基于变步长随机共振的弱信号检测技术

针对绝热近似小参数随机共振难以满足工程实践中大参数下的弱信号检测，以及单一频率的共振分析在实际应用中的局限性问题，提出了一种变步长随机共振数值算法．该方法通过调整计算步长，使随机共振理论同时适用于犬、小参数条件下的弱信号特征提取．计算机仿真结果表明，对变步长随机共振后的信号作幅值谱和小波分析，均能准确得到低信噪比信号中的多个有用成分，充分证明该算法在大参数条件下可对弱信号中的多个特征频率产生共振输出．同时，变步长随机共振也可以有效抑制信号小波分解中由强噪声引起的边频干扰，提高小波分析在低信噪比信号检测中的可靠性．     

结合数字滤波技术的随机共振弱信号检测

应用数值计算研究强噪声背景下弱信号的随机共振检测. 探讨了大频率条件下非线性双稳态系统随机共振的输出信号幅值、 信噪比与随机噪声的关系, 数值计算结果表明, 非线性双稳态系统对大频率噪声具有较大的压制特性, 通过随机共振系统可以检测强噪声背景下的大频率弱信号. 结合数字滤波技术提取了大频率弱信号, 并获得被检测大频率弱信号的特征频率谱线及时域图像.      

非高斯平稳有界噪声激励下混沌系统动力学研究

为解决信号检测理论在通讯、雷达、声纳、故障诊断等领域应用受限的问题,提出了随机Melnikov方法研究非线性系统在微弱周期信号和噪声信号联合摄动下的混沌运动行为,得到了微弱周期信号和非高斯平稳有界噪声信号联合摄动下的混沌运动特征.混沌的临界幅值与噪声强度的关系表明,在不强的非高斯平稳有界噪声背景下,有界噪声增大了激励阈值,混沌现象不容易产生.     

基于D-J阈值的加性白噪声方差估计改进方法研究

本文提出了一种基于D-J阈值的加性白噪声方差估计方法．与中值方差估计方法相比，采用本文提出的方法估计的噪声方差从统计意义上看更准确，并具有更小的离散性．本文通过模拟的逐段光滑信号来评价该方法的有效性，并给出了与中值方差估计方法的比较结果．结果显示特别是在信号采样序列的长度有限时，采用本文方法可以获得比中值估计方法更准确、更可靠的白噪声方差估计．     

参数化S谱幅值调制及轴承故障诊断应用

针对传统谱幅值调制方法易受噪声影响的问题,利用参数化S变换得到信号在时频域中的幅值,提出了一种参数化S谱幅值调制方法。该方法首先使用参数化S变换将信号转换到时频域并得到幅值和相位,然后将不同权重赋予时频域中的幅值以改变不同能量频率成分在信号中的占比,最后将调制后的幅值与原相位结合,使用参数化S逆变换重构一系列修正信号并计算其平方包络谱以提取故障特征。仿真和实验结果表明,该方法获得的幅值信息相比传统谱幅值调制方法更加准确和全面,对强噪声环境更具鲁棒性,能够有效实现滚动轴承的外圈、内圈和复合故障诊断。将所提方法与传统谱幅值调制方法和快速谱峭度方法进行对比,证明了参数化S谱幅值调制既能检测强噪声环境下的轴承故障信息,又能同时提取多种故障分量,在滚动轴承的故障特征提取中更具优越性。     

基于标准差中位数的磁共振信号尖峰去除方法

针对核磁共振探测(SNMR: Surface Nuclear Magnetic Resonance）信号因受尖峰噪声干扰严重而导致其衰减形态被破坏的问题, 提出了基于标准差中位数的尖峰噪声筛选剔除方法。通过对重复采集的数据进行阈值设定, 准确识别并剔除信号中混入的随机性强、 幅值高的尖峰干扰。仿真实测结果表明, 该方法能有效去除大于信号幅值10倍的多处尖峰噪声, 同时能较好地还原真实信号的衰减形态。     

采用余弦拟合的随机共振反演技术研究

针对当前随机共振反演方法实施过程流程复杂、需要调节的参数繁多、对幅值的估计不准,以及难以处理频率相差较大的多频信号等诸多问题,提出了一种新的采用余弦拟合的随机共振反演算法.该算法采用移频变尺度随机共振检测频率,利用所得频率设计余弦曲线对输入信号进行最小二乘拟合,不需对特殊点进行特别处理,幅值不受波形畸变的影响,因此可以处理频率相差任意大小的多频信号.通过数值仿真和机车走行部故障的诊断,验证了该算法具有较强的工程实用性,同时结合频谱校正技术可以进一步提高该方法的精确性,更准确地检测出信号频率及幅值.     

基于改进阈值函数的体震信号平移不变去噪

体震信号微弱,受仪器、环境因素等方面的影响,常常含有大量噪声,研究一种基于改进阈值函数的平移不变法用于体震信号的去噪.针对体震信号选择了合适的小波基,说明了小波分解后各尺度上噪声方差的估计方法,分析了所改进阈值函数的性能及特点,并给出了算法的实现步骤.与基于硬、软阈值函数平移不变法的去噪效果比较,基于改进阈值函数平移不变法去噪后的体震信号波形平滑,特征点幅值无衰减.其功率谱密度与原始信号功率谱密度的对比结果表明,基于改进阈值函数的平移不变法能够在去噪的同时更好地保留原始体震信号的特征.     

无线电监测中调制信号特征提取算法

针对传统调制信号特征提取算法在噪声环境下存在识别准确度低、分类效果差等问题,基于已有的调制 信号处理方法,提出一种新的无线电监测中调制信号特征提取算法。首先构建无线电监测中各类调制信号的 数学模型,以此为基础通过仿真得到信号瞬时幅值、瞬时相位及瞬时频率的特征。分析当前信号调制方式识别 各类算法的优缺点,采用小波变换完成调制信号的降噪处理与突变边界特征提取算法的设计,利用零中心归一 化瞬时幅度的谱密度最大特征提取算法以及核判别分析算法对各类调制信号进行逐层提取,实现了各类调制 信号的完整分类与提取,提升了噪声环境影响下的特征信号提取精度、且分类效果较好,为无线电监测中调制 信号特征提取提供了有利科学依据。     

基于EEMD阈值的MOA避雷器泄漏电流去噪的研究

MOA避雷器泄漏电流中的阻性分量是反映MOA运行状态的有效特征量,但MOA通常运行在强电场和强磁场环境中,MOA避雷器在线监测系统采集的泄漏电流信号必然混叠很多噪声,不经有效的信号去噪即采用,会影响监测系统的信号处理、分析和MOA避雷器故障诊断的准确性。针对MOA避雷器泄漏电流的特点,结合通用阈值(sqtwolog)原则、启发式阈值(heursure)原则、无偏似然估计阈值(rigsure)原则和极值阈值(minimax)原则,提出了总体经验模态分解(简称EEMD)阈值去噪方法。采用均方根值、三次倍频幅值比和去噪后的波形这三个评价标准来判断EEMD阈值去噪的优劣,通过对信号仿真和现场采集的实测信号进行分析,得出基于无偏似然估计阈值原则是最佳的EEMD阈值去噪方法。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Jane Eyre——A Feminist In The 19th Century

In the 19th century the society was controlled by men, and women were just appendants of them, they had not any rights and freedom. But Jane was an exception, she showed some characteristics of early feminist. Jane showed her characteristics of feminism in three aspects: rebellion, equality, and independence. These characteristics were helpful to her success, and feminism is the only way out for women of that time.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-