Structures of Silk Fibers Grafted with Hexafluorobutyl Methacrylate

The relationship between the graft yield and the effect of hexafiuorobutyl methacrylate graft treatment on the structural changes of the silk fibers was studied on the basis of the results of scanning electron micrograph photographs （SEM）, infrared spectroscopy （IR）, Raman spectrum, wide-angle X-ray diffraction patterns （WAXD）, nuclear magnetic resonance（NMR） and amion acid analysis. The results showed that the crystalline regions of grafted fibers were hardly affected and the fiber fission occurred on the cross sections of grafted fibers. The surface of fibers was covered with a high polymer film. The Raman spectrum showed there was little change in the conformation of grafted fibers which mainly remained β-sheet conformation. The IR of the grafted silk fibers showed new absorption of bands occurred which belonged to the stretching-vibrationabsorption-peak bands of Vo-o and VC-F of aliphatic ester species. The CF3-, -CF2- and -CFH- grafted silk macromodecul were verified in the NMR spectrum. The amion acid analysis indicated fluoride monomers were inclined to graft with TYR, ARG and CLU silk fibers.     

Structure and Properties of Silk Fibers Grafted with Vinyl Siloxane Monomer

IntroductionSilk are used extensively in textile field because of itsexcellent characteristics , but silk crease and yellow easily .Grafting of silk fibers with vinyl monomers is considered asan effective method to substantially i mprove its intrinsicproperties . The most popular vinyl monomers currently usedare methyl methacrylate[1 ,2], hydroxypropyl methacrylate[3]and methacrylamide[4]etc .. The properties of silk fibersgrafted with these monomers were i mproved . But thephysical propertie…     

β-环糊精与六种不同纤维接枝反应历程的研究

根据β-环糊精(β-CD)分子形态和空腔的结构特性,分析和探讨了β-CD与6种不同纤维的反应历程,分别为:通过以环氧基为交联桥,制备β-CD接枝纤维素纤维;采用β-CD和1,2,3,4-丁烷四羧酸对羊毛织物进行接枝研究;利用含磺酸基的β-CD对聚酰胺纤维进行改性,将β-CD接枝到聚酰胺纤维上;选用乙二醛或戊二醛为交联剂改性壳聚糖生成交联结构并接枝到壳聚糖纤维上;以邻碘酰基苯甲酸为氧化剂合成环糊精单醛,在弱酸性的条件下通过还原氨化反应接枝到蚕丝纤维上;利用β-CD与多元羧酸反应所得的共聚物接枝聚酯纤维.     

Structural Changes of Polyethylene Terephthalate Fibers Grafted by Acrylamide

A group of grafted PET fibers with different graft yield are formed by grafting acrylamide onto the PET main chains. The structure of grafted fibers are studied by scanning electronic microscope ( SEM ), infra-red spectrophotometer ( IR ), and differential scanning calorimetry(DSC). At the same time, the moisture regain, dyeability, strength, and elongation at break of the samples are measured and their relations with structural changes are discussed. Compared with ungrafted fiber, shape of the fiber cross-section, IR characteristic absorption peaks, and melting behavior of the grafted fibers have been changed, causing the fiber dyeability and moisture regain to be increased, and mechanical properties to be changed.     

丙烯酸改性黏胶纤维及其吸水性研究

为提高黏胶纤维的吸水性,以硝酸铈铵(CAN)硝酸溶液为引发剂、丙烯酸(AA)为亲水单体、去离子水为溶剂,采用自由基聚合法进行黏胶纤维的接枝共聚反应。利用红外光谱仪(FT-IR)、X射线光电子能谱仪(XPS)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)和X射线衍射仪(XRD)等对接枝黏胶纤维的结构进行研究,同时探讨了接枝共聚反应条件对改性黏胶纤维接枝率和吸水性能的影响。结果表明,黏胶纤维表面成功接枝上聚丙烯酸,且当硝酸铈铵、硝酸、丙烯酸的质量分数分别为10%、1.0%、2.0%,反应温度为60℃时,改性黏胶纤维的接枝率和吸水倍率达到最大值。     

Lyocell纤维在NaOH溶液中膨胀规律的研究

研究了Lyocell纤维在NaOH溶液中膨胀的规律.发现在11%左右浓度的NaOH溶液中,Lyocell纤维的径向膨胀率最大.揭示了Lyocell纤维经NaOH溶液反复膨胀处理后呈现的一些特点,并结合Lyocell纤维的结构特点对这一现象给以初步的解释.     

