铂化微酶电极低极化电位下催化H2O2的能力

铂丝电极经铂化处理后,将３位取代的吡咯衍生物（３－羰基丁酸吡咯）与单体吡咯以适当的比例混合,与葡萄糖氧化酶（ＧＯＤ）一起用循环伏安法共聚合到铂化的铂丝电极上,形成杂聚吡咯／ＧＯＤ膜,制成微葡萄糖酶电极。酶电极在低的极化电位下对Ｈ２Ｏ２有较高的灵敏度,电极的稳定性良好,间断测定３个月,灵敏度仍达原来的７０％左右。     

电聚合吡咯膜修饰的葡萄糖氧化酶电极

自制的铂丝电极经铂化处理后,将葡萄糖氧化酶与单体吡咯用循环伏安法共聚合到电极上,铂化后电极表面积的增大增加了固定的酶量,同时也增大了电极对Ｈ２Ｏ２的催化能力,使电极对葡萄糖的响应电流增大到７．５ｍＡ／（ｍｏｌ·Ｌ＾－１）,还测试了聚合液中酶浓度、ｐＨ值和聚合时间等因素对电极特性的影响。     

聚吡咯膜电极对茜素红的电催化作用

用循环伏安法研究了电化学聚合的聚吡咯（ＰＰｙ）膜电极对茜素红电极反应的电催化活性。在聚吡咯膜电极上，茜素红的阳极氧化电流比在铂电极上增加数倍。相应的阴极过程也较铂电极显出一定的催化活性。茜素红在铂电极上和ＰＰｙ膜电极上都显示了吸附现象。在ＰＰｙ膜电极上用电位扫描法载入一定的铂微粒时，载铂微粒的ＰＰｙ膜电极上茜素红的电催化电流进一步增加．在较高的电位和扫描速率下更为明显；但载入的铂微粒过多时，则使电流峰变平坦。     

固定化条件对葡萄糖酶电极响应性能的影响

用微铂盘电极和交联法制得的酶膜构成葡萄糖酶电极，测定其电流响应特性，研究了酶的固定化条件：酶含量以及载体蛋白和交联剂的用量等，对响应特性的影响。提出较适宜的酶电极制备方法，并检测了所得的电极在不同ｐＨ溶液中的灵敏度，指出其最佳操作条件。     

尿酸在过氧化聚吡咯膜修饰电极上的伏安行为

研究了尿酸在过氧化聚吡咯（OPPY）膜修饰电极上的伏安行为和渗透选择性,在酸性介质中,未离解的尿酸在该化学修饰电极上呈现出较强的渗透能力.通过适当地阳极活化基础电极和过氧化处理聚吡咯膜,尿酸在该修饰电极上的电流响应灵敏度大幅度提高,该修饰电极对尿酸的伏安响应在4.0×10     

PW12-MWCNT-PPY/GC修饰电极的制备及电化学性质研究

采用电聚合方法在玻碳电极上制备了Keggin型磷钨酸-多壁碳纳米管-聚吡咯(PW12-MWCNT-PPy)复合物膜修饰电极,并探讨了该电极对NO2-的电催化还原和电化学行为。实验结果表明,该电极对NO2-响应速度快,检测灵敏度高。NO2-在2.1μmol.L-1～1.3 mmol.L-1浓度范围内,与修饰电极上的稳态安培响应电流呈线性关系,检测限为0.62μmol.L-1(S/N=3).该修饰电极用于腌菜中亚硝酸根离子的测定,回收率在95%～99%之间。     

电流型聚吡咯碘离子化学修饰电极的制备与性能研究

本文在玻碳电极（GCE）表面上修饰了一层导电聚合物──聚吡咯（PPy）薄膜,用循环伏安法制备了新型的基于电流响应的碘离子掺杂的聚吡略修饰电极;研究了电极的电化学特性。此修饰电极对碘离子的响应是基于碘离子在PPy膜与电解质溶液中的掺杂平衡以及PPy膜中的碘离子在修饰电极表面的氧化还原过程;制成的电流型电极对5．0×10-2～1．0×10－5mol／L的碘离子呈良好的线性响应关系,检测下限为6．0×10－6mol／L,具有线性范围广,性能稳定的特点。     

电聚吡咯固定化酪氨酸酶电极的制备及性能

用恒电位法在电化学聚合吡咯的同时，将酪氨酸酶固定在导电聚吡咯膜内，制成一种灵敏、稳定的酪氨酸酶电极。讨论了溶液ｐ Ｈ 值和聚合电位对酶固定化的影响，对酶分子嵌入前后吡咯膜的 Ｓ Ｅ Ｍ 图和 Ｃ Ｖ 曲线进行了分析和比较。该电极响应对甲苯酚的线性范围为５ ．０ ×１０ － ８ ～１ ．０ ×１０ － ６ ｍｏｌ· Ｌ－ １ ，最适ｐ Ｈ 值为６ ．６ ，酶反应表观上遵循 Ｍｉｃｈａｅｌｉｓ＿ Ｍｅｎｔｅｎ 动力学，表观米氏常数为２ ．２ ×１０ － ５ ｍｏｌ· Ｌ－ １ 。     

亚硝基聚吡咯修饰离子选择性电极的制备及电化学性能

用循环伏安法（CV）制备了聚吡咯亚硝酸根离子选择性电极。表征了电极的电化学性能。在1．0x10－1～5．0x10－5mol／L浓度范围内，电极电位与亚硝酸根离子浓度成良好的线性关系，Nernst响应科率为51mv／PNO2－。观察了NO2-在PPy膜中掺杂＝去掺杂过程，从而验证了电极响应是基于掺杂机理。     

葡萄糖氧化酶多层膜修饰电极的电化学性能的研究

利用层接层自组装法,制备出有序且稳定的葡萄糖氧化酶的多层膜.应用电化学方法和XRD方法研究了膜修饰电极的电化学传感性能.结果表明:该传感器具有较好的重现性和稳定性,传感器对葡萄糖的响应非常迅速;每次加入葡萄糖后,电极的电流响应会随之出现跳跃性增大,酶电极达到96%,稳态电流响应的时间仅为3 s;灵敏度可以通过合理地调解多层膜的厚度来控制.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.