表面修饰的Bi2O3纳米微粒的光学特性

实验发现,当波长为?632.8?nm?的基模(TEM00)He-Ne激光入射到厚度为?5?mm?的包覆十二烷基苯磺酸钠(DBS)的Bi2O3样品上时,在观察屏上出现多重衍射环,这是空间自相位调制的结果. 同时,还发现样品具有自聚焦、自陷和自散焦现象. 实验结果表明包覆DBS的Bi2O3纳米微粒具有大的非线性系数(n2=3.0×10-5?esu).     

Bi2Fe4O9亚微米棒的共沉淀法制备及光电性能研究

以NaOH为沉淀剂,用共沉淀法制备了纯相Bi2Fe4O9样品。扫描电镜观察发现Bi2Fe4O9晶粒为横截面近似呈正方形的亚微米棒,通过改变沉淀剂NaOH的量可以控制Bi2Fe4O9亚微米棒的尺寸,用透射电子显微镜确定出Bi2Fe4O9亚微米棒的横截面为(001),侧面为(110)和(110)。光电流测试结果表明,Bi2Fe4O9亚微米棒具有非常好的光电转换特性,其中长棒状的Bi2Fe4O9在可见光和模拟日光下的光电流分别是29.6和37.6μA/cm2。不同尺寸Bi2Fe4O9亚微米棒的光电流测试结果表明,其光电流大小与外露面的面积和光吸收能力有关,Bi2Fe4O9亚微米棒的长度越长产生的光电流越大。     

Fe3O4/Bi2O3复合粒子的制备及其可见光催化性能

首先通过共沉淀法制备Fe3O4磁粒子,然后采用水热法制备Fe3O4/Bi2O3复合粒子,并利用X-射线衍射、X-光电子能谱、扫描电子显微镜等进行表征。结果表明,复合粒子由Fe3O4和Bi2O3组成,形貌呈球形,具有三维多级结构。在可见光照射下,所制备的复合粒子对罗丹明B的降解率达95.2%。降解完成后,在外界磁场的作用下,Fe3O4/Bi2O3很快从体系中分离,可进行重复利用,实现循环催化。实验发现,Fe3O4/Bi2O3经5次循环催化后,对罗丹明B的降解率仍达93%以上。     

Bi含量对SrBi4Ti4O15铁电材料性能的影响

按n(Sr)n(Bi)n(Ti)为14(1+x)4(x=-0.05,0,0.05,0.10,0.15,0.20)配料,采用固相烧结工艺,制备了不同Bi含量SrBi4Ti4O15的陶瓷样品.用X射线衍射对样品的微结构进行了分析,并测量了其铁电、介电性能.结果发现x=0.05,0.10的样品形成单一的SrBi4Ti4O15相.x=0.05时,材料具有较好的铁电与介电性能剩余极化强度2Pr=2.86×10-9C@m-2,矫顽电场强度Ec=8.65×106V@m-1,介电性能在频率f=1 kHz～4 MHz范围内变化不大,f=1 MHz时,介电常数εr=425.     

Ti掺杂Bi2O3的光催化性能

采用溶胶—活性炭浸渍法制备了掺杂不同比例Ti的Bi2O3粉体光催化剂,并利用X射线衍射分析(XRD)、BET比表面积测试法(BET)、扫描电镜分析(SEM)、紫外—可见光漫反射谱(UV-Vis DRS)等技术对其进行了表征。表征结果显示,掺Ti的Bi2O3样品在紫外区有比纯Bi2O3更强的吸光性能。通过对甲基橙在紫外光(λmax=365 nm)下的降解实验评价光催化剂的光催化活性,考察不同钛掺杂量及不同焙烧温度对光催化性能的影响。结果表明,当光催化剂中钛掺杂摩尔百分含量为3%,焙烧温度为300℃,其光催化活性最好。当催化剂用量为2 g/L时,在120 min内,对浓度为20 mg/L的甲基橙溶液进行光催化降解,其降解率达96.4%。     

(Bi3.15Nd0.85)(Ti2Fe0.5Co0.5)O11.5陶瓷的制备及多铁性能表征

采用改进的固相反应法制备(Bi3.15Nd0.85)(Ti2Fe0.5Co0.5)O11.5陶瓷.多铁性能测试结果表明,陶瓷样品具有室温多铁性.样品的剩余磁化为~77memu/g,剩余极化为~1.7μC/cm2,且磁场对介电频谱的影响证实该陶瓷样品的室温磁电耦合效应.     

