绒山蝠的核型和C带初步研究

本文用骨髓细胞研究了绒山蝠(Nyctalus veluiinus)的核型和C带,结果表明,其二倍体数为36(2n=36,FN=50),由7对大型中着丝粒染色体,1对小型亚中着丝粒染色体,和9对中小型近端着丝粒染色体组成。C带处理显示,常染色体主要显示着丝粒区深染,性染色体则和许多另外的哺乳动物类似,染色很深。本文根据夜山蝠和绒山蝠核型的明显不同及两者外型等的差异,作者认为Allen将绒山蝠单独命名为N.velutinus新种是恰当的。     

西南鼠耳蝠7种组织乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)同工酶的比较

采用聚丙烯酰胺不连续凝胶垂直板电泳和日本岛津CS9000双波长薄层扫描仪,研究了西南鼠耳蝠7种组织的乳酸脱氢酶同工酶（LDH）,结果表明：西南鼠耳蝠7种组织LDH同工酶谱有较大的差异,其分布和含量具有组织特异性。     

折翼蝠和鲁氏菊头蝠血液有形成分的研究

对折翼蝠和鲁氏菊头蝠血液的有形成分的数量、直径和各种白细胞百分式等项参数进行了测定。分析所测的各项参数，每一个种内的雄雌之间均无显著性差异；两个种的各项参数的平均值与毛腿鼠耳蝠的相应参数比较，两两之间也无显著性差异。这厂种被推测为有较强的抗病能力的蝙蝠的红细胞计数和淋巴细胞的百分含量均高于猴属和人类的相应数值，均有显著性差异（Ｐ〈０．０１）；而嗜中性细胞的百分含量低于猴属和人类的相应数值，也有显著     

小菊头蝠和单角菊头蝠分类地位的探讨

小菊头蝠、单角菊头蝠和角菊头蝠在形态上甚相似,关于小菊头蝠和单角菊头蝠的分类地位问题存有不同观点.通过分析细胞色素b基因全序列探讨了小菊头蝠和单角菊头蝠的分类地位.应用MEGGA 2软件计算出小菊头蝠与单角菊头蝠之间的未修正序列分歧仅为1.2%～1.4%,二者与角菊头蝠之间的未修正序列分歧分别为2.5%～3.0%和2.1%～2.5%,未达到种间分歧值,因此认为小菊头蝠、单角菊头蝠和角菊头蝠应为同一种,并支持Ellerman(1951)和Koopman(1993)的观点:小菊头蝠和单角菊头蝠是角菊头蝠的两个亚种.同时计算出小菊头蝠和单角菊头蝠最早从角菊头蝠中分化出来的时间大约在136.7万年前.     

中菊头蝠和折翼蝠组织乳酸脱氢酶同工酶的研究

以聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳法,测定了中菊头蝠（Ｒｈｉｎｏｌｏｐｈｕｓａｆｆｉｎｉｓ）和折翼蝠（Ｍｉｎｉｏｐｔｅｒｕｓｓｃｈｒｅｉｂｅｒｓｉ）的心脏、肝、胃、肾脏、骨骼肌和脑等６种组织乳酸脱氢酶（ｌａｃｔａｔｅｄｅｈｙｄｒｏｇｅｎａｓｅ,ＬＤＨ）同工酶．结果显示：①ＬＤＨ同工酶在不同动物的不同组织中表达各异;②出现了骨骼肌中Ｂ亚基含量显著高于Ａ亚基的异常现象,可能与翼手类飞行时需大量能量来源的生理特性有关     

贵州马铁菊头蝠群体遗传结构的微卫星分析

利用6对微卫星引物对贵州马铁菊头蝠的等位基因频率、基因杂合度和多态性信息含量进行了遗传检测。结果表明,6对微卫星引物共扩增出18个等位基因。基因频率分布在0.021 0～0.833 0之间。6个微卫星位点的平均杂合度为0.342 7,平均多态性信息含量为0.381 3。分析认为贵州马铁菊头蝠遗传多样性相对较低。     

大足蝠八种组织乳酸脱氢酶（LDH）同工酶比较研究

本文用聚丙烯酰胺不连续凝胶盘电泳,对大足蝠8种组织的LDH同工酶进行了报道。大足蝠心肌、肾、脑、血清、睾丸、胸肌、大腿肌组织的LDH同工酶的5条主带,以H亚基的活性最高,肝组织的5条主带以M亚基的活性最高。值得注意的是,在血清的谱带中,在LDH_3和LDH_4之间,出现了一条额外的LDH_e带,在心肌、肝LDH中,还分别出现了一条向阳极泳动比LDH_1还快的带,暂称为LDH_0带。     

折翼蝠（Miniopterus schreibersii）和鲁氏菊头蝠（Rhinolophus rouxi）血液有形成分的研究

对折翼蝠和鲁氏菊头蝠血液的有形成分的数量、直径和各种白细胞百分式等项参数进行了测定．分析所测的各项参数，每一个种内的雌雄之间均无显著性差异；两个种的各项参数的平均值与毛腿鼠耳蝠的相应参数比较，两两之间也无显著性差异．这三种被推测为有较强的抗病能力的蝙蝠的红细胞计数和淋巴细胞的百分含量均高于猴属和人类的相应数值，均有显著性差异（Ｐ＜０．０１）；而嗜中性细胞的百分含量低于猴属和人类的相应数值，也有显著性差异（Ｐ＜０．０１）．     

中国蝠蛾属(鳞翅目,蝙蝠蛾科)现行分类系统的修订

中国境内记录的蝠蛾属种类在生殖器形态上存在明显不同的类型,包含了不同属的分类特征.国外学者已将其中大部分种类归入了钩蝠蛾属Thitarodes.本文以蝠蛾雄性生殖器抱器瓣结构特征为依据,对中国蝠蛾属昆虫现行分类系统进行了修订.在建立拟蝠蛾属,新属Parahepialus gen.nov和无钩蝠蛾属,新属Ahamus gen.nov并引入钩蝠蛾属Thitarodes的基础上,将属于中国现行蝠蛾属的62个种分别归入拟蝠蛾属Parahepialus、无钩蝠蛾属Ahamus、蝠蛾属Hepialus及钩蝠蛾属Thitarodes等4个属中,其中拟蝠蛾属1种、无钩蝠蛾属18种、蝠蛾属1种和钩蝠蛾属40种.同时,利用从GenBank收集的26种原蝠蛾属种类CytB基因片段构建了系统进化树,聚类结果证明将蝠蛾雄性抱器瓣特征作为分属依据合理的.     

鼠耳蝠属染色体研究进展

本文根据作者分析的安徽5种鼠耳蝠核型和文献报道的45种鼠耳蝠核型,对该属染色体组型及进化机制进行了讨论。该属染色体基本上相同,有四个共同特征,仅出现一些微小变化,我国绒鼠耳蝠是该属染色体数最多的一个种,2n=48,NF=54。通常认为,在同一个分类阶元中,染色体数目多,具有较多端部着丝粒染色体的为较原始类型,反之则为较进化类型。因此,绒鼠耳蝠可能是现存鼠耳蝠属动物最原始的种,该属的演化将主要遵循罗伯逊易位和衔接易位。在进化中是否伴随小染色体丢失,尚需进一步研究。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.