基于图像采集的电梯控制粒子群算法研究

论文对以往的电梯派梯算法进行改进.在电梯信息采集模块中加入图像处理模块,来增加电梯呼梯信号的可信度.派梯算法模块中采用多目标粒子群优化算法,对电梯的耗能,乘客乘梯和候梯时间等几个目标进行优化.     

基于知识的自适应电梯群控制策略

为获得更低的平均候梯时间和长候梯率,提出一种基于知识的自适应电梯群控制策略.该控制策略汇集了区域权重控制算法、电梯运行操作知识以及层站召唤再分配规则,基于自适应的长候梯时间阈值,对长候梯层站召唤执行再分配操作,凸现了电梯群控制策略对复杂电梯交通的自适应性.与经典THV算法、基于知识的区域权重控制算法、人工免疫动态优化算法比较,该方法能获得更低的平均候梯时间和长候梯率.同时,其自适应能力使得该控制策略更易于应用在实际电梯群控制系统中.     

基于多Agent的电梯智能群控系统

给出了基于Agent的多电梯智能群控系统结构,并对其中的状态协调Agent以及调度Agent进行了深入研究,在分析电梯乘客需求的随机性与周期性特点的基础上,给出了建立客流模板的学习算法.根据乘客的现实需求和预测得出的潜在需求对梯群预测调度,给出了选择客流模板的算法和基于乘客需求预测的最大引力派梯算法.该方法能够利用预测的乘客需求,尽量减小调度的滞后性,从而减少乘客的平均候梯时间及长时间等待率.仿真结果显示了该方法的优越性.     

基于乘客状态的电梯群控策略

提出了一种基于乘客状态的电梯群控策略.该群控策略指出一次乘梯活动是指乘客的状态由就绪状态到完成状态的完整连续过程.结合目的层预约概念,能提前获得乘客的目的层信息.这样,群控策略能为每个乘客指定最优乘坐电梯号,缩短了乘客的候梯时间和乘梯时间.乘客在乘梯活动中被分成4个状态,通过乘客状态来跟踪乘客行为.同时设计了4个工作队列,以方便派梯中心对乘客的管理.仿真实验证明该群控策略可得到很好的效果.采用群控的电梯系统与未采用群控的电梯系统相比,在效率和耗能上均有很大的改善.     

基于免疫粒子群混合优化算法的新型派梯策略

基于人工免疫优化算法和粒子群算法的优缺点可以互补的特性,提出了免疫粒子群混合优化算法,并将其应用于混合电梯群控系统中进行派梯优化.将仿真结果与人工免疫优化算法、粒子群优化算法的结果进行对比,发现免疫粒子群混合优化算法显著地提高了混合电梯群控系统的长时等待率和电梯运行量,而平均等待时间的改善不明显,说明免疫粒子群混合优化算法在优化派梯方案方面表现出良好的效果,具有优越性.     

一种集成智能的电梯群控技术

针对当前出现的多种电梯群控算法的不足,本文简要介绍了基于人工智能（Artificial Intelligence）的思想及其集成控制方法,以满足电梯客流动态随机性的要求。这种集成控制可对电梯交通模式进行识别和智能预测,从而大大减少乘客候梯时间和能量消耗．并设计了程序仿真电梯调度方法。     

基于S7-1200 PLC和专家函数的群控电梯系统设计

当今世界,电梯已然成为楼宇建筑必备的交通工具,随着电梯控制技术的发展和人们对乘梯质量要求的提高,如何能够全面提高电梯的服务质量一直是群控电梯领域的研究热点。该文以西门子S7-1200PLC为主控制器,设计了一款基于专家函数的S7-1200群控电梯控制系统,针对群控电梯的3个评价指标——乘客候梯时间、乘客乘梯时间、能源消耗量对系统进行评价,结果验证了该系统设计具有一定的实际应用价值。     

改进GA优化BP神经网络的电梯群控策略

在遗传算法优化BP神经网络的电梯群控系统基础上,利用遗传算法对候梯时间、乘梯时间、舒适度和运行能耗等评价函数进行搜索具有全局性的进化解,通过BP神经网络按照进化解权值进行寻优,从而获得全局最优解。为提高遗传算法的效率,在遗传操作过程中采用最优个体保存策略,同时采用了交叉率和变异率能够随适应度自动改变的自适应算法,提高了达到最优解的收敛速度。得出最优派梯方案,实现电梯的多目标优化调度。     

基于以太网的水电厂开放型现地控制单元

针对中小型水电厂设计了一种基于以太网的水电厂开放型现地控制单元(LCU),给出了硬件和软件实现方法.提出了"可编程序控制器(PLC)+通信管理机"结构方案,PLC及带以太网口的继电保护装置直接接入以太网,智能设备通过通信管理机间接接入以太网.通信管理机与上位机之间通信采用IEC 60870-5-104规约,PLC与上位机之间通信遵循OPC规范,通信管理机与PLC之间通信采用Modbus规约.设计的LCU具有可靠性高、通用性强、开放性好、成本低、现场运行稳定等特点.     

基于改进粒子群算法优化电梯群控系统

给出的粒子群优化算法是一种群智能优化技术，利用群体和个体的智能行为来求解组合优化问题，并将多目标问题分别在粒子的各子种群中以内在并行的方式搜索多个非劣解，同时对各子种群粒子的适应度采用积分排序，较好地解决了电梯群控系统的多目标问题。充分弥补了传统方法解决多目标问题出现的不足。针对不同客流强度进行分析，分别得到不同平均的候梯时间和乘梯时间，结果表明采用此种改进的粒子群算法充分保证了算法的收敛速度和精度。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Jane Eyre——A Feminist In The 19th Century

In the 19th century the society was controlled by men, and women were just appendants of them, they had not any rights and freedom. But Jane was an exception, she showed some characteristics of early feminist. Jane showed her characteristics of feminism in three aspects: rebellion, equality, and independence. These characteristics were helpful to her success, and feminism is the only way out for women of that time.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-