Mossbauer spectra and magnetic properties of amorphous (Fe_(1-x)Co_x)_(77.5)Nd_4B_(18.5) alloys

本文研究了非晶合金(Fe_(1-x)Co_x)_(77.5)Nd_4B_(18.5)(0≤X≤1.O)的~57Fe穆斯堡尔谱和磁的特性.假设Co原子磁矩保持1.21μB,则Fe原子磁矩随着含量X的增加而增加.Fe磁矩的增加与Fe的平均超精细场的增加是一致的.当Co含量在x=0.7时居里温度达最大值,在室温下,晶体化的FeCoNdB合金在Co含量较小时有高的矫顽场和能积.     

Y_2Fe_(17)C_X合金的结构和磁性研究

本文用X射线衍射和磁测量及~(57)Fe穆斯堡尔谱研究了Y_2Fe_(17)C_x合金的晶体结构和磁性。碳原子在Y_2Fe_(17)C_x合金中占据六方结构的6h晶位或菱形结构的9e晶位;C原子的加入使得Y_2Fe_(17)C_x合金的居里温度和饱和磁化强度都有较为明显的变化,特别是近邻于C原子的Fe原子外层电子结构受到较大的影响。     

对硼铸铁中硼碳化物相结构的看法

通过x光能谱分析、x光衍射,作者认为硼碳化物相中含有Fe,C,B,Mn元素。凝固时介稳定转变较迟的硼碳化物中,其相结构由Fe_(23)(C,B)_6和Fe_3(C,B)组成;介稳定转变较早的硼碳化物中,其相结构由Fe_3(C,B)组成。此外并根据分析指出提高硼铸铁耐磨性的方向。     

铁碳钼合金中温转变后期组织的电镜分析

本文提出了Fe-C-Mo合金在其Bs点(海湾温度)附近长期等温转变的后期所形成的组织的电镜分析。确定了后期粒状组织是由渗碳体型(Fe,Mo)_3C碳化物与铁素体组成。间接给出了对中温转变有重要作用的Mo元素在合金Bs点以下远程扩散的证据。     

Tb_(0．3)Dy_(0．7)(Fe_(0．9)T_(0．1))_(1．95)合金的结构磁性能、磁致伸缩和自旋重取向温度研究

本文系统研究了室温下Tb_(0.3)Dy_(0.7)(Fe_(0.9)T_(0.1))_(1.95)(T=Mn,Fe,Co,B,Al,Ga)合金中ⅢA族金属和过渡金属T替代Fe对晶体结构、磁性能、磁致伸缩和自旋重取向温度的影响。结果发现,不同金属T替代Fe,Tb_(0.3)Dy_(0.7)(Fe_(0.9)T_(0.1))_(1.95)合金具有相同的MgCu_2型立方Laves相结构。除Co之外,其它金属替代均使合金的点阵常数有不同程度的增大,而Curie温度有所降低。T替代Fe使合金的比饱和磁化强度增大。ⅢA族金属B,Al,Ga替代使磁致伸缩λ_s下降幅度较大,而且Al,Ga替代使磁致伸缩容易饱和,表明Al,Ga替代可降低合金的磁晶各向异性,而过渡金属Mn,Co替代Fe使合金磁致伸缩λ_1下降幅度较小,不同替代金属元素,对内禀磁致伸缩λ_(111)有不同的影响。同时还发现,替代使合金的自旋重取向温度略有下降。     

非晶态Fe-(Co,Cr)-Zr系列合金的磁体积效应

测量了非晶态Fe_(90-x)Co_xZr_(10)和Fe_(90-y)Cr_yZr_(10)合金的热膨胀曲线和磁性,给出了自发体积磁致伸缩ω_s 和平均原子磁矩μ与有效电子数n_(eff)的关系。实验结果表明,ω_s 的峰值位置与μ开始急剧下降的位置(n_(eff)≈8.1～8.2)相对应,从而在非晶态金属-金属型因瓦合金中证实了因瓦效应与铁磁性的不稳定有关。     

