基于SAWF的亚皮秒级时间间隔测量

高精度时间间隔测量在通信、雷达、卫星等领域都具有十分重要的意义，为进一步提高时间间隔的测量精度，研究了一种基于声表面波滤波器作为时间内插器的亚皮秒级时间间隔测量方法.该方法由脉冲信号激励声表面波滤波器产生窄带信号，经采样、插值重建后，通过互相关算法获取待测的时间间隔，首先通过仿真分析声表面波滤波器的中心频率、采样频率、信噪比等关键参数对测量精度的影响；然后优化系统参数，提供一种低成本、易实现的解决方案；最后开展实验验证.测试结果表明，采用中心频率为70 MHz的声表面波滤波器，采样频率只需200 MHz,时间间隔的测量精度就可优于1.00 ps(标准差).     

多通道脉冲激光探测技术研究

在介绍多通道激光探测系统工作原理的基础上,设计了一种基于数字化的激光探测系统,采用一种基于抛物线内插互相关时延估计的激光定距方法,从而进一步提高定距精度. 该系统采用6路双通道ADC并行采样,具有较好的实时性. 仿真结果表明,互相关时延估计算法能够在低信噪比（R_SN=-7 dB）下实现定距,最大距离误差为0.74 m.      

激光前向散射云滴谱探测系统

该发明涉及一种激光前向散射云滴谱探测系统,利用空气中的微小水汽粒子对激光的米氏前向散射信号来测量水汽的谱分布和大气中的水汽含量。采用均匀强度红光半导体激光器作为照射源,通过激光束准直、聚焦,在空间中划出一定大小的采样区。通过采样区的粒子对激光产生散射信号,经过对前向散射信号的测量、景深内粒子判定,双通道弱信号探测等手段,能够实现对尺度为2~50μm的云粒子分布的测量。该发明具有体积小、结构紧凑、实时测量、测量精度高的特点,在实时指挥人工增雨作业、确定云粒子分布、云物理学研究等均能得到广泛应用。     

高动态测量系统中的自适应信号成形滤波器设计

针对航天测控和卫星导航领域中高动态信号测量的基带信号成形问题,提出一种改进的信号重采样滤波算法.该算法利用截短升余弦内插滤波器设计实现数字扩频信号的连续序列恢复,通过构建频谱自适应的分段抛物线内插函数滤波器实现基带信号的动态重采样处理,并采用Farrow结构降低成形滤波算法的运算量.仿真验证和实验测试结果表明,采用该算法设计的成形滤波器能够较好地适应动态多普勒频移,将基带伪码相位抖动导致的测量误差从亚米级降低至毫米级,有效抑制信号带外功率,为改善导弹航天试验靶场高动态信号的测量精度和稳定性提供了一种有效途径.     

激光辐照低慢小运动目标功率密度分析

针对激光毁伤低慢小目标问题,建立了1.06 μm激光斜程照射低慢小目标的模型。通过对该模型的仿真计算,得到了不同大气能见度条件下,激光透过率与目标天顶角和目标高度的关系曲线,及不同初始天顶角条件下,归一化功率密度与时间的关系曲线。分析了大气能见度,照射天顶角及目标飞行高度对目标表面归一化功率密度的影响,确定了激光防御低慢小运动目标过程中,激光照射的最佳条件,当照射初始天顶角θ0=arctanvT／2h时,可以使得在照射时间内,照射到目标表面的能量最大。     

激光表面形貌纳米测量的研究

测量设备由光路单元、数字鉴相单元、A/D变换单元、测量平台、PC机及相应的软件组成.利用激光的Raman-Nath衍射和光干涉的原理,该设备通过光探针得到测量和参考正弦波的相位差;PC机计算与该相位差成线性关系的工件表面的起伏变化量,通过测量平台完成表面形貌的钠米测量.该设备的实际测量精度为3nm.     

基于OV7725单目摄像头的激光测距系统

设计了一种由红外激光器和数字单目摄像头组成的非接触测距系统。该系统利用激光三角法对单目摄像头采集到的激光光斑图像进行位置信息处理,从而得到目标物离摄像头的距离信息。实验结果表明,该测距系统测量范围为2~100 cm,能对目标物离摄像头的距离及其大小进行准确测量,测量精度达到了毫米级。     

BESⅢ中的高精度同步时间放大技术研究

提出一种改进的用时间放大技术来实现高精度时间测量的方法.即使用一个与对撞时刻严格同步的外时钟来标记输入信号的时刻,生成一个宽度介于一个到两个时钟周期的时间间隔;将标记后的时间间隔进行预设倍数的放大;再用一个具有多次击中能力的时间-数字转换(time-to-digital converter,TDC)芯片测量放大后的时间间隔,并结合物理的方法反推出输入信号到达的时刻.该方法由硬件实现,经验证明其能够获得好于25 ps的时间测量精度,可以满足北京谱仪三期(BESⅢ)改造工程的飞行时间(time of flight,TOF)测量电子学部分25ps的时间测量精度要求,也可应用到其他类似的高精度时间测量系统中.     

基于方位传感的地下管线探测系统的研制

介绍一种适于非开挖地下管道的三维形状探测系统,该系统主要由以重力加速度计、磁强计、定心机构组成的传感头、计程机构、控制电路及上位机控制系统组成.传感头在管道内拖动过程中,在每个采样点处通过传感器采集该采样点处的方向角信息,然后结合计程机构所获得的采样点间的间距,可以得到管道相应位置的三维坐标及管道轴线的空间形状.该管道探测系统在管道位置深度的重复测量精度可达到±5%.     

一种100MHz数字频率计的设计与实现

以STC12C5A60S2单片机为控制核心,设计并制作一台闸门时间为1 s的数字频率计,可实现信号的频率、周期、占空比和时间间隔等参数的测量。系统能够测量的正弦信号频率范围为1 Hz~130 MHz,被测信号电压有效值范围为10 m V~1 V,测量精度达0.01%。系统设计及测试中呈现出三大优势:第一,在信号前级整形时采用轨对轨高速比较器TLV3501,延迟时间为4.5 ns,小信号比较效果非常好,可将微弱的交流电压转换为TTL电平,频率测量可以达到指标要求;第二,信号源输出信号经过衰减器,可以达到测量小电压的指标要求;第三,在高频干扰的滤除方面措施采取得当,方便后续分频等环节处理。系统能满足实际测量要求,结构紧凑,效果良好。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.