嗜热菌分离筛选及分子分类初探

从厦门周边地区温泉采集得到样品,在75℃和80℃的温度下进行培养并分离得到60株嗜热菌.为了从大量的菌株中筛选出不同的菌株,有效地简化筛选过程,应用了细菌全蛋白SDS-PAGE电泳、RAPD和16S-23S rDNA间隔区比较分析等分子生物学方法从中筛选得到7株种属不同的嗜热菌,并进一步运用16S rDNA序列分析鉴定其种属关系,为深入研究奠定了基础.     

广西象州温泉嗜热菌的分离与鉴定

采集广西象州温泉水样,用常规的稀释涂布法分离和纯化嗜热菌,并选择其中1株编号为XZ2K 2的菌株进行形态观察、生理生化鉴定和16S rDNA序列分析。结果从温泉水中分离得到9个菌株,XZ2K 2菌株的革兰氏染色阳性,无芽孢,细胞呈杆状,最适生长温度为70~75℃,最适的生长pH值为7.0~7.5.初步鉴定该菌株为布氏栖热菌(T herm us brockianus)。     

具有抑菌和抗氧化活性紫金牛内生菌的筛选鉴定

以紫金牛(Ardisia japonica)为材料,采用划线法筛选到13株具有抑菌活性的内生菌.其中1株对大肠杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌和枯草芽孢杆菌均具有抑菌活性,且抑菌活性较优的紫金牛内生菌初步鉴定为近平滑假丝酵母菌.筛选获得20株具有抗氧化活性的紫金牛内生菌,其中3株内生真菌对DPPH自由基的清除率高于90%,抗氧化活性较优的2株内生菌初步鉴定分别为芽孢杆菌和小孢拟盘多毛孢.内生菌茎8发酵液的抑菌活性在低于80℃、pH 5～9条件下,具有较好的稳定性.内生菌PDA-ZJNR5发酵液在pH 5～7、低于80℃条件下,具有良好的DPPH清除能力.内生菌茎8发酵液和PDA-ZJNR5发酵液对紫外线具有良好的耐受性.     

异淀粉酶性质研究

以兰州市淀粉厂附近土壤中分离到的地衣状芽孢杆菌 (BacillusLicheniformis)为菌株 ,经过诱变选育出一株高产异淀粉酶菌株 ,并对其产生的异淀粉酶的性质进行了研究 ,结果表明酶作用的最适条件为 5 0℃ ,pH为 6 .8;在 5 0℃以下 ,pH 5 .0～ 8.0条件下较稳定 ;酶活性受Ca2 + 、Mg2 + 、Mn2 + 激活 ,Mn2 + 的激活作用较强 ,但受到Fe2 + 和Cu2 + 的严重抑制 .     

庐江汤池温泉中首个嗜热菌的分离鉴定及特性研究

从安徽庐江汤池中分离得到一株嗜热菌,对其进行分子生物学鉴定、形态特征和生理生化特性研究,为其在以后的科学研究及工业应用方面提供参考。采用高温培养筛选得到一株嗜热菌,通过测定该菌的16S rRNA基因序列、进行序列比对和构建系统发育树、菌落和菌体形态的观察确定该菌的分类学地位,并利用非发酵细菌生化鉴定管研究该菌的生化特性。该菌株为首次从庐江汤池温泉水中分离得到的一株嗜热菌,命名为LJTC-1。该菌属于革兰氏阳性高温放线菌属,呈分枝丝状;其在氧化酶试验中呈阳性,在七叶苷试验中呈阴性,可利用木糖,最适宜生长pH约为7.5,最高耐受温度为74℃。LJTC-1菌株属于高温放线菌,能耐受74℃的高温,可为后期研究其与亲缘关系相近嗜热菌的高温酶之间差异提供理论依据。     

