紫色非硫光合细菌的研究——I.沼泽红假单胞菌的分类鉴定和生理特性

采用改良的Hungate厌氧培养技术-滚管法,从淀粉厂的污泥中,分离得到一株革兰氏阴性,弯曲杆状,出芽繁殖,既能在光照厌氧,也能在黑暗好氧条件下生活的光能异养型Y_6菌株.经形态观察、生理特性的测定,确证Y_6菌株为沼泽红假单胞菌(Rhodopseudomonas Palustris).     

沼泽红假单胞菌培养基的优化及降氨氮作用的研究

对沼泽红假单胞菌的培养基进行了优化,并对其降氨氮效果进行了研究.结果表明:沼泽红假单胞菌可以利用多种碳源和氮源,乳酸和草酸铵是实验室培养沼泽红假单胞菌的最适碳源和氮源,乳酸根的质量浓度及碳氮比对沼泽红假单胞菌生长具有显著影响,而磷酸根浓度对沼泽红假单胞菌生长没有显著影响;用正交试验获得最适于培养沼泽红假单胞菌的乳酸质量浓度为1%,碳氮比为1.5,磷酸二氢钾的质量浓度为1.5 g/L;在自然光照、30 ℃条件下,沼泽红假单胞菌的延滞期为2 d,对数生长期为2～10 d,稳定期为10～20 d;沼泽红假单胞菌具有很强的综合降氨氮作用,但其降氨氮效果受水质的影响而不稳定.     

沼泽红假单胞菌(Rhodopseudomonas palustris)的分离和鉴定

采用各种不同的厌氧分离方法,从生活污水处理厂的活性污泥中,得到了一株弯曲杆状,出芽繁殖,既能在光照厌氧,也能在黑暗好氧条件下生活的光能异养型4号菌株。经电镜观察,碳源(或电子供体),氨基酸的利用,生长因素的需求和光谱特征的测定等,鉴定与Rhodopseudomonaspalustris相符,拟将4号菌株定名为沼泽红假单胞菌(Rp.palustris)。     

富营养化水体中光合细菌的分离、鉴定与生长条件研究

通过富集、分离方法将富营养化养殖水体中的光合细菌筛选出来,并对分离出的菌株进行形态学观察和生理生化试验,初步鉴定为荚膜红假单胞菌和球型红假单胞菌.在不同的pH、温度、光照强度、搅拌等生长条件下对荚膜红假单胞菌进行培养,以菌液浓度为指标,研究不同的生长条件对荚膜红假单胞菌生长的影响.实验结果表明荚膜红假单胞菌在pH6.0-8.0、温度25-30℃、光照强度2000-5000 lx时,均能良好生长.其最适合的生长条件为:pH7.0,温度30℃时,5000 lx,并辅以适当震荡.     

浑球红假单胞菌的卟啉分泌与调节

对浑球红假单胞菌（Ｒｐｓ．ｓｐｈａｅｒｏｉｄｅｓ）Ｐ４菌株的卟啉合成与分泌进行了研究．经过在ＲＣＶＢ培养基中的增殖生长与产卟啉液ＭｉｘｔｕｒｅＩ中的诱导，Ｐ４菌可以产生较高含量的卟啉．通过研究分析各种外界因子对卟啉合成与分泌的影响，确定了有利于Ｐ４菌合成与分泌卟啉的培养条件，包括光照、适当的底物浓度、较低的Ｆｅ２＋浓度以及培养程序和培养时间等．为进一步研究菌叶绿素和细菌色素代谢机理、为Ｐ４菌用于卟啉生产提供了良好的基础．     

碳源对浑球红假单胞菌P4株氧化—还原反应平衡的影响

本文采用浑球红假单胞菌Ｐ４株作为研究对象，分析了光合细胞在厌氧光照条件下：①利用乙醇或乙酸为碳源时，对ＣＯ２依赖性的差异；②利用乙醇为碳源时，氢气发生量与添加ＣＯ２浓度的关系；③利用一些有机碳源时，氢气发生量与碳代谢中的关键酶活性的变化。从而阐明了光合细菌利用不同碳源时，实现细胞内氧化－还原反应平衡的复杂调控机制。     

一株产CoQ10的红假单胞菌的研究

从滇池分离到一株革兰氏阴性杆菌，于光照厌氧及黑暗好氧条件下生长良好，活细胞在870、803nm处有吸收峰，具平行片层状的光合内膜系统，可归属于红假单胞菌属（Rhodopseudomonas)；该菌体中提取分主了得到的黄色结晶品，经Craven试验、高效薄层层析、高效液相色谱、紫外光谱、红外光谱、核磁共振及质谱证实，为CoQ10。     

光合细菌的色素分析及蛋白质测定研究

光合细菌含有丰富的营养成分和生物活性物质,对其色素及蛋白质含量的分析,为其在食品领域应用奠定基础.研究采用平板画线法与液体培养法从某养殖池塘底泥中分离、纯化出5株光合细菌,进行了形态观察及菌种16S rDNA鉴定.采用Varian Cary 50紫外光谱分析仪进行色素分析与蛋白质的测定,并对类胡萝卜素稳定性进行了分析.结果表明分离纯化的光合细菌革兰氏反应为阴性,菌落为棕红色,光照厌氧和黑暗好氧条件下均可生长.16S rDNA基因的分子系统学分析表明,菌株与GenBank中的沼泽红假单胞菌菌株的同源性为99%,初步确定筛选出的菌株为沼泽红假单胞菌(Rhodopseudomonas palustris).菌株含有的色素主要是类胡萝卜素和细菌叶绿素a,类胡萝卜素在低温或低光照条件下,具有一定的稳定性,但在高温、加热时间过长或太阳光直射时色素迅速分解褪色.此外,菌株的蛋白质含量相对较高,是一种优质的蛋白源.光合细菌富含类胡萝卜素,并且可以作为一种高效的蛋白源,在食品及其他行业上的应用前景十分广阔.     

光合细菌处理豆制品废水影响因素的探讨

利用含有沼泽红假单胞菌 (Rhodopseudomonas Palustris)等的光合细菌 ,处理豆制品废水并对影响因素进行了初步研究 ,得出最佳处理工艺条件为 :好氧黑暗培养 ;p H值为 8;接种量为 70 %和较高的废水浓度 (CODcr值为 12 g/ L左右 )。在此条件下用光合细菌处理豆制品废水 72 h,其 CODcr去除率为 84.0 %。     

厌氧光合系统中光合细菌的分离和特性

从厌氧消化反应器中分离出光合细菌．根据菌体形态、光合色素的吸收光谱及生理生化特征,鉴定为荚膜红假单胞菌（ＲｈｏｄｏｐｓｅｕｄｏｍｏｎａｓＣａｐｓｕｌａｔａ）和浑球红假单胞菌（ＲｈｏｄｏｂａｃｔｅｒＳｐｈｅｒｏｉｄｅｓ）．这２种光合细菌能够利用多种小分子有机酸,耐受高浓度硫酸盐,具有较强的降解味精废水中ＣＯＤ物质的生物活性．     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to