指标,避开了极为复杂的求解真实极限状态函数的过程,通过不同类型的数值实验,证明建立了神经网络可以很好的拟合真实极限状态函数,求解可靠性指标。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to