嗜热细菌耐热机理及其应用

嗜热细菌是指在55℃以上的环境中能够生存繁殖的细菌。主要分布于温泉、堆肥、厩肥等高温环境中。中度嗜热细菌如一些嗜热的芽孢杆菌,其最高生长温度约为75℃。高度嗜热菌如栖热属(Thermus)的细菌其最高生长温度至少可达120℃。显然,这些高温条件对于一般的蛋白质、核酸等生物大分子来说足以使它们变性。嗜热细菌能够在这     

一株来源于深海热液区嗜热细菌的分离及鉴定

从西南印度洋热液区沉积物样品中分离纯化获得一株中度嗜热产芽孢杆菌,命名为M6.菌株M6为革兰氏阳性菌,短杆状,可成对.菌株M6的生长温度为35～65 ℃(最适生长温度60 ℃),生长pH为6.5～8.5(最适生长pH为7.0～8.0),生长NaCl质量分数为0～4%(最适NaCl质量分数为2%),生长盐度为0～80人工海水(最适盐度为40).16S rRNA基因相似性分析表明,菌株M6属于不产氧芽孢杆菌属(Anoxybacillus),与Anoxybacillus rupiensis菌株同源性最高,达99%;但16S～23S rDNA 间隔区PCR扩增分析表明,该菌与同属菌株有较大差异.通过以上形态学、生理特征以及分子生物学鉴定,认为菌株M6为不产氧芽孢杆菌属的菌株.另外,菌株M6可分泌胞外高温淀粉酶.菌株M6胞内含有内生质粒,其大小约为10 kb,命名为pAB01.     

偶氮染料脱色优势细菌的初步研究

从黄河泥土、小清河淤泥样品中分离、筛选到了5株对偶氮染料具有脱色优势的细菌.5株细菌初步鉴定结果分别为:DRBD-6属于奈瑟氏球菌科中的不动杆菌属,DRGD-3属于芽孢杆菌科芽孢杆菌属,DBGD-3属于弧菌科气单胞菌属,DOⅡD-1属于弧菌科邻单胞菌属,DYGD-4属于假单胞菌科假单胞菌属.以温度、pH值、时间设计的正交实验优化了DRBD-6菌和DYGD-4菌的脱色条件,结果表明,它们的最佳脱色条件分别是pH值为7,温度为42℃,时间为24 h和pH值为7,温度为37℃,时间为12 h.     

一株耐高温α-淀粉酶生产茵的分离鉴定及其产酶条件优化

作者从四川成都及其周边地区的淀粉厂,米厂,面粉厂等样品采集地的土样和污水当中筛选到16株酶活较高的野生型-α淀粉酶生产茵,其中一株编号为C-1的茵株酶活最高,液体发酵酶活达到20 U/mL.这株茵能在高温(50℃)下生长良好.在电子显微镜观察,有明显芽孢,生理生化常规鉴定为枯草芽孢杆茵(B.subtilis),进一步的16S rDNA分子鉴定确定该茵属于枯草芽孢杆菌,命名为B.subtilis C-1.并对B.subtilis C-1的产酶条件进行优化.     

产果胶酸裂解酶的耐盐碱性菌株分离及培养条件

从江苏省沿海滩涂国家丹顶鹤自然保护区盐碱土样中,分离得到一株果胶酸裂解酶产生菌ZQX8,经形态、生理生化特征和16S rDNA鉴定,初步鉴定为枯草芽孢杆菌.该株菌的最佳培养条件为37℃、pH 6.5、0.1～0.25 mol/L NaCl,但在pH 7～9之间,0.5～1.0 mol/L NaCl浓度下仍然能较好的生长,表现出一定的耐盐性和耐碱性.该菌分泌的胞外果胶酸裂解酶的最佳底物为果胶酸,在培养基中酶活达到4 U/mL.该果胶酸裂解酶在40～60℃,pH 8～10的碱性条件下酶活较高,在600 mmol/L NaCl存在的条件下,也能保持较高的酶活,显示该酶具有一定的耐碱性和耐盐性.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.