基于二氧化锆/纳米金溶胶凝胶膜固定辣根过氧化物酶的H2O2生物传感器的研制

将辣根过氧化物酶(HRP)、二氧化锆溶胶凝胶、纳米金按一定的比例混合,成功制备了以二氧化锆/纳米金溶胶凝胶为载体的性能优良的过氧化氢生物传感.二氧化锆溶胶凝胶具有良好的生物相容性,并提供了良好的微环境保持HPR的生物活性.纳米金与HPR形成静电复合物,有效促进了酶与电极表面的电子传递.该生物传感器性能优良,线性范围为7·0μmol/L至3·9mmol/L,检测下限为4·0μmol/L.最后探讨了pH、工作电位、干扰物质对生物传感器的影响.     

基于手性金纳米粒子圆二色光谱法识别与检测银离子

采用液相制备方法获得具有光学活性的手性金纳米粒子,通过吸收光谱和圆二色光谱及高分辨透射电镜对手性金纳米粒子进行表征.利用圆二色光谱法建立手性金纳米粒子对Ag~+选择性识别方法,结果表明手性金纳米粒子对Ag~+响应时间仅需12min,手性金纳米粒子能够从13种常见金属离子中选择性识别Ag~+,并对多种常见金属离子具有较好的抗干扰能力,检测灵敏度高并且具有良好的重现性.所建立标准曲线线性范围为0.2~30μmol/L,线性相关系数R~2=0.995(n=15),Ag+的检测限为0.2μmol/L;为环境水样中Ag~+的识别和检测提供了一种简单、精确、快速、环境友好的新方法.     

基于双配体稳定的金纳米簇荧光检测生物硫醇

生物硫醇在生物系统中起着关键的作用,对生物硫醇快速灵敏准确的检测对于一些疾病的临床诊断具有重要意义.提出一种基于双配体稳定的金纳米簇的合成过程用于快速检测生物硫醇的荧光分析方法.以巯基十一烷酸(MUA)和L-丝氨酸(L-Ser)为配体能够快速制备得到荧光金纳米簇,合成的金簇在600 nm处有明显的强荧光发射峰.在金簇的合成过程中,当体系存在生物硫醇时,金簇的荧光会发生猝灭,荧光猝灭的程度与生物硫醇的浓度相关.该检测方法对于半胱氨酸的检测线性范围在8. 3 133. 3μmol/L,检测限为1. 09μmol/L.该分析方法不仅能够快速制备得到荧光金纳米簇,且具有较好的灵敏度和选择性,并将材料制备和目标物分析两个过程相结合,有效缩短了分析时间,提高了检测效率.另外,该方法在人血清中表现出良好的检测结果,说明该检测方法的具有较好的实用性.     

生物相容性石墨烯纳米复合物修饰电极的制备及其电化学性能

以石墨烯、对氨基苯甲酸重氮盐和氯金酸为原料,制备了一种具有独特性质的金纳米粒子/石墨烯复合材料,利用红外光谱和紫外可见光谱表征了其光学性质,利用TEM表征了其结构性质.将葡萄糖氧化酶吸附到金纳米粒子/石墨烯复合材料表面,制得了一种葡萄糖氧化酶修饰电极,利用循环伏安法检测了所获得的修饰电极的电化学性质,并研究了其对葡萄糖的电化学催化性能.结果表明,葡萄糖浓度(x)与响应电流(y)呈线性关系,y=5.223x-2.652,R=0.976,线性范围为1.4～6.2μmol/L,检出限为0.2μmol/L(RS/N=3).     

纳米金修饰电极和探针载体的DNA电化学发光分析方法研究

提出以纳米金修饰电极和以纳米金粒子作DNA探针载体的电化学发光检测DNA新方法.首先将纳米金自组装在金电极上,再将含巯基的目标ss-DNA固定于纳米金修饰的电极上,然后与以纳米金粒子作载体的电化学发光DNA探针进行杂交反应,将此电极做工作电极,在含有三丙胺的溶液中进行电化学发光测量.在选定实验条件下,检测囊肿纤维DNA片断(20 base)的线性范围为1.0×10-12~1.0×10-9mol/L,相关系数为0.9954,检出限为5.0×10-13mol/L.实验结果表明,纳米金具有较大的比表面积,可增强DNA在电极上的固定量,从而增强电化学发光检测信号,提高方法的灵敏度.     

