翘嘴红鮊胚胎发育研究

采用连续观察法研究翘嘴红鮊(CulteralburnusBasilewsky)人工授精的去膜受精卵的发育。结果显示,翘嘴红鮊胚胎发育可分为受精卵、胚盘形成、卵裂期、囊胚期、原肠期、神经胚期、胚孔封闭期、眼基和眼囊出现期、尾芽至肌肉效应期、心脏原基期至心脏博动期、出膜前期共11个时期。受精卵呈灰黄或青灰色,直径0.8mm左右,吸水后直径可达1.2mm左右,在水温27℃条件下,受精卵历时1560min孵化,积温702℃·h;初孵仔鱼全长2.3mm左右。     

翘嘴红鲌繁殖技术研究

通过试验研究了翘嘴红鲌亲鱼培育、人工催产、受精卵孵化的技术。结果表明:天然水域捕捞的翘嘴红鲌鱼种在池塘条件下,通过人工培育能够达到性成熟,其成熟系数为14.46,相对繁殖力为30.28。亲鱼采用一次性注射组合催产剂,自然产卵的方式,受精卵在孵化环道中完成胚胎发育孵化出苗,LRH-A2 1.2μg DOM 5 mg和LRH-A2 1.2μg HCG 1 000 IU PG 0.8 mg催产剂组合具有较高的催产率和受精率。     

四明湖水库翘嘴红鲌卵巢周年变化

本文根据四明湖水库翘嘴红鲌Erythroculter ilishaeformis Bleeker卵巢成熟度等级,成熟系数和周年组织学资料,对卵巢各成熟期中的卵母细胞形态结构及其演替进行了细胞学描述和探讨;判定该水库翘嘴红鲌的产卵期为6月下旬至9月上旬;成熟卵至少分两批产出,属分批产卵类型。     

澳洲宝石斑鱼的胚胎发育

采用体视解剖镜、显微镜对澳洲宝石斑鱼的胚胎发育进行观察,描述了各个发育时期的主要形态特征.结果显示:(1)宝石斑鱼的卵和受精卵较小,受精卵径平均1.5mm;(2)受精卵吸水后呈圆形,为浮性卵;(3)胚胎卵黄囊表面有一个大的圆形脂肪球;(4)在水温23-29℃条件下,受精卵历时24 h脱膜孵出仔鱼,再经3.5 d开口摄食,转入混合营养时期;(5)胚胎发育主要经历卵裂期、囊胚至原肠期、神经胚期、器官形成期和孵出期5个主要时期.     

翘嘴红鲌热休克蛋白60的基因克隆及其表达特征分析（英文）

利用同源克隆和RACE技术克隆了翘嘴红鲌热休克蛋白HSP60 cDNA全长序列,并对HSP60基因的序列特征进行了分析。EiHSP60 cDNA序列长2 323 bp,开放阅读框为1 728 bp,编码575个氨基酸,其编码蛋白相对分子量为61.26 k D,等电点为5.27。BLAST分析结果表明EiHSP60与哺乳动物、鸟和鱼类等物种的CCT具有较高的同源性。生物信息学分析结果显示,EiHSP60蛋白序列中包含1个典型的分子伴侣蛋白60信号基序。实时荧光定量PCR检测结果显示,EiHSP60在翘嘴红鲌各个组织中均有表达,但在肝脏中的表达量为最高。使用脂多糖对翘嘴红鲌进行攻毒后,在不同时间段取其肝脏总RNA,利用实时荧光定量PCR技术进行EiHSP60 m RNA的表达水平分析。分析结果显示,经过脂多糖攻毒后翘嘴红鲌HSP60呈现时间依赖型的表达模式,且在肝脏中的表达水平呈现上调趋势。上述结果表明,EiHSP60为一种涉及免疫反应的诱导型蛋白,而高表达量的EiHSP60可能在提高翘嘴红鲌免疫反应过程中发挥重要作用。     

白甲鱼胚胎和胚后发育的初步观察

对白甲鱼受精卵进行胚胎发育观察,发现:受精卵呈圆球形,淡黄色,卵径2·0~2·3mm,遇水膨胀后最大直径2·8~2·9mm,沉性卵,弱粘性.水温23~25℃时从受精到孵化历时约48h.胚孔封闭前肌节3对,封闭时肌节6对;出膜前血液循环明显,具明显的古维尔氏管;出膜时胸鳍原基形成,肌节48对;出膜68d鳞片生长完全.     

