RED-PD算法的仿真研究

随机早期检测(RED:Random Early Detection)是IETF推荐的一种基于路由器有效的主动队列管理算法,但是在某些情况下,一些数据量很大的数据流会大量占用带宽,从而导致了各流量之间带宽分配的不公平性,甚至产生拥塞崩溃。对M ahajan提出的一种基于RED分组丢弃历史的AQM(Active Queue M anagem ent)算法RED-PD(RED w ith Preferential D ropp ing)进行了深入研究。该算法通过对被检测出的高带宽流的数据包采用提前丢弃的策略,实现带宽分配的公平性。通过仿真发现了RED-PD算法的自适应性,表明此算法有更高的理论和实用价值。     

基于公平策略的核心无状态公平队列算法

提出了一种基于公平策略的CSFQ (Core-Stateless Fair Queueing )算法,通过动态阈值缓存管理机制,根据缓冲资源的占用率和数据流的到达速率共同决定丢包概率,减少了无谓、不公平丢包现象.根据非响应流UDP数据包空间分布特点,当网络拥塞时增加CHOKe机制对缓存进行管理,有效解决了响应流TCP和非响应流UDP之间的不公平问题.NS仿真实验表明,该算法在现实网络环境下能显著提高缓冲资源的利用率,保证了带宽在TCP、UDP数据流之间的公平分配.     

基于博弈论的命名数据网络拥塞控制策略

为解决命名数据网络中的拥塞控制问题,提出一种博弈拥塞控制算法。将路由器为数据流分配带宽问题构建成单主多从的Stackelberg博弈模型,建立路由器和数据流的效用函数,证明数据流非合作动态博弈纳什均衡解的存在性,运用分布式迭代方法,获得数据流最优带宽需求量和路由器最优价格策略,通过数据包将数据流最优带宽需求量对应的速率反馈给下游路由器和请求端。基于ndnSIM平台对该算法与ICP(interest control protocol)和HR-ICP (hop-by-hop and receiver-driven interest control protocol)算法进行仿真试验,结果表明该算法能有效提升瓶颈链路利用率并保证较低的丢包率。     

片上网络虚通道分配算法

提出了一种可应用于虫孔路由片上网络(NOC)的虚通道分配算法.该算法针对传统的虚通道均匀分配方法导致的面积浪费与功耗上升的缺点,基于排队论建立了一个虫孔路由器分析模型.依据业务流量的特征,可计算路由器各输人通道的带宽利用率,仅给带宽利用率最大的输入通道分配虚通道资源.仿真结果表明,该算法使系统缓冲资源得到了更有效的利用,吞吐量得到了提高.在热点流量中,该算法在达到相同性能的前提下可节省约33.3%的缓冲资源.     

在媒体流调度中改进的DRR算法

提出了模糊控制变权法多因素决策的自适应DRR算法(VWADRR)———一种改进的亏损轮询调度算法(DRR)。算法应用在调度多个媒体数据流队列时。算法基于模糊控制理论中的多因素决策,具体使用了变权法。可以自适应输出信道的带宽和输入队列的缓存余额。变权法根据可用带宽和队列缓存余额这两个因素做出决策,动态地确定DRR中的常量QN。由于考虑了每个数据包发送的时限,降低了每个数据包的延时。使系统在大流量的情况下有效利用缓存和带宽,降低缓存耗光的可能性,同时平滑了突发。     

一种具有带宽公平性的动态队列管理算法

RED动态队列管理算法用于网络节点以避免拥塞产生，同时保证较高的链路利用率，但在某些情况下，RED算法不能避免网络带宽被一些数据流量很大的连接大量占用，从而导致连接间的带宽分配不公平，提出了一种能有效保障各连接间带宽公平性的改进算法，即BF－RED算法，并且分析了该算法的性能。     

一种基于动态时间的无线网络带宽分配机制

无线多跳ad hoc网络的应用面临着巨大的挑战,即在无线资源有限的条件下对用户传输速率进行有效地控制.提出了一种基于动态时间的无线带宽分配机制,这种机制能确保在无线多跳ad hoc网络模型中的各个用户分配到公平带宽资源.在每一跳都能够公平地分配给每个竞争流相应的信道时间比例,依据这些时间比例每一跳为经过自己的所有数据流计算更新速率并且将需要更新的数据流记录在每个数据包头部的某些控制字段.在这种机制中每条数据流的源端能够最终调节它的发送速率来达到它应该占有的公平份额.相应地提出了一种算法去实现上面这种机制.实验证明这种算法能够在多跳数据流中公平地分配带宽.     

基于蚁群算法的无线Mesh网公平路由算法

无线Mesh网的集中式控制结构容易导致网络带宽负载分配的不均衡,为此文中在引入最小每用户平均带宽这一路由公平性评价标准的基础上,提出了一种基于蚁群算法的带宽公平分配路由算法.该算法通过蚂蚁周游的优化功能来最大化最小每用户平均带宽,从而达到平衡流量负载、为每用户提供公平带宽分配的目的.仿真结果表明,与现有算法相比,文中算法的复杂度和平均路径长度有所增加,但带宽分配结果更公平.     

一种改进的核心无状态公平队列调度算法的研究

在核心无状态公平队列调度(CSFQ)算法的基础上,针对其实际实现公平性方面的不足,提出了一种改进的MCSFQ算法。在链路产生拥塞的时候,根据队列长度的变化情况,对公平共享速率进行不同程度的调整,以使得公平共享速率的取值更加合理。仿真实验证明,该算法在保持了CSFQ算法的优点基础上,更进一步地改善了在不同数据流间带宽分配的公平性。     

多协议标记交换网络实现流量工程的路由算法

对多协议标记交换网络中实现流量工程的路由算法进行了研究，提出两种TE(流量工程)路由算法．一种是对Dijkstra算法进行改进的、最小化最大带宽利用率的TE路由算法；另一种是根据链路的使用情况赋权值、并综合考虑带宽和跳数限制的最小权值TE路由算法．最后，对两种算法进行了仿真．结果表明，两种算法能在一定程度上避免对部分链路的过度使用，起到均衡负载分布的作用．     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.