用于葡萄糖检测的化学响应电荷转移等离激元（英文）

基于银离子焊接法和种子生长法,在金纳米二聚体的粒间间隙处引入银,成功制备了金-银双金属等离激元纳米结构.由于葡萄糖的酶促触发氧化反应产生的H_2O_2对银导电结点的蚀刻作用,该结构的电荷转移等离激元(CTP)对葡萄糖有很好的响应,基于此,可将其应用于葡萄糖的检测.主要研究了葡萄糖浓度与CTP峰强度、波长和表面增强拉曼光谱(SERS)强度之间的关系,以及传感器的选择性.实验结果表明,该方法灵敏度高、选择性好;葡萄糖浓度分别在0.5～4 mol/L和4～10μmol/L两个浓度范围内与CTP强度变化值存在线性关系,检测限(3σ法)为0.2μmol/L;并且,肉眼检测葡萄糖可以达到微摩尔水平;SERS信号变化值与葡萄糖浓度在1～10μmol/L范围内也存在很好的线性关系.     

黄铜矿/纳米铜熔融盐修饰的电化学传感器对二羟基苯异构体的检测性能

二羟基苯异构体,如对苯二酚（HQ）和邻苯二酚（CC）,具有高毒性且难降解,对环境造成很大污染。本文以黄铜矿和纳米铜为基底原料,通过熔融盐法制备黄铁矿/纳米铜复合材料,并制备电化学传感器,用于同时检测邻苯二酚及对苯二酚。通过对形貌表征及性能测试,优化黄铁矿和纳米铜掺杂比例、制备温度、电解质溶液pH值等参数,制备出性能优良的电化学传感器。利用定电位方法确定邻苯二酚和对苯二酚检测的线性范围分别为10～800μmol/L和3～800μmol/L,检测限分别为0.5μmol/L和1.0μmol/L。所制备的黄铜矿/纳米铜电化学传感器响应速度快,使用寿命较长。既为酚类物质电化学传感器提供性能优良的基础材料,又为黄铜矿的高附加值应用提供新的研究领域。     

基于二茂铁/纳米金修饰碳糊电极的葡萄糖生物传感器

在碳糊电极上利用溶胶-凝胶法固定葡萄糖氧化酶,并用金纳米颗粒进行修饰,二茂铁作为电子传递介质,制作用于测量人体血浆中葡萄糖的生物传感器。实验结果表明:制得的葡萄糖传感器的响应时间仅为3 s,线性测量范围为3.4~17.7 mmol/L,通过金纳米颗粒的修饰,增大了检测的线性范围,提高了传感器的灵敏度,葡萄糖传感器的灵敏度从42.48μA/(mol.L-1)提高到1.157 6 mA/(mol.L-1)。     

NAD+在纳米金胶上的组装、表征及其应用研究

将NAD+ 固定在纳米金胶 半胱胺修饰的金电极表面构建一种新型的纳米仿生功能界面 ,用电化学交流阻抗、反射紫外 可见光谱和电化学分析法对其组装过程以及活性进行了表征 .基于这种功能界面构建的新型酶生物传感器对乳酸的电催化响应呈现良好的线性 ,米氏常数为 8.8μmol/L ,检测限为 6.0× 1 0 -8mol/L (S/N =3) ,且对NAD+ 的再生和对乳酸的电化学响应机理进行了研究     

基于纳米金表面等离子体的高灵敏过氧化氢光学检测方法

在酸性2-吗啉乙磺酸介质中,建立基于纳米金表面等离子体的微量过氧化氢(H2O2)的比色检测体系,探讨裸眼检测途径下的分辨极限,提高体系稳定性并利用光谱分析精确定量H2O2浓度(c).结果表明,当c100μmol/L时,纳米金为团聚态,呈现蓝色;c120μmol/L时,纳米金为分散态,呈现红色.该方法的裸眼检测极限可分辨浓度差为20μmol/L.反应溶液的显色结果并不稳定,在反应后45 min内变化较快,c为60~100μmol/L的反应溶液也将逐渐由蓝色变为红色.溶液在570 nm处的吸光度(OD570)检测证明,反应体系在检测后3 h内仍持续变化.反应10 min后,加入适量半胱甘肽终止反应,可使反应溶液的显色结果稳定,提高体系稳定性.实验测定不同浓度H2O2反应产物的吸收光谱发现,c100μmol/L的反应孔产物在波长约550 nm处有吸收峰,且吸收强度与c成正相关.而c120μmol/L的反应产物吸收峰逐渐往短波长方向偏移,最终峰值约为540 nm.分析反应体系吸收光谱结果证明,各反应产物在630 nm和545 nm处吸光度的比值(OD630/545)与c呈良好的线性关系.实验对c为100~120μmol/L的H2O2溶液进行检测,定量浓度差为2μmol/L的H2O2溶液,降低裸眼检测途径下该方法的分辨极限,为微量样品检测提供更好的平台.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.