含偶氮苯侧链的聚酰亚胺的合成与表征

以间苯二胺和均苯四甲酸二酐为单体经过一系列反应合成了两种含偶氮苯侧链的聚酰亚胺。实验中采用了两条合成路线：(1)通过化学亚胺化合成聚酰亚胺，再通过后偶氮偶合的方法将偶氮苯生色团引入到聚酰亚胺分子链，从而得到了带有偶氮苯侧链的聚酰亚胺；(2)先合成带有偶氮苯侧链的聚酰胺酸，再通过热亚胺化得到聚酰亚胺。文中对这两种路线得到的聚酰亚胺进行了特性粘度、红外光谱、核磁共振、差示扫描量热测试。结果表明这两种聚酰亚胺的结构基本一致，而路线(2)得到的聚酰亚胺的特性粘度和玻璃化转变温度均稍高于路线(1)得到的聚酰亚胺。     

侧链含偶氮的聚噻吩甲烯的合成及其三阶非线性研究

为了提高聚噻吩甲烯的非线性光学性能,通过4-醛基-4'-二甲胺基偶氮苯和噻吩的缩聚反应,合成了聚噻吩对二甲氨基偶氮苯甲烷(PTDMAAB),再用PTDMAAB与四氯苯醌发生脱氢反应合成了侧链含偶氮的聚噻吩甲烯(PTDMAABQ).用红外光谱、核磁共振氢谱、紫外-可见吸收光谱对PTDMAABQ进行了结构表征.与PTDMAAB相比,PTDMAABQ的红外谱图在波数为1650cm-1附近出现肩峰,紫外-可见吸收光谱上π→π 吸收峰红移35nm,都说明了醌化反应的发生和共轭结构的形成.X衍射表明,PTDMAABQ主要呈非晶态,但存在有微小晶区;热重分析显示,PTDMAABQ的热分解温度在275℃以上;用Z scan系统研究表明,PT DMAABQ薄膜具有大的非线性折射率和三阶非线性系数,分别为4 926×10-6和3 644×10-9esu.     

一种偶氮染料接枝聚氨酯的合成与表征

采用接枝共聚的方法合成了2-羟基-4-磺酸钠偶氨萘苯（HSANB）接枝的聚氨酯并进行了结构表征，元素分析的结构表明，产物的元素比例与理论值一致，傅里叶红外光谱在1712cm^-1及2929cm^-1处的吸收证明了生成聚氨酯结构以及染料被接枝在聚合物上，X射线衍射谱图的宽阔非晶包和透射电镜（TEM）非晶衍射环表明，材料为非晶结构，TEM照片证明了接枝共聚的产物是均相体系，热失重分析的结果证明，接枝共聚产物的热分解温度比纯染料提高了60℃。     

二阶非线性光学互穿聚合物网络的合成与表征

合成表征了由侧链带有羟基的聚甲基丙烯酸酯共聚物与二异氰酸酯（ＴＤＩ）热交联聚合物网络以及丙烯酰化环氧聚合物的热交联网络组成的新型二阶非线性光学（ＮＬＯ）互穿聚合物网络（ＩＰＮ）体系,此ＩＰＮ体系只有一个Ｔｇ,具有优良的光学品质．ＳＨＧ测量表明,ＩＰＮ的非线性光学稳定性较好,其二阶非线性光学系数ｄ３３值在８０℃下经４８０ｍｉｎ几乎未见衰减,ＩＰＮ体系的ｄ３３值也较高,达到１．８６×１０－７ｅｓｕ．     

含偶氮非线性光学生色团取代炔的合成及光限幅性能研究

合成一种新的偶氮苯非线性光学生色团取代乙炔,用红外光谱,元素分析,核磁共振对其进行了表征,利用波长1064nm脉冲宽度40ps的激光,对该化合物光学性能进行研究,结果显示该化合物的THF溶液对40ps的1064nm脉冲激光呈现出较好的光限幅性能,其限幅阈值为235.9GW cm2。     

一种侧链含偶氮的聚噻吩甲烯的合成以及三阶非线性研究

为了提高聚噻吩甲烯的非线性光学性能,通过4-醛基-4'-二甲胺基偶氮苯和噻吩的缩聚反应,合成了聚噻吩对二甲氨基偶氮苯甲烷(PTDMAAB),TDMAAB与四氯苯醌发生脱氢反应合成了侧链含偶氮的聚噻吩甲烯(PTDMAABQ),并用红外光谱、核磁共振氢谱、紫外-可见吸收光谱对其进行了结构表征.     

有机／无机复合非线性光学材料的制备与性能

设计合成了一种含偶氮苯基团的功能化有机硅氧烷, 并与正硅酸乙酯进行水解缩合, 形成的溶胶进行旋转涂膜和干燥处理得到凝胶膜, 经电晕场极化交联后获得有机／ 无机复合二阶非线性光学材料． ＳＨＧ 测量表明, 这种有机／ 无机复合材料的二阶非线性光学系数（ｄ３３） 较高, 达到５７９ ×１０－ ７ ｅｓｕ ; 非线性光学的热稳定性较好, 室温下１ ４４０ ｈ 后ｄ３３ 维持初值的９６％ , １００ ℃下５ ｈ 后ｄ３３ 维持为初值的６０ ％ ．     

有机二阶非线性光学分子设计和合成研究进展

从分子工程的角度简述了有机二阶非线性光学分子的设计原则,对尿素衍生物,间二取代苯衍射生物,芳香硝基化合物,有机盐,芳发环化合物,含偶氮基团化合物,金属有机化物合物等有机二阶非线性光学分子的设计,合成,性能与结构特点进行了评述。     

侧链含杂环偶氮结构聚合物的三阶非线性光学性能

合成了具非线性光学性能的杂环偶氮生色团的单体化合物甲基丙烯酸(4-苯并噻唑-2-偶氮基苯基)酯(BAMA),并通过自由基聚合得到均聚物聚甲基丙烯酸(4-苯并噻唑-2-偶氮基苯基)酯(PBAMA).利用1 H-NMR验证了聚合物的结构,采用Z-扫描法研究了聚合物溶液的三阶非线性光学性能.结果表明,单体和聚合物均具有较高的三阶非线性光学系数.     

4,4′-二乙炔基偶氮苯的合成及其光学性能

以苯胺为原料通过偶联反应合成了4,4′-二乙炔基偶氮苯,并通过1H NMR对各步合成产物结构进行了分析.1H NMR结果表明:4,4′-二乙炔基偶氮苯合成产率达到85%.产物的紫外光谱显示:在波长243 nm处出现苯环π-π*吸收;350 nm处显示了偶氮苯发色团的反式特征吸收峰;420 nm左右出现偶氮苯顺式特征吸收峰.不同照射时间下的紫外光谱图表明,4,4-二乙炔基偶氮苯氯仿溶液在365 nm紫外光照射下会发生顺-反异构现象.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to