纤维素酶在棉织物生物抛光中的应用

阐述纤维素酶的作用机理,并简述纤维素酶对棉织物的抛光整理工艺;分析影响纤维素酶抛光效果的各种因素,包括酶用量、温度、pH值、处理时间等对织物失重率、起毛气球外观的影响;指出纤维素酶在绿色染整工艺中的重要性。     

纤维素酶对亚麻纤维酶整理工艺研究

以纤维素酶对亚麻纤维酶整理工艺进行研究,探讨酶的处理温度以及时间对酶整理效果的影响。通过实验,确定了最佳工艺条件及参数,并对酶整理后的亚麻织物进行白度、强力性能指标的测试。     

竹原纤维酶处理工艺探讨

采取纤维素酶的方法处理竹原纤维，并测试纤维的性能。探讨了天然竹纤维酶改性后的强力、伸长、模量等的变化。分析了酶剂用量、PH值、温度和整理时间各因子对纤维减量率和强力损失率的影响。此结果可以对酶处理织物提供很好的参考。     

海藻酸衍生物与柠檬酸混合应用棉织物抗皱整理工艺研究

将海藻酸衍生物PGA与柠檬酸混合用于棉织物的抗皱整理,改变PGA、柠檬酸的用量、不同的焙烘温度及焙烘时间,通过测试整理后织物的折皱回复角、白度以及撕破强力等性能确定最佳工艺。结果表明较优工艺条件为:海藻酸丙二醇酯为25g/L,柠檬酸为60g/L,焙烘温度为170℃,焙烘时间150s。     

胡芦巴半乳甘露聚糖酶法改性的工艺条件

采用正交实验法优选纤维素酶降解胡芦巴半乳甘露聚糖的最佳工艺条件,以黏均分子质量和还原糖得率为指标,考察了酶解温度、酶解时间、酶用量及pH对降解效果的影响.结果表明,纤维素酶降解最佳工艺条件为:酶用量1500U/g,酶解温度50℃,pH 5.0,酶解时间150min,影响降解工艺的主次因素顺序为:酶解温度>酶用量>酶解时间＞pH.所得产物的黏均相对分子质量1.2×105,还原糖得率5.1%.     

自制抗菌剂 GD-1在棉织物上的抗菌性能

用γ-氯丙基三甲氧基硅烷与二乙胺反应,经季铵化反应制得抗菌剂GD-1,并对纯棉织物进行抗菌整理,测试整理后织物的抑菌率、白度、断裂强力、折皱回复角等性能．整理后棉织物对大肠杆菌和金黄色葡萄球菌的抑菌率分别为99.74％和99.37％,自制抗菌剂GD-1的最佳应用工艺为：GD-1用量20g/L ,pH＝6,80℃预烘,120℃焙烘．整理后的棉织物洗涤50次后,抑菌率仍能保持在80.95％左右．     

拒水整理对棉织物耐静水压的影响

通过用含氟拒水整理剂对纯棉织物进行拒水整理,可以使纯棉产品更新换代,提高其服用性能,增加产品附加值,扩大其使用范围.针对棉织物良好的亲水性能,采用两种不同的拒水整理剂对棉织物进行拒水整理.选择了整理剂质量浓度、交联剂质量浓度、醋酸质量浓度、焙烘温度和焙烘时间等几个主要影响因素,应用正交实验的方法考虑多因素对织物拒水效果的影响,并测试经整理后织物的拒水等级、耐静水压等指标,对测试结果进行方差分析,得出最佳工艺参数及工艺条件.同时得出用耐静水压值来表征相同类型亲水性织物拒水整理的效果较常规的拒水等级的方法更为精确.     

Tencel纤维织物的纤维素酶整理

:利用纤维素酶整理 Tencel纤维织物 .分析了纤维素酶的作用机理和纤维素酶浓度、p H值、温度和时间对织物失重率的影响 ,测定了经过不同整理后织物的性能指标 .结果表明 ,织物经酶洗后再经硅油整理后其性能明显得到改善 .     

