城市中心区土地集约利用的评价模型:基于50个样本的定量分析

针对土地集约利用矛盾最突出的功能区——城市中心展开研究.从城市空间角度出发,结合实地调研的国内外50个特大城市中心区矢量数据,以定量研究为依托,从空间形体、结构要素及服务功能3个方面,对建筑、用地和交通等集约利用的3个层面进行解析,构筑了9项评价因子.在此基础上,采用逐项量化对比研究的方式横向展开,建立城市中心区土地集约利用评价模型,以此对国内外典型城市中心区作全面的土地集约利用分析.根据模型评价结果,将中心区的土地集约利用分为相应的4种方式,即全面多项集约利用、单项集约利用、均衡集约利用以及局部集约利用.在此基础上,进一步通过城市中心区土地集约利用评价模型,从建筑、用地和道路等方面剖析土地集约利用的驱动力.     

城市土地集约利用总体评价

通过对城市土地集约利用的相关问题进行分析,利用层次分析法和Delphi法构建了一套城市土地集约利用评价的指标体系.对采用多层次可拓评价方法对城市土地集约利用评价进行了研究,结合相关资料对泉州市土地集约利用状况进行了评价,并得出了相应的结论.     

基于耦合模型的城市土地集约利用与城市化协调发展研究——以福建省9个设区市为例

以福建省9个设区市为例,分别建立城市土地集约利用和城市化子系统的评价指标体系,利用熵值法、多因素综合评价模型,对2003-2010年城市土地集约利用与城市化水平进行时空评价,并运用耦合协调发展评价模型,定量分析城市土地集约利用与城市化的时空耦合协调发展状况,将其分为失调、初级协调和良好协调3大阶段9类状态,最后基于空间自相关模型,运用Arc GIS9.3对其耦合协调发展度进行空间聚类分析.     

城市土地集约利用宏观评价的设计与实现

为了指导城市增量土地的开发方向,需要从宏观角度对城市内部各个不同区域进行全面评价,以确定城市存量土地的利用潜力及分布,为土地管理部门调控城市新增建设用地数量提供依据.通过国土资源部首批试点城市项目在福州市的研究,该文对福州市的土地集约利用现状进行了调查,从宏观层次上初步评价了福州市的城市土地集约利用状况.     

城市扩展特征下的城市土地集约利用研究——以福州市为例

以福州市为例,运用GIS和RS技术进行城市扩展研究,引入紧凑度指数、城市扩展速度指数和城市用地与人口增长弹性系数进行城市扩展特征分析;采用基于PSR模型(pressure-state-response model)的主成分分析法进行城市土地集约利用评价,引入协调度以评估城市土地集约利用的质量;进一步讨论城市扩展与城市土地集约利用的互动关系,在此基础上,从整体性和层次性角度建立土地集约利用的城市空间发展模式.由研究结果知:①福州市建成区面积由1989年的75.61 km2增长到2009年的183.21 km2,增幅为1.42倍;②福州市土地集约利用综合得分逐年上升,由1989年的40.56增加到2009年的80.56,福州市土地集约利用水平逐年增强.研究结果表明:城市扩展与城市土地集约利用存在密切关系,构建的土地集约利用城市空间发展模式对城市可持续发展具有重要意义.     

基于可持续发展的城市土地集约利用综合评价指标体系研究

土地是城市建设中最关键,最基本的问题,其高效集约利用是实现城市可持续发展的基础。本文在分析探讨城市土地集约利用概念和内涵的基础上,以节约土地并体现经济,社会,环境可持续发展为出发点,从投入强度,使用强度,承载程度．利用效益、结构布局．生态环境等6个评价内容构建了城市土地集约利用综合评价指标体秉,并对体系内各评价指标元素做了深入解析。     

兰州市城市土地集约利用评价

从兰州市城市土地利用现状入手,通过选择土地投入程度、土地经济产出、土地利用合理程度和土地集约利用发展趋势4个方面的22个评价指标,运用层次分析和德尔菲相结合的方法确定了各评价指标的权重;在对评价指标进行无量纲化处理后,运用综合评分法确定城市土地利用集约度.结果表明,兰州市城市土地集约利用水平逐年提高,处于基本集约利用状态,可挖掘潜力较大;各子系统间发展较协调,有利于城市土地集约利用水平的提高.     

基于LiDAR的城市土地集约利用评价方法研究

城市土地集约利用水平反映了城市土地利用的强度和效率,是城市三维空间布局的藐视指标,关系着如何规划城市土地的用途.LiDAR数据是数字地形模型和三维城市模型的主要数据源.研究提出了基于LiDAR数据自动进行城市土地集约评价的三阶段框架.首先对LiDAR数据进行分类,获取植被、建筑物等信息;接着产生100 m×100 m的评价网格,计算每个网格的三维房地指数和植地指数,进而生成城市土地集约利用评价专题图;最后以Optech获取的江苏徐州的LiDAR数据为例展示评价的效果.     

城市土地集约利用研究——以临沂市为例

笔者采用层次分析法,对临沂市城市土地集约利用现状进行了评价研究,得出临沂市城市土地利用集约度.结合研究结果,分析了影响临沂市城市土地集约利用的社会、经济和生态因素.最后提出坚持科学发展观、合理编制土地规划、加强旧城改造、加强污染治理等相关措施,为更好的实现临沂市城市土地的集约利用提供参考依据.     

包头市城市土地集约利用潜力宏观评价研究

在阐述城市土地集约利用宏观评价的概念与内涵的基础上，建立了宏观城市土地集约利用潜力评价指标体系，从宏观上对包头市城市土地集约利用潜力进行了分析和评价。并对包头市及与包头市城市性质相近的几个城市的土地集约利用状况做了比较。指出包头市城市土地集约利用的方向和对策。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Jane Eyre——A Feminist In The 19th Century

In the 19th century the society was controlled by men, and women were just appendants of them, they had not any rights and freedom. But Jane was an exception, she showed some characteristics of early feminist. Jane showed her characteristics of feminism in three aspects: rebellion, equality, and independence. These characteristics were helpful to her success, and feminism is the only way out for women of that time.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-