Bi2Fe4O9的制备及光催化性能研究

用Bi(NO3)3.5H2O和Fe(NO3)3.9H2O为基本原料,采用共沉淀法合成了Bi2Fe4O9粉体,用XRD和SEM测试了不同制备条件下得到的Bi2Fe4O9粉体的晶体结构和形貌,XRD结果表明在650℃～750℃直接煅烧2h可得到纯相Bi2Fe4O9粉体,SEM结果表明随着灼烧温度的提高,晶粒的尺寸增加,750℃时晶粒呈片状,UV-Vis分析表明,Bi2Fe4O9在可见光区域有较强的吸收,光催化性能表明,Bi2Fe4O9粉体对甲基橙降解效果较好。     

一个镧/铋异金属杂化分子［Nd(DMF)8·Bi2I9］n的结构与性能

Nd(NO3)3·6H2O、Bi(NO3)3·5H2O和NaI在DMF溶液中反应得到一个新颖镧/铋异金属杂化分子[Nd(DMF)8·Bi2I9]n(1)(DMF=N,N'-二甲基甲酰胺),用X-射线单晶衍射进行结构确定,并用红外、紫外、荧光光谱表征.根据结构解析,化合物(1)为单斜晶系,P2(1)/c空间群,分子式C24H56Bi2I9N8NdO8,Mr=2289.07,单胞参数:a=1.011 6(2)nm,b=2.246 5(5)nm,c=2.672 8(7)nm,β=97.915(9)°,V=6.016(2)nm3,Z=4,Dc=2.527 g·cm-3,F(000)=4 092,μ(Mo Kα)=11.343 mm-1,最终偏离因子R1=0.071 7,wR2=0.124 3.其结构由[Nd(DMF)8]3+阳离子和无机(Bi2I9)3-聚阴离子组成,它们之间通过多样C—H…I氢键相互作用拓展为一个3-D结构异金属杂化网络.光学吸收谱表明其带隙为2.23 eV,具有半导体性质.荧光光谱表明其荧光发射包含有机和无机的贡献,实现功能复合.     

Bi_2O_3掺杂对TSMTG法单畴YBCO超导块材性能的影响

本文采用顶部籽晶熔融织构法(TSMTG)成功地将Bi2O3掺杂到YBCO超导块材中,研究了Bi2O3掺杂含量对单畴YBCO超导块材生长形貌和磁悬浮力的影响.结果表明,在YBa2Cu3O7-δ(Y123):Y2BaCuO5(Y211)=1:0.4不变的情况下,掺杂的Bi2O3粉体在样品内部均生成了Y2Ba4CuBiOx纳米粒子.当Bi2O3添加量x≤1.5wt%时,样品均可长成完整的单畴YBCO超导块材,且样品的磁悬浮力随着Bi2O3掺杂量的增加而增大;当x1.5wt%时,YBCO超导块材的单畴区域随着Bi2O3掺杂量的增加而逐渐减小,且随机成核现象严重,磁悬浮力降低;当x=1.5wt%时,样品的磁悬浮力最大.该结果对缩短样品制备的周期及进一步提高超导块材性能具有十分重要的意义.     

纳米Bi_2O_3粉体的制备与性质研究

本文采用均匀沉淀法合成了纳米Bi2O3粉体材料,应用TEM、XRD、XPS对其形貌和结构进行了表征。通过实验研究确定纳米Bi2O3粉体最佳工艺条件:Bi3+溶液的浓度为0.125 mol.L-1;DBS作为添加剂,其最佳浓度为0.023 mol.L-1;最佳焙烧温度750℃。     

Lead-bismuth-free piezoceramics （Na0.5K0.44Li0.06）Nb0.95Sb0.05O3-Na5.6Cu1.2Sb10O29

Newly developed sintering aid Na5.6Cu1.2Sb10O29 (NCS) and lead-bismuth-free piezoceramics (Na0.5K0.44Li0.06) Nb0.95Sb0.05O3 (NKLNS) were prepared by the conventional solid state reaction. The effects of sintering aid NCS on the electrical properties of NKLNS were investigated. It was found that the addition of a proper amount of sintering aid NCS to NKLNS is effective not only on improving the density and the piezoelectric activity, but also on reducing the dielectric loss of NKLNS. The NKLNS doped with 0.4 mol% NCS has a piezoelectric constant d33 as high as 261pC/N and an electromechanical coupling factor k33 above 60%. These results show that NCS-doped NKLNS is a promising and practicable candidate for lead-bismuth-free piezoceramics.     

Single-negative properties of Ba2Co1.8Cu0.2Fe12O22 and Ba3Co2Fe23.4Zn0.6O41 hexagonal ferrites

The electromagnetic properties of Ba₂Co_1.8Cu_0.2Fe₁₂O₂₂ (Co₂Y) and Ba₃Co₂Fe_23.4Zn_0.6O₄₁ (Co₂Z) were studied by measuring microwave scattering parameters. In the transmission spectra of Ba₂Co_1.8Cu_0.2Fe₁₂O₂₂, a forbidden band emerges due to ferromagnetic resonance, and the permeability will turn to negative in the vicinity of the ferromagnetic resonance frequency. In the complex permittivity spectra of Ba₃Co₂Fe_23.4Zn_0.6O₄₁, the negative permittivity can be obtained due to dielectric resonance. Therefore, Co₂Y and Co₂Z can be used to construct left-handed materials possessing negative permeability and negative permittivity simultaneously.     

