用有限体积法计算叶轮机械内三维粘性流动

用数值计算方法研究离心叶轮内流场的三维粘性流动.在流场计算中,利用有限体积法对三维N-S方程组进行差分离散,并应用SIMPLER算法来求解.在流场计算的基础上,应用速度矢量图等后处理方法来显示和研究湍流的存在与发展.并将数值模拟的结果与实验数据进行对比和分析.两者相符表明了该数值模拟的有效性.     

用有限体积法计算叶轮机械内三维粘性流动

用数值计算方法离心叶轮内流场的三维粘性流动,在流场计算中,利用有限体积法对三维Ｎ－Ｓ方程组进行差分离散,并应用ＳＩＭＰＬＥＲ算法来求解。在流场计算的基础上,应用速度矢量图等后处理方法来显示和研究湍流的存在与发展,并将数值模拟的结果与实验数据进行对比和分析,两者相符表明了该数值模拟的有效性。     

等宽明渠交汇水流数值计算

针对明渠交汇口缓流流动特性,分别应用水深平均H-L模型及k-ε模型建立了二维数值模型．水深方向采用静压假定,可模拟自由面和河床地形变化;应用交错网格上的有限体积法对方程组进行离散并采用水深-速度校正算法求解;每个代数方程求解采用TDMA逐行扫描法;针对交汇口几何特征,分区进行网格划分、应用实测资料对两种模型进行了验证比较,结果表明两种模型均可模拟明渠交汇口基本流动特性,但H-L模型所得的分离区计算结果比k-ε模型更为准确．     

收一扩喷管内二维紊流的数值研究

本文应用隐式有限差分理论对喷管内二维紊流流动进行了数值求解．采用了贴体曲线坐标系统，代数紊流方程模化紊流，整个流场用时间推进迭代方法获得．研究表明，控制方程右端粘性项矢是主变量欠的一个线性函数．文中所提供的计算方法与计算结果将为三维非定常计算打下基础．     

天然河道岸边排污的三维数值模拟

对某磷肥厂废水排入某江干流－河段形成的流场和浓度场的进行了三维数值模拟，并采用原观测资料对数学模型和计算方法进行了验证，三维计算中采用了实际的地形资料和标准k－ε模型方程组，成功地模拟了天然河流岸边水面排放形成的流场与浓度场，计算结果与原型观测数据具有良好的一致性。     

计算流体动力技术在水轮机优化设计中的应用

介绍了CFD技术在水轮机优化设计中的应用现状,提出了求解速度场和压力场的一种方法,论述了以三维流场的数值计算结果为基础,进行水轮机性能预测及能量损失分析的方法．并通过一尾水管的流场计算,给出了运用CFD技术计算所得的轴面流场分布图,印证了用计算机模拟代替模型试验的可能性．     

SF6压气式灭弧室冷态气流场与介质恢复强度计算

应用Ｔａｙｌｏｒ－Ｇａｌｅｒｋｉｎ法对可压缩气体非稳态控制方程组进行了数值求解，计算了ＳＦ６压气式断路器灭弧室在不同压比，不同喷口形状下的流场分布。通过对计算结果的分析，讨论了在不同情况下灭弧室对开断小电容性电流后的过电压的承受能力。     

三维流体诱发振动的理论模型与数值模拟

建立了三维流体诱发振动的理论及数值模型，采用任意拉格朗日-欧拉框架下的三维非定常Navier-Stokes方程组及波动方程组，分别描述了流体的流动及结构振动．流动及振动控制方程组分别采用基于非结构化运动网格上的有限体积法和有限差分法求解．对刚性、受限振动及自由振动的三维圆柱体进行了数值计算．结果表明：圆柱的自由振动基本上为Strouhal型涡诱发振动，即每个截面按“8”字型轨迹运动，且横向振幅远大于流向振幅，计算结果与现有的实验及数值解吻合较好．首次采用流体诱发振动模型对极限环振动模式进行了定量分析，发现在圆柱中间截面附近高频气动力对振动起阻尼作用，而在端面附近气动力与位移间的稳定相位差对振动起激励作用．     

串列叶栅静子粘性全三维流场的数值模拟

该文发展一种数值模拟串列叶栅静子内部流场的方法。应用有限体积法及Baldwin-Lomax紊流模型数值求解与时间相关的三维可压缩的薄层Nayier-Stokes方程组。对法国。Turmo-Ⅲc小型航空发动机静子串列叶栅流场作了计算与分析。在中径处，前、后排叶片吸力面上的附面层很薄，尾迹宽度比较窄。由于前、后排尾迹同端壁附面层相互干扰，机匣及轮毂附近尾迹较宽。应用法国ONERA某静子平面串列叶栅作为验证算例，计算与试验结果一致，表明了该文算法的可靠性。     

吸气罩流场的分区边界积分法求解

将吸气罩流场计算区域分成两个子区域，分别推导出各子区域边界积分方程，并将各子区域方程组合成一个方程，利用边界元法进行求解．     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Jane Eyre——A Feminist In The 19th Century

In the 19th century the society was controlled by men, and women were just appendants of them, they had not any rights and freedom. But Jane was an exception, she showed some characteristics of early feminist. Jane showed her characteristics of feminism in three aspects: rebellion, equality, and independence. These characteristics were helpful to her success, and feminism is the only way out for women of that time.     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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