非晶态Fe-(Co,Cr)-Zr系列合金的磁体积效应

测量了非晶态Fe_(90-x)Co_xZr_(10)和Fe_(90-y)Cr_yZr_(10)合金的热膨胀曲线和磁性,给出了自发体积磁致伸缩ω_s和平均原子磁矩μ与有效电子数n_(eff)的关系,实验结果表明,ω_s的峰值位置与μ开始急剧下降的位置(n_(eff)≈8.1～8.2)相对应,从而在非晶态金属——金属型团瓦合金中证实了因瓦效应与铁磁性的不稳定有关。     

Heusler合金Fe_2VAl的晶体结构与热电性能研究

采用真空电弧熔炼和放电等离子烧结技术制备了Full-Heusler合金Fe_2VAl,利用XRD、XPS对合金的物相结构与成分进行表征,在300～800K温度区间内测试了合金的Seebeck系数、电阻率、热导率等热电参数,并将实验结果与基于L2_1有序结构Fe_2VAl合金的模拟计算值进行了比较。结果表明,实验所制的合金样品中Fe、Al、V原子比接近于2∶1∶1,基本满足Fe_2VAl合金的成分配比;结合XRD衍射谱及10K下合金的饱和磁矩可知,所制合金样品中除了完全有序的L2_1结构相外,还存在部分的B2相。另一方面,基于热电性能测试结果可知,所制Fe_2VAl合金表现出典型的n型半导体特性,其Seebeck系数和电阻率随着温度的升高而降低,这与利用VASP和BoltzTraP软件包结合计算得到的L2_1结构Fe_2VAl合金的热电参数随温度(300～800K)的变化趋势相符合;合金的热导率随着温度的升高呈先降低后升高的趋势,在500K附近具有极小值,而无量纲参数热电优值ZT在500K附近达到最大值,约为0.052。     

Fe_4N电子结构及其磁性

铁粉在高温氮化氛围下能够形成强磁性铁氮化合物Fe_4N,为了研究其材料中不同占位Fe的磁性差异,文中运用基于密度泛函理论下的第一性原理平面波赝势方法,通过实验上测量出的空间结构群、晶格常数和原子坐标来建立Fe_4N晶体结构,然后进行几何优化。由最稳定的几何构型,计算出了电子结构和磁性的大小。结果表明:N、顶角Fe(Ⅰ)和面心Fe(Ⅱ)的磁矩大小分别为0. 06,2. 94和2. 32μB.根据Mulliken电荷分布情况,详细分析了各位置原子特别是Fe的磁矩来源情况。可以看出,面心处的Fe(Ⅱ)磁矩大小明显要弱于顶角处Fe(Ⅰ),这个数据与实验和其他人的计算结果都符合得很好,证明本计算结果是有效的。通过分析各原子的自旋劈裂态密度图,发现Fe(Ⅰ)和Fe(Ⅱ)都出现了不同程度的自旋劈裂,在费米能级附近,Fe(Ⅰ)劈裂更明显,这很好地解释了顶角Fe(Ⅰ)有较大磁矩。由于中心N和面心Fe(Ⅱ)之间存在着比较强的共价作用,远大于N和顶角Fe(Ⅰ)之间的相互作用力,从而导致不同位置Fe的磁性强弱不同。     

Ga原子对Fe-Ga合金原子磁矩的影响

研究了Fe-Ga合金中Ga原子对合金的平均原子磁矩的影响.Fe中掺入Ga原子后,并不是简单的"稀释"作用.与纯Fe的原子磁矩相比,Fe-Ga合金中平均原子磁矩减小的同时,在低Ga含量范围,Fe原子的磁矩随Ga含量的增加而增大;当Ga含量大于17%(原子分数)时,Fe原子磁矩随着Ga含量的增大而减小.     

Electron theory analysis about the influence of Cr and Mn on the carbide spheroidization by heat treatment

It is found that the distribution of covalent electron pair number and covalent bond energy was nonuniform in carbides Fe 3C, (Fe,Cr) 3C and (Fe,Mn) 3C, in which the energy difference between the strongest and the weakest bonds is very great. A criterion of covalent bond breaking during the heat treatment of M 3C pattern carbide is presented as follows. If the heat energy \%E\-\%w from heat treatment is higher than the diffusion activation energy \%Q\% of carbon atom in γ_Fe, the less the covalent bond energy \%E\% α is, the earlier the covalent bond α will be broken. According to the criterion, why the breaking of (Fe,Mn) 3C network was easier than that of Fe 3C network and why the breaking of (Fe, Cr) 3C network was more difficult than that of Fe 3C network are explained. It is indicated that Mn promoted the carbide to be spheroidized and Cr hindered the carbide from spheroidization during the heat treatment of carbides spheroidization.     