TiO2/Al2O3-Al2O3-TiO2/Al2O3绝缘结构的真空沿面闪络特性

基于变插入层介电常数的多层绝缘结构能改善电场分布、提高真空沿面闪络特性.通过真空热压烧结制备了TiO2/Al2O3-Al2O3-TiO2/Al2O3(A-B-A)3层绝缘结构,A层w(TiO2)为0.5%到20%.测量了该绝缘结构的真空沿面闪络特性,发现闪络特性随w(TiO2)的增加而提高,当w(TiO2)为20%时,其脉冲初次闪络电压较同等厚度的Al2O3陶瓷提高了63%.研究发现:A层的介电常数可由w(TiO2)调控,介电常数的增大能有效降低真空-绝缘子-阴极三结合点处的电场强度;A层表面存在的TiO2颗粒可以减小二次电子发射系数并改善表面电荷分布;TiO2的电导率虽比Al2O3高,但其仍为绝缘体,即使TiO2含量较高时也不会形成贯穿的导电通道.     

CaO-ZrO2-TiO2-Al2O3-B2O3-SiO2玻璃陶瓷的制备及化学稳定性研究

玻璃陶瓷是固化处理中、高放废物和α废物较为理想的候选材料之一。研究了特定条件下制备的CaO-ZrO2-TiO2-Al2O3-B2O3-SiO2体系玻璃陶瓷在水淬和空气中自然冷却的两种冷却制度对其结晶行为和显微结构的影响,用粉末浸泡实验方法测试了其化学稳定性。结果表明:自然冷却形成的玻璃陶瓷晶相主要是ZrSiO4和ZrTiO4;在25～70℃范围内,温度对玻璃陶瓷浸出率无明显影响,90℃下浸出率比25℃,40℃,70℃的浸出率高一个数量级;7 d元素总的归一化浸出为1.87 g/m2。     

在Na3AlF6-AlF3-CaF2-LiF-Al2O3体系中低温铝电解

Based on the main physico-chemical properties of Na₃AlF₆-AlF₃-CaF₂-LiF-Al₂O₃ system studied, including liquidus temperature、electrical conductivity and bath density, a laboratory scale vertical discharging aluminum type electrolysis cell of about 100A capacity was run with TiB₂ cathodes and low molar ratio(1.5～2.0) electrolytes at 800～930℃ range. Aluminum metal was obtained with 84.6%～88.3% current efficiencies and 11.54～11.83 kW^.h/kg specific energy consumption.     

关于Euler-致型方程x^2-D1y^2=2s^2和x^2-D2y^2=-2t^2

设D1，D2是无平方因子正整数，该文给出了方程组x^2-D1y^2=2s^2和x^2-D2y^2=-2t^2有本原整数解(x，y，s，t)的必要条件。     

Crystallization Mechanism of Na2O-CaO-Al2O3-SiO2-F- Glass Containing Cr2O3

The effect of Cr₂O₃ on the nucleation and crystallization of Na₂O-CaO-Al₂O₃-SiO₂-F- glass has been investigated by means of ESR(Electron Spin Resonance), SEM(Scanning Electron Microscope), EDS(Energy Dispersive Specrometer) and so on. Computer pattern recognition is applied to optimize the heat-treatment schedules. The experimental results show that the base glass containing more than 1.5 % (mass fraction) Cr₂O₃ can be nucleated internally and converted to spheroidal crystal glass materials. The spheroidal crystal consisted of fibrous wollastonite crystals radiating from a center. The residual glass phase filled in the interstices between the fibers and between the spherulites. During heat treatment process, the valence states ofchromium changed from Cr6- to Cr3-, and the Cr-spinel solidsolution [CaCr₂O₄] precipitated followed this valence change. At the primary stage of crystallization, the Cr-spinel could act as a nucleating center on which the principal or}stalline phase β-CaSiO₃ grew epitaxially.     

二维磁性NbSi2N4-WSi2N4-NbSi2N4异质结的光生电流效应

采用量子输运方法研究了二维(2D)磁性NbSi₂N₄-WSi₂N₄-NbSi₂N₄面内异质结的光生电流效应.该异质结具有C2v非空间反演对称性,在可见光范围内,用线偏光垂直及倾斜照射时,均能激发显著的光生电流效应,产生自旋极化且偏振敏感的光电流.光电流与偏振角(θ)和入射角(α)均为余弦依赖(cos(2θ),cos(2α))关系.两种照射方式下均能产生纯自旋流及完全自旋极化的光电流.在垂直照射时,能取得完美的自旋阀效应.这些结果表明,二维磁性NbSi₂N₄-WSi₂N₄-NbSi₂N₄异质结在低能耗自旋电子学及低维光电探测领域具有应用潜力.