铁掺杂纳米二氧化钛介孔材料的合成、结构与性能

以TiCl4、FeCl3·6H2O和NH3·H2O等为原料,以有机大分子表面活性剂(十六烷基三甲基溴化铵)为模板和结构导向剂,采用水热法制备出铁掺杂纳米TiO2介孔材料.X射线衍射分析结果表明,产品为锐钛矿结构.透射电镜观察发现样品为球形,粒径约为10～15 nm,颗粒之间显示出无序孔道.N2吸附-脱附等温线形状为Langmuir Ⅳ型,是典型的介孔结构吸附-脱附等温线,其最可几孔径为20 nm.利用该纳米TiO2介孔材料作为光催化剂对有机染料进行了吸附和降解实验,发现介孔材料比非介孔材料对染料具有更强的吸附性和降解效果,在日光照射60 min后对藏蓝染料的降解率达到了100%.     

Co3O4/SBA-15和Co3O4-CeO2/SBA-15复合材料的直接法合成与表征

借助水热法,在酸性条件下直接加入合成体系前驱盐(Co(NO3)2·6H2O),蒸发得到复合物并通过随后的煅烧,制备了Co3O4/SBA-15复合材料. 利用X-射线粉末衍射、扫描电镜、傅里叶红外光谱进行了系统的表征. 测试结果表明:在合成原料中n(Co)∶n(Si)＜1∶3制备的材料保持高度有序的二维六角介孔结构,Co3O4分散在SBA-15基体中,部分钴离子进入了介孔材料的骨架. 直接法制备的Co3O4-CeO2/SBA-15双金属氧化物复合材料,有望作为催化剂.     

离子液体中合成介孔材料的研究进展

离子液体作为一种新型的绿色环保溶剂,在介孔材料合成中的应用引起越来越多研究者的关注.目前,已经利用离子液体为模板合成出介孔SiO2、TiO2和Al2O3等多种介孔材料.与传统的表面活性剂相比,离子液体在合成过程中体现出很多优势,为介孔材料的合成开辟了一条新的途径.综述了离子液体在介孔材料合成中的研究进展.     

SO_4~(2-)/ZrO_2介孔氧化物的合成及表征

以十二烷基硫酸钠(SDS)为模板剂,乙二胺为碱介质,水热法合成ZrO2介孔材料。焙烧之后,在不同浓度的硫酸溶液中浸渍反应,得到SO42-/ZrO2介孔氧化物。研究结果表明,当n(Zr)︰n(SDS)︰n(H2NCH2CH2NH2)︰n(H2O)=1.0︰1.0︰1.6︰200,反应温度为60℃时,所合成的介孔氧化物在0.5 mol.L-1 H2SO4溶液中浸渍3.5 h,550℃焙烧2 h,产物的酸量为1.905 4 mmol.g-1。     

X射线衍射V2O5在介孔二氧化硅上的分散研究

采用X射线衍射技术(XRD)考察了金属氧化物V2O5在介孔二氧化硅分子筛上的分散,研究结果表明应用浸渍法将V2O5浸渍于介孔二氧化硅分子筛中,在低于V2O5熔点的适当温度下焙烧后,与未浸渍V2O5样品相比,晶胞参数a值明显增大,说明钒离子掺入了介孔二氧化硅分子筛的骨架中;在一定范围内随着V2O5加入量的增加其在介孔二氧化硅的表面的分散量也在增加,而V2O5残余晶相量远远低于加入的量,说明V2O5掺入介孔二氧化硅分子筛骨架的同时可在介孔二氧化硅的表面成单层分散。     

介孔氧化锆的制备及其氮物理吸附表征

以廉价的氧氯化锆(Z rOC l2.8H2O)为锆源,十六烷基三甲基溴化铵(CTAB)为模板剂,制备了介孔氧化锆.用N2物理吸-脱附考察不同碱量、温度、反应时间等对介孔氧化锆吸脱附等温线、BET比表面积、孔分布以及孔容量的影响.可得到比表面积大于340 m2/g,孔径集中分布在2 nm和5 nm的二氧化锆.     

无机盐水解法制备介孔NiAl_2O_4纳米粉

介孔NiAl2O4材料是常用的电极材料和催化材料,目前常用溶胶-凝胶法制备。本文在不添加任何模板剂和有机溶剂的情况下,通过摩尔比为1︰2的硝酸镍和硝酸铝水溶液与碳酸铵水溶液水解的方法制备NiAl2O4介孔材料。利用热重-差热分析、X射线衍射、扫描电镜观察、透射电镜观察及N2吸附-脱附等测试手段表征。通过800℃焙烧,制备了NiAl2O4介孔材料,晶粒大小约30nm,比表面积为105.3m2/g,平均孔径为7.2nm,孔容为0.19cm3/g,孔径分布比较狭窄、规整。     

介孔二氧化锰的合成与表征

以MnCl2和(NH4)6Mo7O24· 4H2O为原料,制备了MnO2/MoO3复合物,并将其用氢氧化钠溶液溶解,得到介孔MnO2.用X射线粉末衍射、透射电镜和比表面进行了表征,样品为介孔α-MnO2.电极循环伏安研究表明:在1 mol· L-1 Na2SO4溶液中,电位窗口为-0.2-0.8 V(vs SEC)范围内,5 mV·s-1的扫描速度下,制备的介孔α-MnO2的比电容为345 F·g-1.     

无机盐水解法制备介孔NiAl2O4纳米粉简

介孔NiAl2 O4材料是常用的电极材料和催化材料,目前常用溶胶-凝胶法制备。本文在不添加任何模板剂和有机溶剂的情况下,通过摩尔比为1！2的硝酸镍和硝酸铝水溶液与碳酸铵水溶液水解的方法制备NiAl2 O4介孔材料。利用热重-差热分析、X射线衍射、扫描电镜观察、透射电镜观察及N2吸附-脱附等测试手段表征。通过800℃焙烧,制备了NiAl2 O4介孔材料,晶粒大小约30 nm,比表面积为105．3 m2/g,平均孔径为7．2 nm,孔容为0．19 cm3/g,孔径分布比较狭窄、规整。     

Fe掺杂SBA-15的合成、表征及催化苯制苯酚的研究

以聚氧乙烯-聚氧丙烯-聚氧乙烯(P123)嵌段共聚物表面活性剂为模板剂,正硅酸乙酯(TEOS)为硅源,Fe( NO3)3·9H2O为铁源在酸性条件下合成Fe-SBA-15介孔分子筛.通过XRD,N2吸附-脱附,红外等分析手段对样品进行了表征.结果表明合成的样品具有有序的六方介孔结构.铁含量的不同对SBA-15的孔径及其比表面积均有影响.所合成的材料在苯羟基化反应中表现出良好的催化活性,最高转化率可达32.16％.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Jane Eyre——A Feminist In The 19th Century

In the 19th century the society was controlled by men, and women were just appendants of them, they had not any rights and freedom. But Jane was an exception, she showed some characteristics of early feminist. Jane showed her characteristics of feminism in three aspects: rebellion, equality, and independence. These characteristics were helpful to her success, and feminism is the only way out for women of that time.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-