团簇Co_2FeBP的磁性

对团簇Co2Fe BP中Co、Fe原子的平均磁矩进行研究分析,结果表明:Co、Fe原子的平均磁矩均小于其理论计算值和实验观测值,B、P原子的引入降低了Co、Fe的磁性;多重度对Co、Fe原子的平均磁矩影响较大,但对其改变量大致相同;随着各构型稳定性的降低,在单重态下,Co、Fe原子的平均磁矩出现振荡性变化,在三重态下,Co原子的平均磁矩呈振荡性,而Fe原子呈单峰状;Co原子的平均磁矩在不同多重度下均变化不大,这与文献报道相一致;构型4(3)的Co原子平均磁矩最大,构型3(3)的Fe原子平均磁矩最大。     

Microstructure evolution and reaction behavior of Cu–Ni alloy and B_4C powder system

Microstructure evolution and reaction behavior of Cu–Ni alloy and B_4C power system was studied by in-situ and static experimental investigations along with theoretical calculations. The reaction process was as follows. Firstly,B_4C decomposed into B and C atoms, and then B atoms diffused into Cu–Ni matrix, leading to the formation of Ni_2B particles. Subsequently, Ni atoms diffused into B_4C, forming a loose mixture of Ni_2B and amorphous C at the initial powder boundary. Finally, with the completion of reaction, Ni_2B particles at the powder boundary grew into a monolithic block, and then C substance was excluded out and accumulated at the edge of this monolithic Ni_2B block. It is believed that the formation of Ni_2B phase is caused by the most negative change of Gibbs free energy among all the potential reactions between Ni–B and Ni–B_4C systems.     

Structural,elemental, optical and magnetic study of Fe doped ZnO and impurity phase formation

We have prepared a series of(ZnO)1-x(Fe2O3)x≤0.10bulk samples with various concentrations of Fe dopant by ball milling and investigated their structural, compositional, optical and magnetic properties by means of X-ray diffraction(XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS),Raman spectrometer and vibrating sample magnetometer(VSM), respectively. Information about different impurity phases was obtained through Rietveld refinements of XRD data analysis. XPS results showed different valence states(Fe2+ tand Fe3+) supported by shaking satellite peaks in samples. With increasing Fe doping percentage, the crystal quality deteriorated and a shift of E2 low band(characteristic of ZnO) has been observed in Raman spectra. Energy band gap estimated from reflectance UV–vis spectroscopy showed shift for all bulk samples. The magnetic behavior was examined using a vibrating sample magnetometer(VSM), indicating ferromagnetic behavior at room temperature(300 K). The effective magnetic moment per Fe atom decreases with increase in doping percentage which indicates that ferromagnetic behavior arises from the substitution of Fe ions in the ZnO lattice.     

Pre-peak on the structure factor of liquid hypoeutectic Al-Fe alloy

Using a θ-θ X ray diffractometer the structure of liquid hypoeutectic Al Fe alloy at 675℃ and its change with different thermal histories are investigated . Liquid Al is used as a reference system. It is found that a pre peak appears on the small angle part of the structure factor of the nonsuperheated hypoeutectic Al Fe alloy, but disappears after superheating whereas the structure factors of liquid Al hardly change with the different thermal histories, and no pre peak can be observed on them. The appearance of a pre peak is a mark of the intermediate range order (IRO). The pre peak is taken as the correlation between Fe atoms on the IRO length scale. Assume that the crystalline structure is the first order approximation of the liquid structure. A model structure is constructed. The basic unit is a cube formed by 8 Al atoms on its corner and one Fe atom occupying its center. The translation of such a unit along its fourbody diagonals by the length of a diagonal can meet the requirement of the Fe_Fe distance and gives a DO 3 like structure. If the vacancy among the units is filled with fcc like Al cells, the composition of the entity is about Al 7Fe, close to that of the metastable phase Al 6Fe from rapid solidification. It is speculated that there are Al 6Fe like clusters in the liquid hypoeutectic Al Fe alloy.     

