基于IOWHA算子的区间预测模型及应用

针对实际值序列和预测值序列均为区间数的组合预测问题,把区间数的左右端点作为两个独立的时序数列,通过引入诱导有序加权调和平均(IOWHA)算子,分别建立以区间数左右端点的倒数离差相关系数最大化为准则的IOWHA算子的变权系数最优组合预测模型,再通过引入偏好系数把多目标最优化模型转化为单目标最优化模型,并尝试给出各模型最优解的性质.最后利用数据进行分析,并和其他单项预测方法或组合预测方法相比较,从而证明该方法确实能够提高区间预测的精度.     

一类日极端温度的变权系数区间型组合预测模型

为提高日极端温度的预测精确度,提出了一类基于区间数相关度与GIOWHA算子新型区间数组合预测模型。将区间数转化为等价信息的中心和半径,以相关度作为最优准则,构建基于区间数相关度的定权系数区间型组合预测模型。并引入GIOWHA算子,将区间数预测精度作为诱导因子,构建基于区间数相关度与GIOWHA算子的变权系数区间型组合预测模型。并将变权系数区间型组合预测模型应用于日极端温度区间数序列的预测中,实例证明该模型的有效性,并对模型的参数进行了灵敏度分析。     

基于核和精确度的三参数区间灰数预测模型

针对传统灰色预测模型只能解决实数序列和区间灰数序列预测的不足,提出了三参数区间灰数的预测模型.通过定义三参数区间灰数的核和精确度,进而得到三参数区间灰数的核序列、"重心"点序列和精确度序列,从而将三参数区间灰数序列预测转变成实数序列预测,分别对三组序列建立预测模型,在不破坏灰数整体性的前提下,推导还原得到三参数区间灰数的预测模型,并对其进行精度检验,最后用一个实例来验证所建模型的有效性和实用性.     

基于区间数中点及半径的IOWGA算子组合预测模型

构建区间数中点及半径的IOWGA算子最优组合预测模型.引入偏好系数,将多目标的最优模型转变为单目标的最优模型,研究单目标最优模型的定理性质.验证结果表明,基于区间数中点及半径的IOWGA算子组合预测模型优于其他单项预测模型,模型有效.     

基于IOWC-GOWA算子及相对熵的区间型组合预测模型

针对用区间型数据描述不确定现象的组合预测问题,为了提高区间型数据的预测精度,首先采用诱导有序加权连续区间的广义有序加权平均(IOWC-GOWA)算子将区间数集结为实数;然后对集结后的实数进行标准化处理;最后从信息论的角度引入相对熵作为最优准则,提出了基于IOWC-GOWA算子及相对熵的区间型组合预测模型;另外,通过实例分析了该组合预测模型的合理性和有效性;结果表明:该组合预测模型可以有效地提高区间型数据的预测精度,即该模型是合理有效的,并且,参数λ和BUM函数的选取会对模型的预测精度产生一定的影响。     

基于区间数距离和ICOWA算子的变权区间组合预测模型

针对预测值为区间数形式,将区间数距离和诱导连续有序加权平均算子ICOWA结合,以ICOWA算子下实际预测序列与组合预测序列的距离最小为准则,构建了变权组合预测模型,并证明了模型的非劣性.最后,通过实例说明了模型能够有效提高预测精度.     

基于向量投影测度的区间型组合预测模型

区间型组合预测模型的研究核心是确定各单项预测方法的权重。鉴于向量投影是一个综合性测度,既能反映两个向量指标对象之间距离,又能反映他们之间的夹角,本研究提出了一种新的向量标准化投影测度公式。在向量标准化投影测公式的基础上,定义了区间数向量标准化投影测度的概念,用以描述两个区间数向量的接近程度,以组合预测区间数序列和实际区间数序列的标准化投影测度为最优化准则,构建了两个基于投影测度的全新区间型组合预测模型。并通过两个实例进行了分析：（1）与已有文献的组合预测方法的结果作对比研究,验证了本法所构建的组合预测模型的有效性;（2）对我国2010-2022风力发电量序列进行拟合和预测建模,结果表明本法构建的组合预测模型有更好的拟合和预测效果,具有一定的可行性和实用性。     

基于多准则的组合预测模型权重研究及其应用

针对传统组合预测模型大多是通过建立单一准则方程进行优化,而没有更好地考虑各单一模型之间互支持信息带来的不确定性问题,建立基于多准则的组合预测模型权重确定算法。首先,通过建立区间数模型构建样本区间距离并进行相关折算归一化生成样本的基本概率分布BPA(basic probability assignment),作为单一预测模型的初级权重;然后,通过对D-S证据理论进行改进,建立证据可信度、证据精度和证据自冲突系数3个准则分别用于评价单一模型自身精度及其之间互相支持信息,通过对3个准则排序得到综合排序值作为单一模型初级权重的权重调整系数;最后,综合多时刻数据归一化后确定单一模型的最终权重用于组合预测。研究结果表明:经过权重调整后的组合预测精度得到显著提高,且经过调整系数R调整后的不变权组合预测模型最优。     

基于区间数距离的区间组合预测模型

针对预测值为区间数形式,引入区间数距离,提出一种确定区间组合预测权系数的方法.给出两个区间序列的距离公式,以实际观测序列与组合预测序列的距离最小为准则,建立规划模型,求解得到权系数.最后,通过实例,证明模型能够有效提高预测的精度.     

基于时变权重的区间时间序列组合预测模型构造

时变权重组合预测模型可以有效反映各预测方法在各时刻点上的预测值对组合预测结果的影响,并可以提高预测精度,基于此,针对区间数时间序列构造组合预测模型的问题,提出一类构造区间数时变权重方法;该方法主要是在3种实数的时变权重求解方法基础上构造相应的3种区间数时变权重,并利用所得出的时变权重构造区间时间序列组合预测模型;为验证该模型的准确性,应用具体算例对模型加以实现,并通过区间预测误差度量指标验证该类模型的预测结果;结果发现:基于3种时变权重求解方法下的区间时间序列组合预测模型均优于各单个方法的预测结果,且基于最优化赋权法得到的时变权重区间组合预测结果的精确度较另外两种有所提高。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.