两次冷轧压下率分配对IF钢深冲性能的影响

为提高IF钢深冲性能,以热轧带钢为原料,采用两次冷轧的实验方法,在实验室冷轧机上进行润滑轧制·冷轧实验表明,在总压下率一定的情况下,两次冷轧压下率的分配是影响IF钢深冲性能的关键·实测轧制试件的r值,得出在总压下率一定时,两次冷轧比一次冷轧的塑性应变比r值要高;同时得出一次冷轧压下率较小,二次冷轧压下率较大时,可使r值提高;如果冷轧总压下率适当提高,也可使r值提高;两次冷轧压下率均为75%时,r值可达3 2以上·通过对轧制试样的ODF织构分析,表明与实测r值一致·对显微组织观察表明,晶粒呈等轴状时有利于深冲性能·     

首道次轧制对复合钢板组织和性能的影响

利用真空轧制复合法在不同的首道次轧制压下率下对成分、状态、尺寸等相同的钢板进行了热轧复合,研究了5%,10%,15%三组不同首道次压下率真空轧制复合板的界面组织及Z向力学性能,分析了首道次压下率对复合性能的影响.实验结果表明:随着首道次压下率的增大,界面生成物尺寸逐渐变小,数量减少,形态由长条状逐渐过渡为弥散分布的细小颗粒状;在首道次压下率为15%时,复合板界面已非常洁净;复合板Z向抗拉强度、延伸率、断面收缩率及塑性都随首道次轧制压下率的增大而逐渐改善.     

6111铝合金在冷轧过程中织构的变化

采用取向分布函数(ODF)分析并研究了6111铝合金在冷轧过程中织构的演变及轧制工艺对冷轧织构的影响.结果表明,6111铝合金冷轧后,主要轧制织构组分均为Copper织构组分、S织构组分和Brass织构组分;冷轧过程中,在一定条件下会产生较强的旋转立方织构,而且继续轧制时,随着轧板的减薄,旋转立方织构会迅速减弱而Copper,Brass,S等正常轧制织构组分迅速增强.此外,在总轧制形变量相同的条件下,随着道次压下率的提高,轧制织构减弱.     

冷轧压下制度对CSP线Ti-IF钢组织织构性能影响

采用CSP生产线生产Ti基IF钢板,分析了不同冷轧压下率对试验材料的组织织构和力学性能的影响。结果表明,随着冷轧压下率的增加,试验材料晶粒组织逐渐细小和均匀,当压下率为80%时,试验材料具有良好的成型性能,n90和r90达到最大值。随着冷轧压下率的增加,{111}112组分的取向密度显著增强,{111}110组分增强不明显。80%压下量的退火板织构{111}112有利织构最强。     

超纯铁素体不锈钢的组织、织构及深拉伸性能

重点研究了冷轧压下率对冷轧、再结晶织构的影响.结果表明:当终轧温度为750℃时,热轧带退火后以{111}再结晶织构为主.随着冷轧压下量的增加,γ织构减弱,α织构增强,{111}再结晶织构明显增强.当冷轧压下率为84%时,{111}再结晶组分的体积分数达到64.5%,退火板的平均塑性应变比(-R)高达1.69,平面各向异性(ΔR)仅为-0.17,深拉伸性能优良.     

多道次等径角轧制对AZ31镁板组织性能的影响

对AZ31镁合金进行多道次等径角轧制,并分析其微观组织、宏观织构和室温力学性能.结果表明,随着轧制道次的增加,板材的晶粒组织出现交替细化与粗化的现象,并直接影响板材后续退火组织的大小和均匀性.由于累积剪切变形的作用,等径角轧制后板材的基面织构明显弱化.七道次等径角轧制后基面极轴出现沿轧向分离,板材屈服强度降低约54%,而伸长率提高约43%.基面织构弱化和晶粒细化是等径角轧制板材塑性提高的主要原因.     

ESP工艺下低碳钢奥氏体演变行为

通过楔形铸坯直接轧制和带有中间坯补热工序的大道次变形量热轧实验,研究了铸坯直接轧制、大道次变形量以及中间坯补热工序对奥氏体组织演变的影响,并与常规热轧工艺进行了对比.结果表明:随铸坯压下率增加,变形后奥氏体晶粒尺寸逐渐细化.与铸坯再加热轧制工艺相比,当压下率为48%,53.6%和66.7%时,铸坯直接轧制工艺的奥氏体晶粒较为粗大,压下率为72.3%时,其变形组织更为细小均匀.与常规工艺相比,粗轧阶段大道次变形量促进奥氏体再结晶;中间坯补热工序提高了奥氏体晶粒尺寸均匀化程度.     