纤维素酶提取漳州血柚皮总黄酮的工艺研究

以漳州血柚皮为原料,利用纤维素酶对血柚皮总黄酮进行提取,并以硝酸铝显色法测定总黄酮提取率.分别对酶用量、pH值、酶解温度、酶解时间进行单因素实验和正交试验,并通过极差、方差分析对提取过程显著影响提取率的因素进行统计分析.结果表明,纤维素酶提取血柚皮中的总黄酮的优选工艺条件为:酶用量5.5%,pH 5.2,酶解温度52℃,酶解时间为50 min,该工艺条件下血柚皮总黄酮的提取率可达1.52%.     

酶水解纤维素条件的优化

为了探究酶水解纤维素的最优条件,以麦草浆为原料,研究纤维素酶用量、pH、水解温度、底物质量分数和酶水解时间对酶水解得率的影响,通过正交实验对酶水解纤维素的工艺条件进行优化.最佳条件为:酶用量27,U,pH,5.5,水解温度50,℃,底物质量分数2%,水解时间60,h.在此条件下,酶水解得率可以达到75.8%.     

Application of Acid Dyestuffs with Different Molecule Structure in Combined Dyeing and Finishing of Cotton Fabric

Simultaneous dyeing and durable press finishing of cotton fabrics with acid dyes bearing the different molecule structure and durable press finishing agent （DP agent abbr. ） based on modified DMDHEU were investigated by using the pad-dry-cure process. Some factors affecting the process, such as structure of acid dyes, DP agent, catalysts and curing temperature were discussed. The dyed and finished fabrics were evaluated with respect to color strength, fixation, crease recovery angle, breaking strength and fastness properties. The results indicate that structure of acid dyes has a striking effect on the color strength of dyed and finished cotton fabric. The color strength and dry crease recovery angle of dyed and finished cotton fabric increases, whereas breaking strength decreases with increasing concentration of DP agent. It is necessary for ammonium nitrate to serve as catalyst. It is found that relatively satisfactory properties of dyed and finished cotton fabric can be obtained with appropriate adjustment of treating conditions.     

纤维素酶的活力与棉纤维的失重

研究了纤维素酶活力与织物失重率、断裂强力、表面厚度和弯曲刚度的关系.用三种纤维素酶处理两种全棉织物,将处理结果(失重率等)与以滤纸、CMC、脱脂棉为底物测得的酶活力相比较.结果表明,脱脂棉酶活最能反映纤维素酶对棉织物的水解能力,而CMC酶活与酶的实际水解能力不存在明显的依赖关系.研究还表明,外切酶活较高的Cellu-soft L有利于使织物柔软,内切酶活较高的Cellusoft Plus有利于生物抛光.     

亚麻/棉针织物酶抛光工艺探讨

为了解决麻类针织物穿着刺痒的问题，改善手感和外观，根据酶剂对纤维素纤维的作用机理，选用特定亚麻 /棉混纺纱织制的针织汗布进行实验，测定 5种酶剂的处理效果及酶用量、处理时间、搅拌程度、处理温度及表面活性剂等因素对处理后织物失重、吸水性、手感及外观等的影响规律，并绘出曲线.结果显示，选择合适的酶剂于一定的条件下处理，效果明显.实验证实，酶抛光技术确实可提升麻类针织物的品质，有助于高档麻针织产品的开发.     

纯棉针织物的秦皮天然染料染色

以水为提取剂从中药秦皮中提取天然染料对纯棉针织物进行染色,研究不同媒染方式以及染料质量浓度、染浴pH值、染色温度及时间、媒染剂硫酸亚铁用量等后媒法染色工艺对纯棉针织物染色效果的影响.结果表明,后媒法染色效果最好,秦皮天然染料对纯棉针织物的后媒染染色最佳工艺为：秦皮天然染料质量浓度12g/L,染液pH 4,染色温度90℃,染色时间60min,媒染剂硫酸亚铁用量5g/L.织物经后媒染染色后得色均匀,各项色牢度较好.     