Lyocell纤维在NaOH溶液中膨胀规律的研究

研究了 Lyocell纤维在 Na OH溶液中膨胀的规律 .发现在 1 1 %左右浓度的Na OH溶液中 ,Lyocell纤维的径向膨胀率最大 .揭示了 Lyocell纤维经 Na OH溶液反复膨胀处理后呈现的一些特点 ,并结合 Lyocell纤维的结构特点对这一现象给以初步的解释 .     

甲基丙烯酸羟乙酯接枝改性真丝织物的研究

本文以甲基丙烯酸羟乙酯（HEMA）为单体，过硫酸钾为引发剂．对真丝织物进行接枝改性处理。探讨了不同处理条件对接枝效果及其真丝织物性能的影响。研究表明．选用合适的工艺参数对蚕丝织物进行接枝处理，在保持真丝绸原有风格的同时．可获得较好的改性效果。     

丝素蛋白纤维的接枝聚合（Ⅱ）──无引发剂存在时丝素蛋白纤维接枝烯类单体

研究了无引发剂存在时丝素蛋白纤维与烯类单体的接枝聚合反应．与四价铈盐引发的接枝聚合相比，无外加引发剂存在时的接枝聚合，可以获取高得多的接枝率和单体的接技效率．这种接枝聚合方法是丝素蛋白纤维的一种更为有效的改性方法．接枝０．６％２－羟基－４－丙烯酰氧二苯酮（ＨＡＯＢＰ）的丝素蛋白纤维，其热稳定性及紫外稳定性均得到了显著的改善，但力学性能没有下降．     

Blended Yarns of Modacrylic Fibers with Silk Protein

The fiber properties of modacrylic fibers with silk protein and spinning technology for blended knitting yarns are studied. By testing the fiber properties, fiber spinn-ability is analysed. Modacrylic fibers with silk protein are brittle and have poor cohesion, so the key to process modacrylic fibers with silk protein lies in forming lap and sliver. During opening and carding, low speed is used to decrease fiber damage and the proper static resistant oil is applied to eliminate lapping fibers. Besides, the temperature and relative humidity have to be strictly controlled. The applications of modacrylic fibers with silk protein are also put forward.     

VAPOR PHASE PHOTOGRAFTING OF ACRYLIC ACID ON PE FIBERS

The surface of high strength and high modulus polyethylene (PE) fiber has been modified bygrafting with acrylic acid.Benzophenone and acrylic acid in vapor phase were UV-irradiated in thepresence of the PE tiber substrate.Grafting with acrylic acid took place in a thin layer on the sur-face,thus increasing the surface adhesion of PE fiber with epoxy resin.This paper dealt withphoto-polymerization reactions including the role of photoinitiator.The degree of graft increasedwith the enhancing of reaction time,reaction temperature and concentration of initiator.Acetonewas used as carriers of monomer and tiator and able to initiate and promote grafting to the sur-face.ATR-IR and SEM measurements on the grafted surface showed that some polar groups wereintroduced to the surface of PE fibers.Oligomer which existed during the polymerization could beremoved by washing with benzene.     

静电纺丝法制备溶解型胶原蛋白肽/丝素蛋白复合纤维面膜

采用静电纺丝技术制备了一种溶解型贴式面膜。将胶原蛋白肽、丝素蛋白两种精华成分加入8%聚乙烯吡咯烷酮（PVP）的甲酸溶液中作为纺丝液,以旋转滚筒作为接收装置进行静电纺丝。探究了共混比例、纺丝液浓度及透明质酸添加量对静电纺丝纤维的影响。通过扫描电子显微镜、电子万能实验机对纤维形貌和纤维膜的力学强度进行测试表征,随后进一步对面膜的保湿补水性能进行测试,分析了该纤维膜的实际功效。结果表明,复合纤维具有较均一的形貌,膜布本身可以起到精华液的作用,具有良好的溶解性,能够起到较好的保湿补水作用。     

利用蚕丝制作的微米光器件的研究

利用Na2CO3水溶液将蚕茧去除丝胶得到直径为5～15μm的生物纤维,采用扫描电镜(SEM)和透射电镜(TEM)观察了其形貌特征。通过倏逝波耦合的方法,利用SiO2微纳光锥将波长为671 nm的红光、532 nm的绿光、473 nm的蓝光分别耦合进入微米蚕丝生物光纤,分析了其导光特性,测量了光在蚕丝纤维中的传输损耗。制作了2×2、3×1、1×4、环形等光子结构。实验证明蚕丝微米生物光纤具有良好的柔韧性和表面光滑度,其中波长为532 nm的绿光在直径为9.0μm的蚕丝纤维中传输时的损耗为0.78 dB.mm-1。     

