一种天然染料的提取及对涤纶织物的染色工艺研究

研究了一种天然染料的提取和对涤纶织物的染色工艺,测定了染色织物的染色牢度和抗菌性能.结果表明:该天然染料提取最佳工艺为植物用量90 g/L,提取温度80℃,时间60 min,助剂浓度25 g/L;染色最佳工艺为温度120℃,pH=5,染色45 min;后媒法最佳工艺为45℃,时间为30～60 min,媒染剂3%(o.w.f.).染色涤纶织物有较好的耐洗牢度和摩擦牢度,均可达4～5级,且有一定的抗菌性.     

红花对棉针织物的染色及抑菌性能研究

红花既是常见中草药,也是常用的天然食用色素,本文探索了红花在纺织印染领域中的应用.采用超声波水提法从中药材红花中提取染料色素,通过预媒染色法对棉针织物进行染色;在媒染剂明矾用量5 g/L,预媒处理时间30 min,染色温度70℃、保温时间60 min的优化工艺条件下,15％(o.w.f)用量的红花色素对棉针织物染色后的...     

以五倍子为例探究传统草木染技术对亚麻面料的染色研究

以五倍子为草木染染材,以硫酸亚铁(皂矾)为媒染剂,对亚麻布进行黑色染色深度研究,研究发现染液浓度、染煮时间、温度等对染色效果影响较大。随着染色温度、媒染剂浓度、媒染时间的增加染色效果越来越好,实验得出最佳染色条件。     

万寿菊黄色染料在羊毛织物上染色的研究

实验研究了植物染料万寿菊的提取及其在藏羊毛织物上的染色性能。采用后媒染染色实验方法,其优化工艺条件为:染液的料液比为10 g/200 mL,染液的pH=4,铝媒染剂用量5%(o.w.f),染色温度80℃。该植物染料染得的藏羊毛织物颜色鲜亮,具有良好的耐洗、耐光及耐摩擦色牢度,可以作为一种染羊毛的天然黄色染料。     

橡子壳色素的染发性能研究

以橡子壳20%的乙醇水溶液提取物为染料,采用先染后媒的染色方法,探讨媒染剂种类、上染温度、染液pH、染色时间、染料浓度等对染发效果的影响.实验结果表明,Fe~(2+)和Fe~(3+)使毛发显示为灰绿色,Al~(3+)和Zn~(2+)显示出黄色.以5%的FeSO_4·7H_2O为媒染剂,改变染色工艺条件,能得到色彩丰富的上染效果.用于染发剂,橡子壳提取物是一种颜色较为丰富、对毛发损伤程度小、色牢度好且安全性高的天然染料.     

黄柏染料冷冻干燥法粉末提取及其染色重现性

为提高植物染料染色重现性,采用冷冻干燥法对黄柏植物染料进行了粉末提取.将提取的黄柏染料粉末对棉针织物进行相关的对比实验,探讨了染液浓度、pH值、上染温度、处理时间、浴比等工艺参数对染色重现性的影响.实验结果证明,该方法可提高黄柏染料的染色重现性,重现性高达100%.最佳工艺参数为质量浓度10g/L,温度80℃,染色时间20min,浴比1:60.     

丝维尔调温纤维针织面料的染色工艺

研究了丝维尔调温纤维针织物的染色性能.选用活性染料对丝维尔调温纤维针织物进行染色,以织物的上染率和K/S值为评价指标,运用单因素分析法与正交试验相结合的方法对丝维尔调温纤维针织物的染色工艺进行优化并对染色效果进行评定.通过实验得出最佳染色工艺为:活性艳红KD-8B1%(o.w.f),磷酸三钠质量浓度40g/L,食盐质量浓度40g/L,浴比1∶50,固色时间45min,固色温度90℃,匀染剂0.5g/L.采用优化工艺对织物染色后,测试得出的织物耐洗色牢度、耐汗渍色牢度和耐摩擦色牢度都达到了织物染色要求的质量标准.     

低温氧漂活化剂的制备与应用

为解决纯棉针织物练漂温度高、能耗大等问题,制备了能用于低温漂白的锰配合物MnⅡ(L) (ClO4)2(其中L为1,4,7,10-四氮杂环十二烷),并研究了双氧水用量、配合物浓度、NaOH用量、练漂温度和练漂时间共5个工艺因素对漂白效果的影响.通过单因素试验和正交试验,得到优化的工艺条件:DM-1361用量为0.5 g/L,DM-1408用量为1 g/L,H2O2(35％)用量为8g/L,NaOH用量为6 g/L,配合物浓度为20 μmol/L,练漂温度为70℃,练漂时间为50 min,浴比为1∶10.结果表明:低温优化工艺整理后织物的白度和毛效略差于传统工艺,但达到服用要求；顶破强力与织物失重率均优于传统工艺.     

