独居石稀土精矿加焦煤的高温脱磷研究

基于未来工业应用,对独居石稀土精矿加焦煤的高温脱磷进行了研究.结果表明,焦煤是独居石精矿的有效脱磷剂之一;独居石中的磷被焦煤脱除的主要温度范围为1 200～1 400℃;独居石加焦煤球团在1 400℃焙烧2 h,脱磷率达到了96.5%;焙烧温度是影响独居石脱磷的主要因素,焙烧时间超过1 h后对独居石脱磷率提高不是很明显;焦煤的粒度对独居石的脱磷率也有较大影响,焦煤粒度最好在150μm左右;当温度小于1 500℃时,Fe和Fe2O3对独居石焦煤球团的脱磷几乎没有影响.     

高磷铁水预处理环保脱磷渣系的相图计算和实验研究

采用FactsageTM软件对以B2O3、K2O、MnO2、TiO2代替CaF2助熔的4种高磷铁水预处理脱磷渣系在1 623 K时的相图进行计算,发现相图中的多数区域都有液态渣出现.根据计算相图制定脱磷实验的配渣方案,实验过程中观察到的化渣情况与计算相图提供的信息基本一致.     

中磷铁水脱磷预处理研究与应用

本文对w[P]为0.30%左右的中磷铁水进行了脱磷预处理研究。分别研究固定剂CaO、氧化剂Fe3O4、助熔剂CaF2和CaCl2组分的配比对脱磷效率的影响,确定了最适合预处理中磷铁水的工艺条件和参数。     

助熔剂种类与配比对高磷铁水脱磷渣高温性能的影响

分别以CaF2和B2O3为助熔剂,在实验室条件下研究了助熔剂种类与配比对脱磷渣熔点的影响,并测定了脱磷渣在不同温度下的黏度值.结果表明,以CaF2为助熔剂时,在保证脱磷渣熔点较低和流动性较好的同时,为了减轻设备腐蚀和环境污染程度,脱磷渣中CaF2与CaO的质量分数比值以0.50为最佳;以B2O3作为助熔剂时,只有当脱磷渣中B2O3与CaO的质量分数比值达到0.16时,助熔效果才比较明显.     

高磷赤铁矿采用 CaCl2气化脱磷的试验研究

对高磷赤铁矿在烧结过程中添加CaCl2气化脱磷进行热力学分析,并通过微型烧结试验对影响气化脱磷率的因素进行研究。结果表明,在烧结过程中添加CaCl2可以使高磷赤铁矿中的 P元素以 PCl3气体形式随烧结废气排出;气化脱磷率受配碳量、加热温度、C aC l2加入量、矿石碱度等因素影响;当配碳量为4％、加热温度为900℃、CaCl2加入量为1．36％、通过添加白灰使矿石碱度增加到1．2时,脱磷率可以达到18．3％。     

高磷赤铁矿采用CaCl_2气化脱磷的试验研究

对高磷赤铁矿在烧结过程中添加CaCl2气化脱磷进行热力学分析,并通过微型烧结试验对影响气化脱磷率的因素进行研究。结果表明,在烧结过程中添加CaCl2可以使高磷赤铁矿中的P元素以PCl3气体形式随烧结废气排出;气化脱磷率受配碳量、加热温度、CaCl2加入量、矿石碱度等因素影响;当配碳量为4%、加热温度为900℃、CaCl2加入量为1.36%、通过添加白灰使矿石碱度增加到1.2时,脱磷率可以达到18.3%。     

高磷铁水预脱硅试验研究

试验研究了反应温度、氧化剂用量、脱硅渣碱度和铁水初始硅含量对高磷铁水预脱硅效果的影响.结果表明,铁水硅含量在加入脱硅剂后5 min内迅速降低;低温有利于脱硅,在反应温度为1 350 ℃时,铁水脱硅率达到94.32%;增加氧化剂用量,不仅能提高铁水脱硅率,还能提高铁水脱磷率;将脱硅渣碱度控制在0.6～0.8,既能提高铁水脱硅率,又能抑制锰的氧化,还可以改善脱硅渣的流动性、减少泡沫渣;铁水初始硅含量较高时,其脱硅率虽然得到提高,但终点硅含量也较高,且渣量大幅度增加.     

铁水同时脱磷脱硫的最佳氧位与电位

利用ZrO_2·MgO固体电解质定氧探头测定了实验1kg级铁水喷吹CaO系熔剂同时脱磷脱硫处理过程中反应初始和终了的铁水氧位,并进行了热力学分析。测定的初始氧位范围为Po_2=10~(-8)·45～10~(-9)·75Pa(10~(-13)·46～10~(-14)·70atm),比按C/O、Si/O平衡反应计算的氧位提高1～3个数量级,测定的终了氧位范围为Po_2=10~(-7)～10~(-9)Pa(10~(-12)～10~(-14)atm),比初始氧位提高1～3个数量级,与热力学计算的最佳氧位值(Po_2=10~(-7.88)·Pa(10~(-12.88)·atm))吻合良好。结果表明,随铁水终了氧位升高,脱磷率增加、终了磷含量下降,脱硫率则稍有降低、终了硫含量稍微升高。此外,还从电化学上对同时脱磷脱硫处理的最佳氧位—电位区域进行了分析,并探讨了铁水罐喷吹脱磷脱硫处理的反应机理。     

BaO-CaO基精炼渣对含铬铁水的氧化脱磷

在氩气保护气氛的MoSi2炉内,进行了BaO-CaO基精炼渣对不同初始碳含量的含铬铁水氧化脱磷实验研究.实验结果发现,含铬铁水的初始碳质量分数在3%-4%时,脱磷效果最好,在1 500℃时,脱磷率可达60%以上;氧化脱磷温度对脱磷率影响显著,随着温度的升高,脱磷率显著下降,脱磷温度宜控制在1 500-1 550℃;含铬铁水几乎没有铬损,初始碳含量较高的炉次出现了增铬现象.     

转炉铁水预处理脱磷的基础理论分析

通过对转炉铁水预处理脱磷过程中选择性氧化的热力学和动力学分析,并结合首钢京唐公司300 t脱磷转炉的生产数据,研究熔池中铁、硅、锰、碳、磷的氧化过程,讨论影响磷在渣铁间分配比以及脱磷速率的主要因素.研究表明,将转炉铁水预处理温度控制在较低范围内（1 300～1 350 ℃）,选择具有合适碱度（1.7～2.5）和成渣快的造渣工艺,并结合高的底吹搅拌强度（≥0.2 Nm3/(t·min)）,这是实现脱磷保碳、提高脱磷速率、加快生产节奏的有效途径.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.