Influence of yttrium on the structure and magnetostriction of Fe83Ga17 alloy

Polycrystalline Fe₈₃Ga₁₇ alloy rods with various amounts of yttrium were prepared by high vacuum induction melting. It is found that yttrium addition has a significant effect on the structure and magnetostriction of Fe₈₃Ga₁₇ alloy. The small addition of yttrium alters the solidification character and the grain shape of Fe₈₃Ga₁₇ alloy, and as a result, columnar grains with the ??100?? preferential direction are produced. Yttrium addition improves the magnetostrictive performance of the as-cast Fe₈₃Ga₁₇ alloy. The magnetostriction values of the as-cast alloy with 0.32at% and 0.64at% yttrium addition go up to 119×10^?6 and 137×10^?6 under 15 MPa compressive stress, respectively. The energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) result shows that almost all of the yttrium atoms exist in the Y₂Fe_17?x Ga _x phase. A small amount of this kind of secondary phase cannot obviously increase the saturate magnetic field.     

Study on NiO/Fe interface with X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy

Different monolayers (ML) of Fe atoms were deposited on NiO (001) substrates or NiO underlayers using molecular beam epitaxy (MBE), pulse laser deposition (PLD), and magnetron sputtering (MS). The magnetic properties and microstructure of the films were studied. The apparent magnetic dead layer (MDL) is found to exist at the NiO/Fe interfaces of the MBE sample (about 2 ML MDL), the PLD sample (about 3 ML MDL), and the MS sample (about 4 ML MDL). X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy indicates the presence of ionic Fe (Fe2+ or Fe3+) and metallic Ni at the NiO/Fe interfaces, which may be due to the chemical reactions between Fe and NiO layers. This also leads to the formation of MDL. The thickness of the MDL and the reaction products are related with the deposition energy of the atoms on the substrates. The interfacial reactions are effectively suppressed by inserting a thin Pt layer at the NiO/Fe interface.     

The spin and orbital moment contributions of each element to macroscopic magnetization in Co0.9Fe0.1 films

With the development of information technology, the data storage capacity of magnetic recording media has been increasing rapidly in recent years. To achieve areal densities as high as one terabit per square inch (Tb·in?2), roughly 20 times of today’s p…     

Microstructures of metallic film and diamond growth from Fe-Ni-C system

The microstructures of metallic film surrounding diamond have been systemically studied using the transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and the atom force microscopy (AFM). The film can be divided into three layers (inner layer near diamond, external layer near graphite and middle layer). The graphite cannot be directly transformed into diamond in the film at HTHP; there exists a parallel relationship between (−111) of γ-(Fe,Ni) and (110) of Fe₃C in the inner layer; the sawtooth-like step morphology found by AFM on the film is similar to that of corresponding diamond surface. A new model for diamond growth at HPHT is proposed from the parallel relationship and sawtooth-like step morphology. It is believed that Fe₃C may be a transitional phase in the course of diamond growth, γ-(Fe,Ni) in the inner layer can absorb carbon atom groups with lamella structure from Fe₃C, and then the carbon groups stack on growing diamond.     

Al对淬回火H11钢力学性能和碳化物的影响

研究了Al质量分数为0.77％及不含Al的H11钢在不同淬回火处理工艺下的硬度和冲击功的变化规律,并对两种钢原始退火态、1060℃淬火、1060℃淬火+510℃回火、1060℃淬火+560℃回火和1060℃淬火+600℃回火处理后的试样进行碳化物萃取,同时借助扫描电子显微镜(SEM)和X射线衍射仪(XRD)分析了Al对H11钢中碳化物形态及类型的影响.结果表明:(1)Al能提高H11钢的冲击韧性和回火硬度,但会使淬火硬度有所降低.(2)Al可以促进H11钢淬火过程中碳化物的溶解和元素的均匀分布.(3)Al会阻碍H11钢回火过程中碳化物的析出和聚集,这种作用在560℃以下回火时更加显著.(4)Al可以使H11钢回火时的(Fe,Cr)2C、MoC、Cr7C3类碳化物更加稳定,抑制(Fe,Cr)3C、Mo2C和Cr23C6类碳化物的析出,这是因为Al可以阻碍H11钢中碳及合金元素在回火过程中的聚集.