复合轧制工艺对Al/Mg复合板冶金结合层组织和性能的影响

采用AZ31镁合金和纯铝进行高温复合轧制制备镁-铝复合板,使其兼具铝的表面耐蚀性和镁合金的高比强度特性.采用金相显微镜、扫描电子显微镜和电子万能拉伸机等设备,研究了不同热轧温度及退火工艺参数对铝-镁复合界面的显微组织和结合强度的影响.结果表明：300 ℃轧制,镁-铝复合板出现严重边裂;450 ℃轧制,边裂消失;在轧制温度为400 ℃、压下率为50%、300 ℃退火2 h的条件下得到的复合板界面结合强度最大,为7.5 MPa.     

双金属对称轧制复合压下率规律的研究

对四层对称轧制复合时的压下率变化规律进行了研究，发现四层对称轧制复合时，同一次复合的两块复合板的压下率并不完全相等（ε１≠ε２），四层复合的总压下率εΣ介于两块复合板的压下率ε１与ε２之间，并且总压下率εΣ等于两块复合板的平均压下率。     

大应变轧制技术制备细晶AZ31镁合金板材

晶粒细化可以改善镁合金的强度和延性,通过控制轧制工艺可以控制变形组织.文中研究了不同轧制道次变形量对AZ31镁合金组织和性能的影响.实验结果表明:随着轧制道次变形量的增加,轧制应变速率增加,镁合金发生了动态再结晶,获得细小的晶粒组织,板材的硬度增加;但是,当轧制道次变形量增加到一定值之后,板材的表面出现宏观裂纹;采用大的道次轧制应变技术,可以减少轧制道次,制备晶粒尺寸为2～5μm的细晶镁合金板材.     

Effects of microrolling parameters on the microstructure and deformation behavior of pure copper

Microrolling experiments and uniaxial tensile tests of pure copper under different annealing conditions were carried out in this paper. The effects of grain size and reduction on non-uniform deformation, edge cracking, and microstructure were studied. The experimental results showed that the side deformation became more non-uniform, resulting in substantial edge bulge, and the uneven spread increased with increasing grain size and reduction level. When the reduction level reached 80% and the grain size was 65 μm, slight edge cracks occurred. When the grain size was 200 μm, the edge cracks became wider and deeper. No edge cracks occurred when the grain size was 200 μm and the reduction level was less than 60%; edge cracks occurred when the reduction level was increased to 80%. As the reduction level increased, the grains were gradually elongated and appeared as a sheet-like structure along the rolling direction; a fine lamellar structure was obtained when the grain size was 20 μm and the reduction level was less than 60%.     

氧化铁皮在冷轧过程中的断裂行为

利用轧卡实验研究热轧低碳钢表面氧化铁皮在无酸洗冷轧过程中的断裂行为.结果表明,由于带钢在靠近辊缝处的弹性变形,带钢表面的氧化铁皮受拉应力作用发生断裂,裂纹垂直于轧制方向,越靠近辊缝裂纹密度越大.单道次轧制压下量小于16%时,氧化铁皮只发生断裂;压下量超过16%时,氧化铁皮开始出现脱落,当氧化铁皮受力超过其界面附着强度时,将发生氧化铁皮从带钢表面剥离和粉碎.同样的总压下量条件下,多轧制道次有利于保护氧化铁皮的完整性.     

冷轧复合对铝合金复合箔组织与性能的影响

研究了在冷轧复合法生产汽车散热器用铝合金复合箔的工艺中,冷轧首道次压下率、包覆层厚度及成品前退火制度对复合箔组织与性能的影响.结果表明:皮材A4045和芯材A3003在30%~50%的首道次压下率下可以实现良好的初结合,冷轧工艺生产的复合箔上、下包覆层的厚度基本一致.最后一道次的精轧压下率在25%~35%之间时,复合箔成品的抗下垂性能最佳.复合箔成品前的退火温度应控制在320~400℃,退火温度为400℃时,退火时间以不超过80 min为宜.     

Impact of asymmetry deformation on microstructure and mechanical properties of AZ31B alloy sheets deformed by on-line heating rolling

The effect of asymmetry deformation on microstructure and mechanical properties of AZ31 sheet was investigated in the present paper. Two AZ31 sheets were rolled together with an on-line heating rolling mill and separated from each other afterwards. For each sheet, the strain on both surface during rolling was asymmetry and this rolling method is called asymmetry rolling (AR) in present work. For comparison, symmetry rolling (SR) was also carried out on the same rolling mill that only one sheet was rolled in one pass. The sheets deformed by AR showed more homogeneous microstructure with higher recrystallization level and symmetry distributional basal texture. Moreover, SR sheets showed many narrow shear bands which distributed as “V” shape along rolling direction, while less shear bands with wider size are observed in AR sheet. The shear bands in AR sheet distributed as a line and across the entire thickness of the sheet, resulting in layered bimodal structure. Based on the unique microstructure and texture characteristics, AR sheet has lowest mechanical property anisotropy and a good balance of strength and elongation.     