牛奶纤维／棉混纺针织物的漂白工艺

研究了双氧水质量浓度、碳酸钠质量浓度、硅酸钠质量浓度、尿素质量浓度、渗透剂质量浓度、时间、温度、浴比等因素对牛奶纤维/棉混纺针织物漂白效果的影响.根据正交实验得出较优的牛奶纤维/棉混纺针织物漂白工艺:双氧水质量浓度25g/L,碳酸钠质量浓度4g/L,渗透剂JFC质量浓度2g/L,硅酸钠质量浓度4g/L,尿素质量浓度7g/L,浴比1∶20,时间60min,温度90℃.实验结果同时表明弱碱环境下,牛奶纤维/棉混纺针织物过氧化尿素氧漂的效果优于过氧化氢氧漂的效果.     

芬顿-粉煤灰协同处理有机实验废水

利用芬顿试剂的强氧化性和改性粉煤灰良好的吸附性,协同处理有机实验废水.主要考察了过氧化氢、硫酸亚铁、改性剂用量及吸附条件对处理效果的影响.结果表明:当过氧化氢用量为25 g/L、硫酸亚铁用量为4.5 g/L、改性剂氧化钙浓度为30 g/L、吸附温度为35℃、pH值为5、振荡时间为35 min时,有机废水CODCr去除率可达90.5%.     

亚麻/棉针织物酶抛光工艺探讨

为了解决麻类针织物穿着刺痒的问题，改善手感和外观，根据酶剂对纤维素纤维的作用机理，选用特定亚麻 /棉混纺纱织制的针织汗布进行实验，测定 5种酶剂的处理效果及酶用量、处理时间、搅拌程度、处理温度及表面活性剂等因素对处理后织物失重、吸水性、手感及外观等的影响规律，并绘出曲线.结果显示，选择合适的酶剂于一定的条件下处理，效果明显.实验证实，酶抛光技术确实可提升麻类针织物的品质，有助于高档麻针织产品的开发.     

反应性阳离子聚氨酯对羊绒针织物起球性能的影响

以自制的反应性阳离子水性聚氨酯对纯羊绒针织物进行抗起毛起球整理,研究整理剂对纯羊绒针织物整理效果及其服用性能的影响。研究结果表明：在整理剂最佳的应用工艺下（整理剂质量浓度50g/L、浴比1：35、整理液pH5.5、40℃下处理20min、100℃烘干）,可显著提高羊绒针织物的抗起毛起球性能,其起毛起球等级从2.0级提高到4.0级,且织物的手感和白度等风格不受整理剂的影响。     

Study on Application of Natural Plant Dye Gardenia on Cotton Coloration and the Dyeing Mechanism

IntroductionIn thelast fewyears ,the application of natural dyes intextile dyeing is being explored worldwide .In comparisonwith synthetic dyes , the natural dyes are generallyenvironmental friendly and nontoxic . Natural dyes canexhibit better biodegradability and generally have a highercompatibility with the environment . Correlative researchwork is being under way around the world on theapplication of natural dyes . The introduction of naturaldyes into modern dyeing procedures that can be …     

Finishing Effect on Warmth Property of Cotton/Kapok Blended Knitted Fabric

Nowadays,more and more natural or functional fibers are being investigated due to their utilization in thermal underwear.Kapok fiber is one of the natural cellulosic fibers whose source is the kapok plant. It has hollow body and sealed tail,which exhibits desirable features required for functional textiles of this nature. In this study,cotton / kapok( 80 /20 by mass) blended yarn with two types of yarn size 18. 5 and 14. 8 tex,respectively are knitted into plain stitches. The fabrics are undergone with an optimal preparation plan according to orthogonal design. Then,after dyeing and softening,fabric properties including thermal and water-vapour resistances, wicking property, pilling behaviour, and surface morphology,are tested and scrutinized for their candidacy for thermal underwear. The results showed that cotton / kapok blended fabrics have good thermal resistance which is significantly higher than those of cotton / modal blended fabrics,and the same water vapour resistance compared with cotton / modal blended fabrics which are normally used as underwear. Cotton / modal blended knitted fabrics has better pilling grade than cotton / kapok blended fabrics. Meanwhile, the cotton / kapok blends fabrics have good wicking property. Collectively,it was concluded that cotton / kapok blended fabric was appropriate for thermal underwear. However,the main limitation of these fabrics is their pilling properties.     

