多输入模糊神经网络结构优化的快速算法

采用规则前件提取,以获得较少的高效规则,对模糊神经网络(Fuzzy Neural Network)进行结构优化,解决了在多输入模糊系统中因规则数多导致的结构庞大问题,使之适用于多输入模糊系统．结构学习中采用竞争算法优化隶属函数,保证规则前件提取的高效;参数学习中采用梯度下降法调整网络参数。     

基于粒子群优化的网络安全态势要素获取

针对网络安全态势感知中态势要素获取困难问题,给出一种基于粒子群优化的网络安全态势要素获取模型.在获取模型中,引入模糊技术对输入的历史态势要素集进行模糊化预处理后,转化为模糊逻辑规则,映射到神经网络层与层之间,以提高神经网络的学习能力.利用粒子群优化算法优化神经网络的连接权以提高神经网络的学习精度和速度.仿真实验结果表明,该模型是一种有效可行的态势要素提取技术,并具有较好的泛化能力.     

基于自适应学习速率法的补偿模糊神经网络

为克服常规网络收敛速度慢、无法结合专家知识等缺点,引入补偿模糊神经元,结合模糊系统强大的知识表达能力和神经网络优秀的自学习能力,并利用自适应学习速率法动态地改变学习率.提出了一种新型的基于自适应学习速率法的补偿模糊神经网络,并将其应用到实际例子中.结果证明,它不仅能在线适当调整参数,还能动态地优化相应的模糊推理,加快训练速度.     

混合动力汽车能量管理控制器参数优化

设计了一种新的基于人工免疫网络优化的模糊神经混合动力汽车能量管理控制器．该控制器结合模糊控制和神经网络的优点,利用神经网络的自学习能力,自动生成模糊规则和隶属函数,并不断优化隶属函数的参数,直到达到设计要求．为了避免神经网络的学习过程陷入局部极值点,采用人工免疫网络优化神经网络的参数．仿真结果显示,经过参数优化的模糊神经能量管理控制器的性能比普通能量管理控制器好,能进一步降低HEV的油耗．     

一种新的模糊神经网络删剪策略

模糊规则的数量直接决定模糊神经网络结构的复杂度和效率.基于神经网络自构行学习(NNSCL)算法,用共轭剃度预条件正则方程算法求取删除隐层神经元后的剩余权值,得到改进的NNSCL-1算法.将此算法应用到模糊神经网络的规则推理层,可以极大地优化网络的规则及结构,并且结构优化后不需要重新训练也能保持网络的精确度和泛化能力.仿真结果显示了此算法的有效性和可行性.     

基于LM算法的相关模糊神经网络及其应用

针对输入变量相关性较高的非线性建模模型,经典模糊神经网络算法存在收敛速度缓慢、模糊规则数大、陷入局部最小值的问题。提出一种基于LM算法的相关模糊神经网络模型;该模型基于聚类思想,构建多变量高斯模糊隶属度函数,将其表示为不可分离的模糊关系来处理相关变量模型;再采用LM优化算法,通过Hessian矩阵和一阶梯度向量同时调整网络参数;并引入Cholesky定理缩减网络参数个数。应用LM算法的模糊神经网络模型实验结果表明,可以加快收敛速度、减少模糊规则数,比经典的模糊神经网络有更好的预测精度。     

基于聚类和文化算法的补偿模糊神经网络建模方法

根据补偿模糊神经网络的建模特点,提出了基于聚类和文化算法的补偿模糊神经网络建模方法。该网络的学习分为两步:结构辨识和参数辨识。在结构辨识中,采用改进的聚类算法确定模糊规则数及初始参数,构造一个初始模糊模型;在参数辨识中,采用基于多层信念空间的文化算法对具有5层结构的补偿模糊神经网络参数进一步优化,使其具有更高的精度。通过对TE过程的故障诊断建模,结果表明该网络在建模精度和收敛速度上均优于常规补偿模糊神经网络和常规模糊神经网络。     

最优模糊神经网络参数的设计--混沌模拟退火学习法

提出了一种新型优化算法———混沌模拟退火学习法,将混沌算法和模拟退火算法相结合学习模糊神经网络的结构和参数。首先将混沌变量引入模糊神经网络参数的优化搜索中,利用混沌变量的遍历性寻优,根据性能指标寻找较优的模糊神经网络控制器,然后在混沌优化确定的网络基础上,把经混沌搜索后得到的全局次优解作为模拟退火学习算法的初始值,再用模拟退火方法进一步学习网络的隶属函数和权值参数,找到一个全局最优的网络。仿真结果表明:混沌模拟退火学习法优于传统优化方法,其控制结果具有精度高、超调小和响应快的优点,为解决模糊神经网络控制器参数全局最优设计提供了一种切实有效的方法。     

基于T-S模型的模糊神经网络

一种基于Ｔａｋａｇｉ－Ｓｕｇｅｎｏ模型的模糊神经网络由前件网络和后件网络两部分组成。前件网络用来匹配模糊规则的前件，它相当于每条规则的适用度。后件网络用来实现模糊规则的后件。总的输出为各模糊规则后件的加权和，加权系数为各条规则的适用度。所提出的模糊神经网络具有局部逼近功能，且具有神经网络和模糊逻辑两者的优点。它既可以容易地表示模糊和定性的知识，又具有较好的学习能力。给出了调整规则后件参数及前件隶属度函数参数的学习算法，举例说明了它的逼近性能。     

改进型模糊神经网络模型的构造

利用模糊系统和神经网络的优势,构造一种改进型模糊神经网络模型.从极大-极小模糊算子的模糊神经元入手,提出改进的修改模糊权值的训练学习规则.改进后的模糊神经网络模型大大减少了运算量,提高了收敛速度.采用此学习算法对实际汽轮发电机组运行状态进行监测,结果表明,模型具有较强的状态监测能力,达到预期的目的.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Jane Eyre——A Feminist In The 19th Century

In the 19th century the society was controlled by men, and women were just appendants of them, they had not any rights and freedom. But Jane was an exception, she showed some characteristics of early feminist. Jane showed her characteristics of feminism in three aspects: rebellion, equality, and independence. These characteristics were helpful to her success, and feminism is the only way out for women of that time.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-