纯棉中高档针织面料染整加工工艺

对纯棉中高档针织面料依据产品性能不同而采用不同的染整加工工艺进行了探讨．介绍了丝织坯布、烧毛坯布及双丝双毛坯布的染整加工工艺流程和工艺设备．阐述了全棉中高档针织面料的染整工艺必须从原料的质量开始，到后整理结束，对染整工艺路线、设备选用、染化料助剂选用和工艺条件进行筛选与控制，特别对纯棉高档针织面料在后整理加工中缩水率大的问题进行了研究，使针织物的服用舒适性大大改善．     

Measurement of the Average Molecular Weight of Cotton Cellulose Crosslinked by a Polycarboxylic Acid at Different pH Using Multiple Angle Light Scattering Photometer in a DMAc/LiCl Solvent System

Durable press finishing of cotton fabrics with polycarboxylic acid increases fabric wrinkle-resistance at the expense of its mechanical strength. Severe tensile strength loss is the major disadvantage for wrinkle resistant cotton fabrics. Tensile strength loss of cotton fabric crosslinked by a polycarboxylic acid can be attributed to depolymerization and crosslink of cellulose molecules. Measurement of the molecular weight of cotton fabric before and after crosslinked by polycarboxylic acids can offer a possibility of direct understanding of the depolymerization. In this research, a multiple angle laser light scattering photometer was used to determine the absolute molecular weight of cotton fabric treated with BTCA at different pH and then hydrolyzed with 0.5 M NaOH solution at 50℃ for 144 h. The results indicate that average molecular weights of cotton fabric treated with polycarboxylic acids at different pH are almost the same.     

Molecular Weight Distributions of Cotton Cellulose Treated with a Polycarboxylic Acid at Different pH

In last paper, the average molecular weight of a control cotton fabric and cotton fabrics treated with the polycarboxylic acid at different pH were measured. The result doesn‘t support the hypothesis that the pH of the finishing bath can affect the depolymerization of the finished cotton fabric. In order to understand more about it, the molecular weight distributions of the control and finished cotton fabrics were measured and the reason was fund. From the ratio and the molecular weight of the low molecular part one can see that the pH of the finishing bath can affect the depelymerization of the f‘mished cotton fabrics. The phenomenon that the average molecular weights of the cotton fabric crosslinked with BTCA at different pH are almost same is attributed to that the crosslinks are not broken completely when treated with 0.5 M NaOH solution at 50℃ for 144 h.     

Cellulase Activities and Finishing Effects on Cotton Fabrics

The relationships between cellulase activities and theproperties of treated labrics including weight loss,breaking strength,surface thickness and bending rigiditywere investigated.Three cellulases were used to treattwo kinds of cotton fabrics and the results were com-pared to their activities measured towards filter paper,CMC and dewaxed cotton.The results suggested thatamong the three activities,exo activity(measured to-wards dewaxed cotton)be mostly inclined to reflect theactual hydrolytic capability of the cellulase on cotton fab-rics,while endo activity(measured towards CMC)wasof little use in predicting cellulase efflciency in terms ofweight loss.The investigation also suggested that the rel-atively endo-rich cellulase(Cellusoft Plus)was inclinedto give biopolishing effects by cleaning the surface fibrilof fabrics while the exo-rich cellulase(Cellusoft L,alsoknown as total or full cellulase)tended to deliver soften-ing cffects by decreasing the bending and shearing prop-erties.     

纯棉机织黏合衬的防缩整理

研究了纯棉机织衬布的超低甲醛树脂防缩整理．探讨了树脂用量、催化剂用量、甲醛捕捉剂用量、焙烘时间及温度等因素对整理效果的影响．结果表明超低甲醛树脂整理的最优工艺为：树脂70g／L,催化剂氯化镁7g/L,乙烯脲1g／L。80℃预烘4rain,160℃焙烘120s．整理后衬布的甲醛含量为18．9mg／kg,白度为88．31,撕破强力保留率为88.3％．经向水洗尺寸变化率为-0．40％,纬向水洗尺寸变化率为-0．40％．