Molecular Weight Distributions of Cotton Cellulose Treated with a Polycarboxylic Acid at Different pH

In last paper, the average molecular weight of a control cotton fabric and cotton fabrics treated with the polycarboxylic acid at different pH were measured. The result doesn‘t support the hypothesis that the pH of the finishing bath can affect the depolymerization of the finished cotton fabric. In order to understand more about it, the molecular weight distributions of the control and finished cotton fabrics were measured and the reason was fund. From the ratio and the molecular weight of the low molecular part one can see that the pH of the finishing bath can affect the depelymerization of the f‘mished cotton fabrics. The phenomenon that the average molecular weights of the cotton fabric crosslinked with BTCA at different pH are almost same is attributed to that the crosslinks are not broken completely when treated with 0.5 M NaOH solution at 50℃ for 144 h.     

Research on the Dyeing Properties of Silk-like Knitted Fabric of Ultrafine Polyester Fiber

In this paper, dyeing processes of silk-like fabric of ultra-fine polyester fiber are studied through orthogonal experiment, dyeing properties （K/S value, L^＊ value, and C^＊ value） of the fabric are tested under different dyeing conditions （pH value, time, and bath ratlo）, and optimum dyeing conditions are arrived at through analysis.     

亚麻/彩棉/白棉混纺针织物柔软整理工艺研究

研究亚麻/彩棉/白棉混纺针织物的柔软整理工艺。在亚麻/彩棉/白棉针织物的柔软整理中,采用了纤维素酶、氨基硅油和纤维素酶配合氨基硅油3种整理方法,分别采用不同的柔软整理工艺,通过测试整理后织物柔软性、折皱回复性、悬垂性、抗起毛起球、透气性等服用性能,分析3种方法的柔软整理效果。结果表明：3种整理工艺都能改善织物的柔软性,采用氨基硅油和纤维素酶配合氨基硅油柔软整理效果最好,从整体上看,该工艺整理后的织物的服用性能好于另外两种工艺。     

Extraction and Application of Natural Mordant Dyes from Eichhornia Crassipes (Water Hyacinth)

Metallic salts are often added as extra mordant when dyeing the fabrics with natural dyes. Eichhornia crassipes,namely water hyacinth( WH),is an environmentally problematic aquatic weed with high affinity for metals. In this paper,WH was selected as the source of natural mordant dyes,and extracted by absolute ethyl alcohol using a soxhlet apparatus. The colorants in WH were extracted and separated by column chromatography and thin layer chromatography( TLC). UV-visible spectrophotometer( UV-VIS),mass spectrometry, chemical identification with chromogenic reaction,and Fourier transform infrared spetroscopy( FTIR) were used to identify the main components of each pigment band. The total metal contents before and after extracting of the WH were determined by using an inductively coupled plasma atomic emission detector. The WH extracts were then used to dye wool fabric. The dyeing properties of WH extracts with and without metal mordant were investigated and compared. The results show that the main components of WH extracts are pheophytin and phyllins. The major metallic elements identified in WH are magnesium, manganese,zinc,and iron. Samples dyed with WH extracts without metal mordant exhibits high K / S values and good dyeing properties. This study indicates that the WH extracts can be used as a natural mordant dye on wool fabrics directly.     

聚乳酸织物碱性染色工艺探讨

为提高生产效率并简化聚乳酸(polylactic acid,PLA)织物的传统染色工艺,利用耐碱的分散染料在碱性条件下对PLA织物进行染色。研究了处理液pH值对PLA织物减量的影响,以及PLA织物的中性染色及碱性染色产品的K/S值及减量率;讨论了碱性染色温度和碱剂用量对PLA织物K/S值和强力的影响;对比了PLA织物有无还原清洗工序的碱性染色产品的色牢度,以及碱性染色与传统染色的工序、配方及产品的颜色深度。结果表明:随着处理液pH值的升高,织物的减量率逐渐增加且碱性条件下更有利于PLA织物的减量;碱性染色织物的减量率及K/S值均高于中性染色产品;随着染色温度的升高和碱剂用量增大,染色织物颜色逐渐变深且断裂强力下降;PLA织物碱性染色产品色牢度好且染色后无需还原清洗;碱性染色比传统染色方法所得织物的颜色更深且碱性染色工艺更加节省能源、水以及时间。     

大豆蛋白纤维针织物碱/变性浴染色工艺研究

利用科华素三原色系列活性染料对大豆纤维染色性能进行了系统实验,旨在探索大豆纤维碱性浴和变性浴染色的基本染色规律。实验结果表明,乙烯砜/一氯均三嗪双活性基活性染料对大豆纤维的碱性浴理想染色温度为60℃,中色染色的纯碱用量为5～6g／L。乙烯砜/一氯均三嗪双活性基活性染料较佳的酸性浴染色pH值为3～4,续染时间为40min。对大豆蛋白纤维采用活性染料变性浴的染色方法,可以达到良好的效果。