PET纤维上SuMA的紫外光接枝及对蛋白质的固定化

通过使用ＮａＩＯ４而不需除氧的条件下,利用紫外光接枝技术,成功地将ＳｕＭＡ或ＳｕＭＡ和ＨＥＭＡ二元单体共接枝到ＰＥＴ纤维上。在相同ＳｕＭＡ单体浓度下,ＨＥＭＡ的加入能显著提高ＳｕＭＡ的接支率。     

高吸水涤纶的催化碱处理

本文讨论了改性涤纶在催化剂存在下的碱处理反应机理,以及碱处理条件如温度、碱浓、催化剂浓度和碱处理时间与纤维减量率的关系。导出了减量率与时间、温度的关系式。并用扫描电镜观察了纤维的表面形态结构。实验结果表明,改性高吸水涤纶的碱减量不仅与纤维组成,纤维结构,还和处理条件有关。催化剂的引入可大大减少处理时间,降低处理温度。因此可节省能源,降低单耗和改善工作条件。     

棉纤维/季铵盐接枝共聚物的合成及抗菌性能研究

采用硝酸铈铵为引发剂,在棉纤维表面引发甲基丙烯酸二甲氨基乙酯(DMAEMA)接枝聚合,并使接枝的DMAEMA季铵化,以赋予棉纤维良好的抗菌性能。实验对影响DMAEMA接枝率的关键因素进行了细致研究,发现,当φ(DMAEMA)为10%,引发剂浓度为20 mmol/L,pH为1～1.5时,在45℃反应5 h后,得到较好的接枝效果。同时发现,溶剂类型对棉纤维/DMAEMA接枝共聚物的季铵化反应影响很大,丙酮对季铵化最为有利。接枝率的提高可加强棉纤维/季铵盐接枝共聚物的抗菌性能;与单独采用溴代正丁烷为季铵化试剂相比,先后采用溴代正丁烷和溴代十二烷作为季铵化试剂,所得材料的抗菌性能更为优良,说明长链季铵盐聚合物与短链季铵盐聚合物间存在协同抗菌作用。     

热处理对桑蚕丝纤维结构与性能的影响

文章以普通桑蚕丝纤维和经壳聚糖处理的桑蚕丝纤维为研究对象,对其进行热处理,研究热作用对其结构与性能的影响.研究结果表明,两种真丝纤维经热处理后均产生失重与泛黄现象,且壳聚糖处理真丝纤维较普通桑蚕丝更明显.热处理后,普通桑蚕丝纤维结晶度提高,壳聚糖处理真丝纤维结晶度下降,同时其纤维表面出现皱缩条纹.经壳聚糖处理的真丝纤维更易老化.     

稀土固着丝胶增重真丝纤维的结构变化

用稀土金属离子通过形成配位结合来固着丝胶，制备了不同增重率的丝纤维，研究了增重丝纤维结构变化。与未增重丝纤维相比，增重丝纤维的纵向形态和截面形态发生了变化，增重丝纤维中氮元素和碳元素的含量呈下降趋势，增重丝纤维中极性氨基酸含量增加，增重丝纤维的结晶度随着增重率的增加而下降，增重丝纤维热分解峰顶温度变化不明显。     

钙盐处理对柞蚕丝与桑蚕丝结构和性能的影响

钙盐处理是蚕丝纤维改性的一种重要方法.研究了桑蚕丝与柞蚕丝经氯化钙溶液处理后的溶失行为、形态结构、化学组成和结晶结构的变化.在相同处理条件下,柞蚕丝的溶失率比桑蚕丝小;两种蚕丝断裂强度的下降幅度一致;但柞蚕丝的断裂伸长增加,而桑蚕丝降低.经过钙盐处理,两种丝素的构象都会由β折叠向α螺旋或无规卷曲转变,但这种转变对桑蚕丝更为明显.钙盐处理30min后,柞蚕丝的结晶度上升,而桑蚕丝的结晶度下降.扫描电镜观察显示两种蚕丝均发生了分纤行为,但柞蚕丝变化不如桑蚕丝明显,内部孔洞也没有桑蚕丝多.     

原位接枝剑麻纤维增强聚丙烯复合材料研究

用硝酸铈铵作引发剂,将甲基丙烯酸甲酯(MMA)原位接枝到剑麻纤维(SF)的表面,考察了引发剂浓度和MMA/SF质量比对接枝率的影响。用注塑成型工艺制备了剑麻纤维/聚丙烯(PP)复合材料及MMA接枝SF/PP复合材料,研究了剑麻长度、含量、接枝率以及不同预处理对复合材料力学性能的影响,对长度10mm的剑麻纤维,其接枝率为31.5%时,5wt%的剑麻掺量下试样的抗拉强度可达31.1MPa,对应断裂伸长率为19.3%.