静高压在多层Al／Fe—Mo—Si—B纳米合金复合材料…

在３￣５．５ＧＰａ的压力范围内，经过８７３Ｋ，３０ｍｉｎｈ等温热处理由非（Ｆｅ０．９９Ｍｏ０．０１）７８Ｓｉ９Ｂ１３（ＦＭＳＢ）条带和纯金属Ａｌ片交替叠成的样品，制备出多层Ａｌ／Ｆｅ－Ｍｏ－Ｓｉ－Ｂ纳米合金复合材料。研究了静高压在复合材料制备中影响非晶ＦＭＳＢ合金晶化相，Ｆｅ－Ｍｏ－Ｓｉ－Ｂ纳米合金晶粒度和Ａｌ／Ｆｅ－Ｍｏ－Ｓｉ－Ｂ复合材料界面相的规律及机制。     

UASB＋AF反应器处理针织印染废水起动过程的研究

以生产性针织印染废水为基质，将七种高效脱色菌及紫色非硫光合细菌固定在活性污泥载体上，投加至ＵＡＳＢ＋ＡＦ反应器中，在常温下起动成功，培养出颗粒污泥。培养条件：水温２０～２３℃；ｐＨ值７．２～７．５；容积负荷０．５ｋｇ，ＣＯＤ／ｍ￣３．ｄ～５．０ｋｇ，ＣＯＤ／ｍ￣３．ｄ；水力停留时间（ＨＲＴ）由３１ｈ缩短至１０ｈ；色度去除率９０％以上，ＣＯＤ去除率７０％以上。     

制药废水中污泥颗粒化影响因素的研究

本文讨论了硫酸盐、氨氮、碱度及水力负荷等因素对污泥颗粒化的影响情况。在处理制药废水容积为１５Ｌ的中温实验室ＵＡＤＢ反应器中形成了颗粒污泥。试验表明：通过逐步驯化接种污泥，适当增加进水碱度，运行初期采用脉冲进料提高瞬时水力负荷等措施，可使反应器承受较高浓度的硫酸盐、氨氨和氯化物，并有利于形成颗粒污泥。污泥颗粒化后，反应器处理制药废水的容积负荷可达１０～１５ｋｓＣＯＤ／ｍ￣３·ｄ，ＣＯＤ去除率为８０％～９０％，水力停留时间为６～８小时，进水ＣＯＤ／Ｓ０为３～５。     

UASB反应器处理低浓度有机废水的机理研究

研究了６．５ＬＵＡＳＢ反应器在常温下处理低浓度有机废水的启动、运行和基质降解动力学．研究表明：当污水水温大于１５℃时，运行２０ｄ后出现颗粒污泥，４６ｄ基本上完成反应器的启动．在水温为１５～２９℃下运行，水力停留时间在３～８．７ｈ，ＣＯＤ去除率可达７１．９％～８８．５％．对反应器建立基质降解动力学模型，在平均温度为１７．２℃，２２．３℃和２６．４℃下减速增长速度常数Ｋ２分别为１．８９×１０－３，２．４０×１０－３和２．７７×１０－３Ｌ／ｍｇＶＳＳ·ｄ．     

UASB反应器中高效能厌氧产酸污泥颗粒化的研究

在产酸ＵＡＳＢ反应器中，以配制葡萄糖废水为基质能够快速培养得到高活性、高沉降性的厌氧产酸颗粒污泥，形成高效能的产酸颗粒污泥床，反应器体积有机负荷达２１０ｇＣＯＤ／Ｌ·ｄ时，酸化率为９３％；观察研究了产酸污泥颗粒化过程中生物相和气体成分的变化规律，得出了产酸污泥颗粒化的主要控制条件是在反应器启动初期控制反应器内的ＰＨ为４．０左右；最后，探讨并提出了产酸污泥颗粒化机理．     

以LSAR为载体的UAFB反应器运行动力学

以用造纸黑液制成的球形木质素树脂作为生物载体,在上流式厌氧流化床（ＵＡＦＢ）反应器装置中,进行了处理模拟高浓度酸化相出水的厌氧甲烷相流化床的运行实验．结果表明,当有机容积负荷小于６．０ｇ／（Ｌ·ｄ）时,基质ＣＯＤ去除率高于９０％;实验中得到生物负载量为０．０７４５;建立了ＵＡＦＢ反应器的动力学模型,测定了３５℃时的动力学参数．     

二相UASB反应器处理碱法草浆黑液

采用二相ＵＡＳＢ反应器处理碱法草浆黑液,酸化相为８．８７Ｌ的普通升流式反应器,甲烷相为２８．７５Ｌ的ＵＡＳＢ反应器,系统温度（３５±１）℃,结果表明;当酸化要进水ＣＯＤ浓度为４．０７９３－９．１９８５ｇ．Ｌ＾－１,ＣＯＤ的负荷平均值为３８．８４ｋｇ．（ｍ＾３．ｄ）－１时,ＣＯＤ的总去除率为７２．７６％;系统对负荷的冲击有较强的耐受能力。     

固定化甲烷八叠球菌处理豆制品废水研究

利用实验室规模的两步厌氧消化器，以厌氧絮状污泥及固定化甲烷八叠球菌对酸化反应器接种，用厌氧颗粒污泥对甲烷化反应器接种处理豆制品废水，试图阐明固定化甲烷八叠球菌在此工艺运转中的作用．反应器的平均水滞留期为１１１ｈ，最短水滞留期达到了３５ｈ．反应器的最高产气率达１５７Ｌ／（Ｌ·ｄ），平均产气率为７５Ｌ／（Ｌ·ｄ）．运转期间所产气体的平均甲烷含量为７０２％．在低有机物负荷下，固定化甲烷八叠球菌发挥着很大作用，有较低的出水ＣＯＤ和较高的甲烷含量，但在较高有机物负荷下，与对照无明显差别．其原因是在高有机物负荷和短水滞留期运转条件下，固定化甲烷八叠球菌活性受到抑制．     

基因重组牛碱性成纤维细胞生长因子的纯化和鉴定

牛碱性成纤维细胞生长因子（ｂＦＧＲ）ｃＤＮＡ在Ｅ．ｃｏｌｉ中表达，高压均质破碎菌体后，上清液以Ｈｅｐａｒｉｎ－ＳｅｐｈａｒｏｓｅＣＬ－６Ｂ亲和层析、Ｃ１８反相ＨＰＬＣ分高纯化得到一分子量为２．２５×１０￣４的蛋白质，其等电点为９．３４，并能与抗牛ｂＦＧＦＭｃＡｂ反应；其氨基酸组成与ｂＦＧＦ文献值一致；活性分析结果表明此蛋白质不仅能促进ＢＡＬＢ／ｃ３Ｔ３细胞增值，ＥＤ＿（５０）＝０．８５ｎｇ／ｍｌ，而且能促进鸡胚尿囊膜微血管增生，所得蛋白为具有生物活性的重组碱性成纤维细胞生长因子。     

二相UASB反应器的启动

对二相ＵＡＳＢ反应器的启动进行了研究。实验表明，以面粉为基质，并在其中加营养物和微量元素，反应器运行６０ｄ，酸化相、甲烷相培养出颗粒污泥。系统对负荷的冲击 强的耐受能力，二相ＵＡＳＢ反应器启动成功。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to