椰壳生物碳吸附Cd(II)的性能和机制

将椰子壳在高温缺氧条件下热解制备了椰壳生物碳（CSBC）,考察了Cd(II)溶液pH、初始浓度、吸附时间对CSBC吸附Cd(II)性能的影响,通过FTIR、XRD、XPS、EDS等方法对CSBC以及CSBC-Cd(II)进行了表征,研究了CSBC对Cd(II)的吸附机理。结果显示：pH对CSBC吸附Cd(II)有显著的影响,pH 5为最佳吸附条件;CSBC吸附Cd(II)的过程符合Pseudo-second-order model模型和Langmuir模型,吸附过程以化学吸附为主,拟合的饱和吸附量为29.36 mg/g。研究显示活性官能团与Cd(II)形成配合物,以及Cd(II)与CSBC表面的CO32-生成CdCO3和Cd(OH)2沉淀是主要的吸附机理。     

介孔纳米γ-Al_2O_3的制备及其对硫酸根离子的吸附性能研究

利用模板法合成介孔纳米γ-Al2O3,用透射电镜(TEM)、X射线衍射(XRD)、比表面测定(BET)等手段对所得的介孔纳米γ-Al2O3进行了表征.考察了介孔纳米γ-Al2O3在静态条件下对硫酸根离子的吸附性能.探讨了溶液的初始浓度、pH值、时间和温度对吸附性能的影响,结果表明:介孔纳米γ-Al2O3对硫酸根离子有较好的吸附性能,其吸附行为符合Freundlich等温式.     

介孔纳米γ-Al2O3的制备及其对硫酸根离子的

利用模板法合成介孔纳米γ=Al2O3,,用透射电镜(TEM)、X射线衍射(XRD)、比表面测定(BET)等手段对所得的介孔纳米γ-Al2O3进行了表征.考察了介孔纳米γ-Al2O3在静态条件下对硫酸根离子的吸附性能.探讨了溶液的初始浓度、pH值、时间和温度对吸附性能的影响,结果表明:介孔纳米γ-Al2O3对硫酸根离子有较好的吸附性能,其吸附行为符合Freundlich等温式.     

Fe_3O_4-果胶磁性微球的制备及对Cu~(2+)的吸附性能

用天然存在且吸附能力较强的果胶包覆具有磁性的四氧化三铁纳米颗粒制备一种吸附剂-Fe3O4果胶磁性微球.通过红外光谱、扫描电镜对样品进行表征,并考察吸附时间、Cu2+的质量浓度、吸附剂用量和吸附溶液的pH值对果胶磁性微球吸附溶液中Cu2+量的影响.结果表明,果胶磁性微球对铜离子的吸附主要发生在最初的1.5 h内,通过1.5 h的吸附后,吸附反应慢慢达到平衡,果胶磁性微球的平衡吸附量为72.50 mg/g.     

含多羟基化合物的改性聚苯乙烯微球对Pb2+的吸附性能研究

以氯甲基化交联聚苯乙烯(CMCPS)微球为起始原料,与对羟基苯甲醛(HBA)发生反应,制得醛基化改性聚苯乙烯微球(ALCPS),然后再将ALCPS与氨基葡萄糖盐酸盐发生缩合反应,制得席夫碱型螯合树脂AGCPS微球.探究了该树脂对铅离子的吸附性能,测试不同的pH、吸附时间、吸附温度、铅离子溶液的浓度对吸附性能的影响.结果表明:EDTA螯合树脂对镉离子的吸附量随pH值的增大而降低;随吸附时间的延长而增强,然后趋于平缓;随温度升高而增大;随初始离子溶液浓度的增大而不断增强.且其吸附过程符合Langmuir等温吸附方程和Lagergren一级动力学方程.     

