聚乙炔的链端定域态

本文用格林函数研究了聚乙炔的链端附近的电子态.计算了链端为单键或双键时可能出现的链端定域态,其结果是:单键链端可形成链端定域态,其能级位于能隙中央,定域范围约为10个原子,实际上是一个链端孤子;双键链端则不存在这种定态域.     

钠掺杂式聚乙炔中孤子晶格的局域振动模

从包含电子-电子相互作用和外库仑势的SSH推广模型出发,计算了在各个掺杂浓度(杂质等距离分布)下反式聚乙炔中孤子晶格周围的局域振动模.计算结果表明:在掺杂浓度为1.67%时,反式聚乙炔存在10个局域模;在浓度为3.33%~10.00%时,存在8个局域模;而在浓度大于13.33%时,所有的局域模都消失变为扩展模.     

聚乙炔中的孤子跃迁

孤子在聚乙炔链中的运动可用多声子理论来讨论,在此基础上,引进了耦合坐标 y,使其化成单自由度问题。求得了聚乙炔链中孤子的有效质量为5m_(?),得到了孤子运动跃迁势垒 w_λ(y),并讨论了它与电子晶格耦合参数λ的关系。     

碘掺杂聚乙炔的正电子湮没谱和结构缺陷转变

本文研究了反式碘掺杂聚乙炔[CH(I_3)_y]_x在室温下正电子湮没寿命随掺杂浓度y的变化关系,发现y约在0.0025和0.043处寿命谱出现明显的突变.计算了杂质势和链间耦合积分.用链间耦合随掺杂浓度增强的概念,说明了出现上述两个突变的原因和主要元激发的转变,解释了磁化率随掺杂浓度变化的实验规律,讨论了三个区域的导电模型和电导率随温度的变化关系.     

B、N掺杂对单层SnO磁性影响的第一性原理研究

采用自旋极化密度泛函理论的第一性原理计算方法,研究了非金属元素B或N替位掺杂对单层SnO电子结构和磁学性质的影响.计算结果表明,B或N原子掺杂单层SnO可以诱导出磁性,磁矩分别为0.84μB,0.44μB.在B-SnO掺杂体系中,磁矩主要来源于B-2p轨道和与之近邻的Sn-5p轨道.在N-SnO掺杂体系中,磁性主要来源于Sn-5p、O-2p和N-2p轨道.进一步研究两个B或两个N原子掺杂单层SnO的磁耦合发现,双B原子掺杂SnO超原胞的C1构型最为稳定,双N原子掺杂SnO超原胞的C4构型最为稳定,且都呈现出顺磁性.形成能计算表明,富Sn条件下更易于实现双原子掺杂.     

掺杂对双层黑磷烯磁性及其吸附钠的影响

采用第一性原理计算方法研究B、C、N、O、F、Al、Si和S替位掺杂对双层黑磷烯磁性及其吸附钠原子能力的影响.结果显示，O和F较易掺入黑磷烯；O、S、C、Si和F掺杂可诱导黑磷烯的磁性；S、C、Si和F掺杂导致黑磷烯由半导体性转为金属性，而B、N、O和Al掺杂只减小其带隙未改变其半导体性；杂元素的掺入可增强黑磷烯对钠的吸附能力.研究表明合适的杂元素掺入可有效调控黑磷烯的磁性和带隙宽度，提升其吸附钠的能力.     

钠掺杂反式聚乙炔中孤子晶格的局域振动模

从包含电子－电子相互作用和外库仑势的ＳＳＨ推广模型出发，计算了在各个掺杂浓度（杂质等距离分布）下反式聚乙炔中孤子晶格周围的局域振动模。计算结果表明：在掺杂浓度为１．６７％时，反式聚乙炔存在１０个局域模；在浓度为３．３３％～１０．００％时，存在８个局域模；而在浓度大于１３．３３％时，所有的局域模都消失变为扩展模。     

硅烯电极材料的第一性原理计算

用第一性原理计算硅烯在N和S原子共掺杂时的能带及电子态密度, 并研究硅烯量子电容与不同掺杂构型间的关系. 结果表明: 引入N/S和N/B共掺杂原子可导致Fermi能级处产生局域态; 在-0.6~0.6 V内, 用NSS,NS,NBB,NNB和NB掺杂硅烯的量子电容均增加, 其中NSS掺杂单空位硅烯在Fermi能级附近, 其量子电容为43.9 μF/cm2, 量子电容增加明显.     