Microstructure and texture evolution in commercial-purity Zr 702 during cold rolling and annealing

Microstructure and texture evolution in commercial-purity Zr 702 during cold rolling and annealing was investigated by optical microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and X-ray diffraction. The results showed that crystallographic slip was the predominant deformation mechanism in the early stage of deformation. Deformation twins started to form when the rolling reduction was larger than 38.9%; both the dislocation density and the number of twins increased with increasing rolling reduction. The initial texture of the Zr 702 plate consisted of the basal fiber component. During cold rolling the strength of the basal fiber first decreased and then increased with increasing rolling reduction. The cold-rolled sheets were fully recrystallized after being annealed at 550°C. The recrystallization temperature and the size of recrystallized grains decreased with increasing rolling reduction. A larger rolling reduction resulted in a higher grain growth rate when the annealing temperature increased from 550°C to 700°C. The recrystallization texture was characterized by a major basal fiber and a minor {0113}<2110> component. The strength of the recrystallization texture increased with increasing rolling reduction.     

金属薄膜裂纹扩展的分子动力学研究

研究了冲击载荷作用下金属薄膜表面裂纹扩展的微观机制,采用分子动力学方法对Cu薄膜进行模拟计算,求得冲击载荷作用下带有表面裂纹模型的系统动能、应力、应变及微观结构变化图.当系统从压应力转变为拉应力状态时,裂纹上的原子获得较大动能,裂纹尖端原子开始发生溅射,继而晶格内部出现空位.当拉应力达到364385MPa时,空位扩大形成裂尖钝劈现象,裂纹发生扩展.结果表明:在高速冲击载荷作用下,金属薄膜裂纹扩展主要原因是系统能量和应力的变化使得微裂纹尖端出现钝劈损伤.     

轧件内部裂纹的模拟实验方法与愈合行为

提出一种预置轧件内部裂纹的模拟实验新方法,即钻孔填充法,将其用于普碳钢中厚板内部裂纹的预置,并对其愈合行为进行轧制实验研究.研究了位于轧件中心、厚度方向三分之一处等位置的裂纹愈合情况.实验结果表明,压下率达到50%以上、开轧温度在1100℃时,内部裂纹可完全愈合;且位于轧件厚向中心位置裂纹的愈合程度好于其他位置,采用缓冷方式时裂纹的愈合程度好于空冷.对轧制过程中裂纹愈合的机理进行了分析,认为在轧制变形条件下,压应力状态为裂纹愈合提供了静力学条件,塑性变形过程中大量原子的定向运动,为裂纹愈合提供了物质补给条件,裂纹两侧的金属原子更容易找到新的平衡位置,形成统一的晶格点阵,从而实现裂纹愈合.     

轧制制度对闭孔泡沫铝材料塑性的影响

研究了采用熔体发泡法制备的闭孔泡沫铝材料的轧制过程,分析了不同道次压下量条件下泡沫铝的变形特点与破坏方式,探讨了影响泡沫铝轧制能力的主要因素.结果表明:闭孔泡沫铝的轧制应遵循多道次、小变形的原则.道次压下量为0.1 mm时,Si质量分数为12%的泡沫铝(厚度约11 mm)经10道次变形后可实现1 mm的总变形量.道次压下量过大时泡沫铝的破坏方式为典型的脆性断裂,适宜的压下量则有利于发挥泡沫铝良好的吸能性,但小变形时易出现弯曲而使材料最终发生剪切破坏.提高泡沫铝轧制能力的具体方法为降低基体中的Si含量,提高材料组织性能的均一性,轧制工艺中采用适宜的道次压下量和较低的轧制速度.     

SEM原位观察ZK60(0.9Y)镁合金板材的断裂行为

利用原位拉伸扫描电镜观察,研究ZK60合金及含稀土Y的ZK60(0.9Y)合金热轧板材动态拉伸过程中裂纹萌生和扩展情况,讨论合金的显微组织与断裂行为的相互关系.实验表明:在拉伸过程中,合金轧制态试样裂纹以撕裂的形式进行扩展,断口区域有解理、准解理断裂痕迹,ZK60(0.9Y)合金裂纹萌生所需载荷大于ZK60合金,且在拉伸过程中发生第2相的破碎,主裂纹沿第2相扩展,基体中的二次裂纹多萌生于第2相周围.