纳米碳羟基磷灰石对Cd2+的吸附

以人工合成的纳米碳羟基磷灰石(n-CHAP)吸附水溶液中的镉离子(Cd2+),考查pH值、反应时间及Cd2+初始浓度等因素对吸附效果的影响,并探讨吸附机理。结果表明:n-CHAP对Cd2+的吸附过程符合拟二级反应动力学方程;吸附类型符合Langmuir等温吸附模型,最大吸附量为86.17 mg/g。     

竹炭对水溶液中Cd(Ⅱ)的吸附研究

研究了竹炭对溶液中Cd (Ⅱ) 的吸附行为.考察了酸处理、pH值、竹碳与溶液的接触时间、投料量、吸附温度和Cd (Ⅱ)的初始浓度对吸附的影响.结果表明竹炭对镉离子的吸附是放热过程,并且符合Freundlich吸附模型,在初始浓度为15 mg·L-1、最佳酸度及287K条件下,未经处理的竹炭饱和吸附量达到11.0 mg·g-1,增加竹碳的用量,镉离子吸附率可达99%以上.     

天然高岭土对Pb~(2+),Cd~(2+),Ni~(2+),Cu~(2+)的吸附及解吸性能研究

探讨了吸附时间、溶液pH、重金属离子初始质量浓度、离子强度以及竞争吸附等因素对天然高岭土吸附水中Pb2+,Cd2+,Ni2+,Cu2+等重金属离子的影响.结果表明,pH、初始质量浓度、离子强度以及共存离子,是影响高岭土吸附重金属离子的主要因素;高岭土对Pb2+的吸附性能明显优于其它3种重金属离子,顺序为:Pb2+＞Cd2+＞Ni2+＞Cu2+;吸附等温线均符合Freundlich型等温方程,说明高岭土对这几种离子都是典型的单分子层吸附;Pb2+,Cd2+,Ni2+,Cu2+离子解吸量大小顺序为:Pb2+＜Ni2+＜Cu2+＜Cd2+.     

海藻酸钙包覆聚苯乙烯磺酸钠软胶囊去除废水中Cu2+和Cd2+

采用滴定-固化包裹法制备得到以海藻酸钙(Alg)为壳,内包聚苯乙烯磺酸钠溶液(PSSA)的椭球状软胶囊 (PSSA@Alg软胶囊),用其吸附溶液中的Cu(II)和Cd(II).结果表明: PSSA@ Alg 软胶囊对溶液中Cu(II)和Cd(II) 的吸附量随溶液 pH 升高而增大,吸附过程包括表面吸附和固态海藻酸钙壳内缓慢扩散, 符合拟二级动力学模型, 分别在约240,360 min时达到吸附平衡;等温吸附数据与Langmuir模型拟合良好,25 ℃ 条件下,PSSA@Alg软胶囊 对Cu(II)和Cd(II)的最大吸附量分别为143.92,193.64 mg·g^-1． 海藻酸钙上的羧基和聚苯乙烯磺酸钠上的磺酸基 团在重金属离子吸附过程中起重要作用．     

SiO_2-Ag(Ag_2S)介孔纳米微球的制备与表征

以三乙醇胺为催化剂,十六烷基三甲基溴化铵(CTAB)为模板剂,通过硅烷四乙酯(TEOS)和3-巯丙基三乙氧基硅烷(MPTES)共水解,成功制备了巯基功能化介孔二氧化硅纳米微球.用盐酸-乙醇混合溶液去除模板后,这种介孔纳米微球能有效吸附银离子,进一步反应得到SiO2-Ag和SiO2-Ag2S复合纳米微球.用X射线衍射、透射电子显微镜、热分析以及紫外-可见光谱表征了微球形貌、结构与性能.这种复合纳米微球平均粒径约70nm,Ag2S微粒小于10nm且担载于SiO2微球表面,而Ag量子点则包覆于介孔硅的内部,在350nm到700nm范围呈现明显的宽吸收.另外,这两种复合纳米微球作为无机抗菌剂都表现出良好的抗菌性能.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Jane Eyre——A Feminist In The 19th Century

In the 19th century the society was controlled by men, and women were just appendants of them, they had not any rights and freedom. But Jane was an exception, she showed some characteristics of early feminist. Jane showed her characteristics of feminism in three aspects: rebellion, equality, and independence. These characteristics were helpful to her success, and feminism is the only way out for women of that time.     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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