掺杂反式聚乙炔中Site—type杂质势的唯象模型

利用ＳＳＨ模型讨论了Ｓｉｔｅ－ｔｙｐｅ杂质势对反式聚乙炔（ｔｒａｎｓ－ＰＡ）电子态的影响。具体计算表明：对各向同性情况，Ｓｉｔｅ－ｔｙｐｅ杂质势破坏了电子能谱的对称性，并使孤子能级发生移动，随着杂质离子与反式聚乙炔链间距的变化，它将引起孤子能级的变动。但不影响孤子局域化程度；而各向异性Ｓｉｔｅ－ｔｙｐｅ杂质势的不均匀性对ｔｒａｎｓ－ＰＡ的电子能谱及孤子局域化程度影响较大。     

Fe、Co、Ni掺杂磷烯的第一性原理研究

本文基于第一性原理研究了Fe、Co、Ni在P位吸附和掺杂磷烯的稳定性、能带结构、态密度以及差分电荷密度分布.结果表明:在吸附体系中,Co在P位的吸附的稳定性强于Fe、Ni吸附体系;在掺杂体系中,Fe、Co、Ni在P位掺杂的的稳定性较强的是Ni掺杂体系.Fe、Co、Ni在P位吸附磷烯,可以较好的调控能带结构,从而得到可控性能的半导体材料.在P位掺杂Fe、Co、Ni原子的带隙值分别为0.52、0.56和0.4eV.在Fe、Co、Ni掺杂位点上,近邻的两个磷原子周围出现了电子聚集的现象;原因在于Fe、Co、Ni的4s轨道上都有两电子,而非金属的磷原子较容易得到电子.     

Supply Chain Coordination by Single-Period and Long-Term Contracts with Fuzzy Market Demand

Due to the uncertainty of the market demand in the supply chain,this paper characterized market demand as a fuzzy variable and proposed single-period and long-term contracts to coordinate the two members(supplier and buyer)in the supply chain.Comparison of the effectiveness of the two contracts indicates that a long-term contract is more effective than a single-period contract in improving the profit potential of both the total supply chain and each member in the supply chain.This conclusion is useful to...     

Identification of globular mechanochemical heads of kinesin

Kinesin is a mechanoenzyme which uses energy liberated from ATP hydrolysis to transport particles towards the 'plus ends' of microtubules. The enzyme consists of two polypeptide heavy chains of relative molecular mass (Mr) approximately 110,000-140,000 (110K-140K) plus copurifying light chains; these polypeptides are arranged in a structure consisting of two globular heads attached to a fibrous stalk which terminates in a 'feathered' tail. Here we report that a function-disrupting monoclonal antikinesin, which binds to the 45K fragment of the kinesin heavy chain, recognizes an epitope located towards the N-terminal end of the heavy chain, and decorates the two globular heads lying at one end of the intact molecules (one antibody per head). The results show that the two heavy chains of native kinesin are arranged in parallel, and that the 45K fragments, which display nucleotide-sensitive interactions with microtubules, represent mechanochemical 'heads' located at the N-terminal regions of the heavy chains. Thus, it is likely that the kinesin heads are analogous to the subfragment-1 domains of myosin.     

Induction of light chain expression in a pre-B cell line by fusion to myeloma cells

Pre-B cells, the first cells in the B-lymphocyte differentiation pathway which express immunoglobulin, have recently been shown to express cytoplasmic mu heavy chain (H) but not light chain (L). If, as is believed, pre-B cells are the precursors of immature B lymphocytes, which express surface IgM, the differentiation of pre-B cells to immature B lymphocytes must be accompanied by the expression of light chains. In this case, it should be possible for the progeny of a single pre-B cell to express a variety of light chains in association with the same heavy chain. We have tested this hypothesis by hybridizing a pre-B cell line 18-81 expressing only cytoplasmic mu chains with variant myeloma cells which do not express light chains. Hybridization of B-lymphoma cells with myeloma cells usually produces a hybrid with the phenotype of the more differentiated parent. In this case, the fusion resulted in the induction of light chain expression from the 18-81 genes and we have been able to demonstrate that independent hybrids express different light chains, in accordance with the hypothesis that a pre-B cell committed to expression of a single mu heavy chain can generate progeny expressing different slight chains.     

离子型CoFe_2O_4磁性液体的宏观链径分布

利用Massart法制备了体积分数为0.4%的CoFe2O4磁性液体,在100～800Oe(1Oe=79.5775A/m)均匀磁场中利用光学显微镜分别观察了磁性液体宏观链的形态,测出了宏观链链径的分布.发现磁性液体在磁场100～500Oe内,链径满足双正态分布.提出磁性液体成链是由双因素主导的.利用六角模型,并构造链体系的混合熵,将链体系自由能最小化,得出了两个平均链径与磁场的数值关系.根据计算结果提出,宏观链径显双正态分布时,磁性液体处于两相混合相,随着外磁场增加,磁性液体内本身存在的微小预团聚体作为链核成链方式,逐步变为磁性液体内类"气"的颗粒受磁场"压缩"成链方式,磁性液体微结构也由混合相向六角("固")相转变.     