唇(鱼骨)(♀)×花(鱼骨)(♂)杂交子一代胚胎发育

以唇(鱼骨)为母本,花为父本进行属内远缘杂交,观察和记录了杂交F1受精卵胚胎发育情况,具体描述了各个时期的形态特征.结果表明,受精卵为粘性卵,卵径为2.50～2.80 mm,在水温在(20±1)℃条件下,受精后55 rain,胚盘形成;1 h 35 min,细胞开始分裂,进入卵裂期;5 h 05 min,囊胚层形成,进入囊胚期;10 h 30 min,胚层下包,形成胚环,进入原肠期;17 h 25 min,神经板形成,胚体侧卧,进入神经胚期;19 h 15 min,胚孔关闭,进入胚孔封闭期;22 h 25 min,进入器官形成期;94 h 10 min,仔鱼开始出膜.研究认为唇(鱼骨)(♀)×花(鱼骨)(♂)杂交F1受精卵与母本胚胎发育时序和形态特征基本相似.     

豫北地区大鳞副泥鳅胚胎发育的观察

目前泥鳅和大鳞副泥鳅的养殖热潮正在全国范围内兴起,优良新品种的培育早已经为养殖者所期待.胚胎发育过程特征的研究是进行新品种培育的基础工作.对产自豫北地区的大鳞副泥鳅的胚胎发育过程进行了连续观察,对其各个胚胎时期的发育特征和持续时间进行了记录.结果表明从受精卵到出膜共划分为6个阶段和卵裂期、囊胚期、原肠期、神经胚期、肌节期、尾芽期、胚动期、出膜前期、孵出期、眼黑色素期等10个连续的典型时期,在23℃时胚胎发育历时共24 h 20 min.     

大鳍鳠的胚胎发育

经人工催青、干法授精获得大鳍鱯的受精卵.其平均卵径2.65mm×3.00mm,吸水膨胀后达3.5—3.8mm,弱粘性.囊胚期才出现卵黄体的波状滚动;感觉器宫发生较早,尾芽分离时第一对须原基出现;出膜前6h左右已见体色素和眼色素;出膜仔鱼细长,全长7.0—8.0mm.水温26.5—31.5℃的条件下,从受精至孵出仔鱼历时50h57min.本文除记述胚胎发育各时期的外形变化、生理特性和表现行为外,还同长吻鮠、南方鲶、鲶、胡子鲶的胚胎发育作了比较.     

团头鲂的胚胎发育与观察方法优化

通过人工繁殖获得团头鲂受精卵,在体视显微镜下对其胚胎和早期仔鱼发育过程进行了连续观察、拍照与测量.结果显示,团头鲂受精卵呈圆球形,具黏性,卵径(1.18±0.09)mm;在水温(21±1)℃条件下,团头鲂胚胎发育从受精到孵化历时39h10min,经历了胚盘形成、卵裂期、囊胚期、原肠胚期、神经胚期、器官形成期和出膜期7个发育阶段;初孵仔鱼体长(3.44±0.29)mm,出膜后第4d仔鱼鳔完全充气,卵黄囊消失;观察时,受精卵至尾鳍出现期胚胎置0.7%生理盐水中,肌肉效应期和后面各时期的胚胎经4%多聚甲醛固定后置3%甲基纤维素中拍照可获得良好效果.该工作为研究团头鲂胚胎早期发育过程提供了实时和动态的图像资料,并为鱼类胚胎发育观察提供了基本技术参考.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.