基于静压支承原理的多作用恒流轴向柱塞泵柱塞侧倾力平衡结构

对多作用恒流轴向柱塞泵的柱塞副进行了受力分析,建立了柱塞副侧倾力数学模型.为减小柱塞因受侧倾力而导致的摩擦磨损,提出了一种静压支承结构并对采用静压支承的柱塞副侧倾力进行了数值仿真与对比分析,同时对静压支承结构进行了容积效率分析.结果表明该静压支承结构能有效减小柱塞副的侧倾力与摩擦磨损,且能满足柱塞副的密封要求.     

防止平衡盘磨损方法探讨

目前海洋石油平台采用平衡盘平衡转子轴向力的多级离心泵,多数具有注水增压、污水输送等功能,由于平衡盘位于泵非驱动端壳体内部,日常维护和巡检时不能发现其磨损状态,而该类型的多级泵前后两端通常采用短圆柱轴承承受径向力,所以平衡盘与平衡板发生摩擦时前后轴承不会出现高温等征兆,因而不易被察觉,但是如果平衡盘过度磨损,必然导致转子整体向叶轮入口方向移动,造成转子与壳体摩擦,严重时造成泵的整体报废。从分析多级离心泵轴向力平衡装置原理入手,阐述防止平衡盘磨损的方法,以提高机泵的使用寿命。     

多级离心泵轴向力的静压支承平衡

固液两相流多级离心水泵轴向力平衡问题采用传统方法至今未获根本解决采用静压支承技术等新方法解决该问题已获得突破性进展,并对部分理论问题予以探讨。     

DC-12-5型离心泵平衡盘故障分析研究

本文计算了DC-12-5型离心泵叶轮产生的轴向力,井采用计算流体力学（cFD）方法对平衡盘产生的平衡轴向力进行了．数值模拟计算。结果表明,该平衡盘装置具有足够的平衡性能和较高的灵敏度。基于对计算结果的分析和对该离心泵平衡盘安装结构的观察分析,提出了端铣离心泵后盖背面、调整平衡环与主轴间的径向间隙,在平衡盘上车削环槽等改进措施。     

离心泵轴向力的产生与平衡

离心泵在运转时 ,在其转子上产生一个很大的作用力 ,由于此作用力的方向与离心泵转轴的轴心线相平行 ,故称为轴向力。轴向力对离心泵特别是多级离心泵的设计和运行质量有很大的影响。但在泵的传统理论和设计实践中 ,离心泵的轴向力问题是历史遗留的定量化程度最低的问题之一。长期以来 ,轴向力处于“既难准确计算 ,又难准确测量” ,目前还处于估测估算阶段。因此 ,在离心泵的设计和制造过程中 ,准确的计算、控制与平衡轴向力 ,就具有十分重要的意义。1　轴向力的产生1.1　由于叶轮外表面压力分布不对称所产生的轴向力。假定离心泵在正常运行…     

有关静压支承静、动态特性几个问题的探讨

本文对静压支承的基本原理作了介绍,对方形静压支承出封带的压力分布及出流量的计算方法,作了较细的分析,并对静压支承在交变载荷下滑履磨损的原因作了初步探讨.     

液体静压支承动态性能新表达式探索与实验验证

液体静压支承具有很多优良性能：高运动精度，低摩擦功耗，小轴心偏移，大承载能力，强抗振性能与长使用寿命等，但这些优良的静态性能必须在上佳的动态性能保证下才能充分显示出来，因此，液体静压支承静态性能保证机床运动与加工精度，而动态性能则保证设备的安全与工作条件。文章根据力平衡与流量连续条件建立支承系统传递函数，导出支承系统动态性能新表达式即稳定性判别、抗瞬态干扰能力、固有频率与在稳态周期干扰力作用下产生的动刚度与最大振幅。通过试验台实验证实，液体静压支承动态性能新表达式计算结果可靠而且物理概念清晰，公式简单，故可用于实际。     

基于CFD的船用离心泵口环磨损故障研究

为了研究发生口环磨损故障时船用泵的运行特性,以一台比转速为66.7的船用离心泵为研究对象,基于CFD研究了不同口环磨损情况下船用离心泵外特性、内部流场和叶轮表面径向力的变化规律.研究方案为前口环磨损(磨损量为f)、后口环磨损(磨损量为b)和前后口环同时磨损(磨损量为t)三种.结果表明:采用的数值模拟方法可靠;当口环磨损故障发生时,泵的扬程和效率均有所下降,磨损量f,b和t均为0.9mm时,泵扬程分别下降4.84%,1.07%和7.24%,效率分别下降11.74,6.51和16.25个百分点;前口环磨损对于泵性能的影响要大于后口环磨损,并且该模型泵对口环磨损量的敏感范围在0.0~0.6mm之间;三种方案的磨损量变化对泵内部静压影响顺序为t>f>b;口环磨损后,叶轮表面径向力减小,前后口环同时磨损时下降最大.研究结果可为船用离心泵故障监测及诊断提供依据.     

插齿机静压支承所受载荷的正交试验优化设计

针对插齿机高速运行过程中主轴转速、弹簧回复力、静压支承面摩擦系数等可控因素对静压支承所受载荷的影响问题，基于正交试验设计方法，利用多体动力学软件，建立了插齿机主传动系统虚拟样机模型，设计了9种试验组合方案，并对这些方案进行了仿真分析．利用极差分析法和方差分析法对仿真结果进行了分析，优选出静压支承所受载荷最小的组合方案．     

离心泵平衡腔压力特性及轴向力的试验研究

设计了针对平衡腔内液体压力的测试装置,采用改变叶轮后密封环直径和平衡孔直径的方法,对离心泵平衡腔液体压力进行了测试.结果表明:对不同直径平衡孔,平衡腔液体压力随后密封环直径增大而增大.为了解决相似平衡腔液体压力的计算问题,绘制出不同直径后密封环时平衡腔压力系数与比面积的无因次曲线,随着比面积的增大,压力系数先急剧减少然后趋于平缓.从控制轴向力提高容积效率角度,提出在不同直径叶轮后密封环时比面积存在最佳的设计范围,计算得出不同直径叶轮后密封环时选择合适的平衡孔能使水泵工作在零轴向力或较小的正负轴向力状态.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to