Interleukins 4 and 5 control expression of IL-2 receptor on murine B cells through independent induction of its two chains

Resting B cells express few, if any, receptors for interleukin-2 (IL-2), whereas activated B cells can express receptors for and respond to IL-2. IL-2 receptors can exist on the cell surface in three different forms; the complete high-affinity receptor, a heterodimer consisting of a chain of relative molecular mass (Mr) 70-75,000 (70-75K) and a chain of Mr 55K; the 70-75K chain alone, with intermediate affinity for IL-2; or the 55K chain alone, with low affinity for IL-2. We have previously reported that IL-5-stimulated B cells are induced to express the 55K chain. We report here evidence for the differential regulation of the expression of the two chains, namely that IL-4 and IL-5 can independently induce expression of the 70-75K and 55K chains respectively on murine B cells. As expected, cells stimulated to express the 55K chain alone are unresponsive to IL-2, whereas cells stimulated to express either the 70-75K chain or the 70-75/55K heterodimer respond to IL-2, at a high and low ligand concentration respectively, with a marked increase in proliferation. This orchestration of receptor expression and factor responsiveness may represent a novel activation pathway for B cells, where the two chains of a compound receptor are shown to be independently regulated.     

Localizing Test Power Consumption for Scan Testing

IntroductionScan design makes test generation of the circuit be thatof a combinational one . However , scan testing needs toscanin values of all scanflip-flops for eachtest patternthatcan make the test application cost and test powerconsumption prohibitively high. Test data volumecorresponding to scan testing is also large compared withthat of a non-scan circuit . The circuit can be burn out iftest power consumptionis toolarge during test application.Test data volume is also very i mportant f…     

二元链状分子吸附的Monte Carlo模拟

在格子模型中，采用计算机模拟方法了二元链状分子系统在固体表面的吸附行为。从微观角度获得了系统在达到平衡之前的动态吸附过程，得到了链长不等的两种键状 固体表面附近的总链节浓度与吸附构型浓度的平衡分布。研究结果表明，开始时，短链分子优先被吸附，此后逐渐被长链分子所取代；长链分子的吸附更有利于系统的稳定。     

The essential light chains constitute part of the active site of smooth muscle myosin

Myosin, a major contractile protein, characteristically possesses a long coiled-coil alpha-helical tail and two heads. Each head contains both an actin binding site and an ATPase site and is formed from the NH2-terminal half of one of the two heavy chains (relative molecular mass, Mr, 200,000) and a pair of light chains; the so-called regulatory and essential light chains of approximately Mr 20,000 each. Recently we have identified Trp 130 of the myosin heavy chain from rabbit skeletal muscle as an active-site amino-acid residue after labelling with a new photoaffinity analogue of ADP, N-(4-azido-2-nitrophenyl)-2-aminoethyl diphosphate (NANDP). Nonspecific labelling was eliminated by first trapping NANDP at the active site with thiol crosslinking agents. Exclusive labelling of the heavy chains with no labelling of the light chains agreed with previous findings that the heavy chains alone contain the actin-activated Mg-ATPase activity of rabbit skeletal myosin. Here we report similar photolabelling experiments with smooth muscle myosin (chicken gizzard) in which 3H-NANDP is trapped at the active site with vanadate and which show that both the heavy chains and the essential light chains are labelled. The results indicate that both chains contribute to the ATP binding site and represent the first direct evidence for participation of the essential light chains in the active site of any type of myosin.     

Two monoclonal antibodies against different antigens using the same VH germ-line gene

Immunoglobulin diversity seems to arise largely by three mechanisms: (1) the existence of several germ-line genes, which must be rearranged before expression--that is, V and J for the light (L) chains, V, D and J for the heavy (H) chains; (2) somatic events, including mutations and gene conversion; and (3) combinatorial association of heavy and light chains, leading to the proposal that random pairing of p X H and q X L chains might generate p X q antibody molecules expressing discrete specificities. As heavy and light chains derived from the same immunoglobulin molecule would frequently reassociate preferentially, it is likely that only a fraction of potential heavy--light pairs actually provides "valid' antibodies. As a consequence of combinatorial heavy--light chain pairing, antibodies of discrete specificities sharing the same VH region, associated with distinct light chains (or vice versa) should be encountered. We report here that two heavy chains, derived from the same VH germ-line gene, may be present in anti-NP or anti--GAT antibodies, depending on their association with a specific lambda or kappa light chain, respectively.     

供应链突现结构研究的一种集成模型

在对系统动力学和离散的基于代理建模的优、缺点进行分析的基础上,针对供应链模型的可用性和应用性的要求,将2种方法有机地组合起来,研究了供应链的集成建模方法.基于此方法,实现了一个简单供应链原型和代理内部结构,分析了订单履行策略和吸引力衰减时间对供应链结构的影响.最后将供应链集成建模方法拓展用于供应链配送能力计划决策研究,结果表明,该方法对于进一步研究供应链的突现结构和行为是十分有效的,可以显著减少模型的先验复杂性.