最优Fuzzy-GA PID控制器及其应用

提出了一种基于模糊推理与遗传算法的最优PID控制器的设计方法 .该控制器由离线和在线 2部分组成 .在离线部分 ,以系统响应的超调量、上升时间及调整时间为性能指标 ,利用遗传算法搜索出一组最优的PID参数K p ,T i 及T d ,作为在线部分调节的初始值 ;在在线部分 ,采用一个专用的PID参数优化程序 ,以离线部分获得的K p ,T i 及T d 为基础 ,根据系统当前的误差e和误差变化率 e ,通过模糊推理在线调整系统瞬态响应的PID参数 ,以确保系统的响应具有最优的动态和稳态性能 .计算机仿真结果表明 ,与传统的PID控制器相比 ,这种最优PID控制器具有良好的控制性能和鲁棒性能 ,可用于控制不同的对象和过程     

风力发电机组最佳功率追踪自适应模糊PID控制

针对变速恒频风力发电系统,以额定风速以下风能的最大利用率为目标,设计了基于自适应模糊PID控制的风能最佳利用追踪控制器.该控制器对叶尖速比进行控制,运行时根据实际输出的叶尖速比与其最优值间的误差及误差变化率在线实时调整PID参数,实现自整定,达到风能利用系数最佳的功率追踪目标.通过仿真对几种控制方法进行对比分析,结果表明,自适应模糊PID控制能够将风能利用系数和叶尖速比均控制在最优值附近,系统的稳态性能和动态性能都较好,控制效果优于PID控制和模糊控制.     

灰色预测模糊自调节PID控制器及其仿真

结合灰色预测、模糊自调节与传统PID控制的设计思想,提出灰色预测模糊自调节PID控制算法.该算法用系统输出误差和系统输出预测误差合成的综合误差作为PID控制器的输入,同时模糊自调节系统又能根据综合误差及其变化率来调整PID参数.仿真结果表明,与模糊自调节PID控制器相比,该控制器具有良好的动态性能和鲁棒性.     

基于蚁群算法的智能人工腿最优PID控制器设计

以蚁群系统和蚁群算法为基础,提出了一种新的具有不完全微分的最优PID控制器的设计方法.该控制器以系统单位阶跃响应的超调量σ、上升时间tc以及调整时间ts为性能指标,针对给定的控制对象,利用所建立的蚁群算法搜索出一组最优PID参数K*p,*i及T*d,作为实时控制中PID控制器的参数.该控制器被用于控制智能仿生人工腿中的执行电机.计算机仿真结果表明,与传统的PID控制器相比,这种基于蚁群算法的最优PID控制器具有良好的动态和稳态性能,可用于控制多种不同的对象和过程.     

一种基于满意度的PID参数整定方法

提出了一种基于满意度与遗传算法的PID(Proportional Integral Derivative)参数在线整定控制器的设计方法．利用满意解的原理设计系统响应超调量、上升时间及调整时间等的满意度函数，再离线通过遗传算法搜索PID控制器的3个参数kp，ki和kd作为在线调整PID参数的基值，然后设计跟踪误差与kp，ki和kd的关系函数，在线调整PID控制器参数，以获得良好的稳态性能、动态性能及鲁棒性能．Matlab仿真结果证明了所提出的PID控制器的有效性。     

一种参数在线自调整模糊控制系统

介绍了一种参数在线自调整模糊控制系统的设计方法。该系统采用参数调整器在线调整传统模糊控制器的量化因子和比例因子以达到调整系统性能的目的。积分环节的加入进一步提高了系统的稳态精度。     

带前馈的模糊积分控制器在伺服系统中的应用

以数控机床的伺服控制系统为对象，提出了带前馈的参数自整定模糊积分控制模式，在设计伺服控制器时将积分引入模糊控制器，以减小控制死区，提高稳态性能；同时引入前馈，以进一步提高响应的快速性和减小动态响应的误差。仿真结果表明了该方法在斜坡响应中无超调，稳态精度高。     

自调整模糊控制器在异步电机矢量控制系统中的应用

针对异步电机矢量控制系统因电机参数变化和负载波动等因素性能变差的问题 ,设计了一种二维自调整模糊控制器作为滑差频率式异步电机矢量控制系统的速度调节器。这种自调整模糊控制器可以根据输入变量的大小调整模糊控制器的量化因子、比例因子和两个输入变量的权重 ,从而自动调整模糊控制规则。仿真和实验结果说明 ,具有自调整模糊控制器的异步电机矢量控制系统不仅动态和稳态性能都得到提高 ,而且具有较强的鲁棒性。     

基于遗传算法的无人机模糊-积分控制器设计

针对某小型固定翼无人机纵向姿态控制和轨迹跟踪的要求设计了一种模糊-积分混合控制器. 为避免控制器参数调试的复杂性,提高控制性能,利用遗传算法对模糊控制的隶属度函数进行了优化设计. 在优化设计阶段,确定了设计变量和约束条件,并给出了比例因子整定原则. 仿真结果表明,基于遗传算法的模糊-积分控制器与传统PID控制器相比具有更短的响应时间,鲁棒性强,并且解决了单一模糊控制器稳态响应精度低、响应曲线颤振的问题.      

基于论域自调整模糊规则切换的双模控制器

 针对系统的初始响应,设计了一个兼顾快速性和稳定性的论域自调整的模糊控制器,并用线性PID控制器来实现稳态时的高精度控制,2个控制器之间采用模糊规则进行切换.并给出了它的动态性能、抗干扰能力及鲁棒性的实验结果.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to