碳钢塔填料化学镀镍后的防腐及润湿性能研究

通过对经化学镀镍处理后的碳钢塔填料与同规格的不锈钢塔填料进行对比试验，研究其耐腐蚀性能和润湿性能。试验结果表明，碳钢塔填料经化学镀镍后，具有良好的耐腐蚀性和润湿性能，可替代不锈钢塔填料在生产中使用。     

塔设备的应用与今后的发展

论述了板式塔和填料塔的特点及今后的发展方向，并对该两类塔型进行了性能比较；提出了选择塔型的方法，指出了大型填料塔的发展潜力；用高效规整填料塔改造现有的板式塔可实现节能３０％～５０％，增产５０％～１００％。     

花环填料用于脱硫塔设计的探讨

目前,在煤气脱硫工艺中普遍采用木格填料塔脱硫。本文在论证原木格填料塔设计的基础上,试用新型花环填料取代木格填料,并进行了计算与校核。两者从诸方面对比,说明花环填料塔较木格填料塔具有低压降、煤气流动线性速度高、处理量大等方面的优点。     

填料萃取塔与脉冲填料萃取塔中的液泛速度

本文研究了填料萃取塔与脉冲填料萃取塔中的液泛速度。对于填料萃取塔,获得了准数方程式式中之常数Ｃ随填料塔之形式而异,对于拉西环填料,Ｃ＝０．７０． 对于脉冲填料萃取塔,获得液泛速度的关联式为 本文还讨论了传质对液泛速度的影响,并且提出了有传质时萃取搭中液泛速度的模型试验方法。     

孔板波纹填料热源塔的热质传递性能

提出一种采用大比表面积、表面冲有网孔的塑料孔板波纹填料的热源塔,并通过构建横流式热源塔实验系统,开展风量密度和淋液密度等对孔板波纹填料热源塔热质传递性能的研究,并与常规人字波纹填料热源塔热质传递性能进行实验对比。研究结果表明:孔板波纹填料表面的网孔结构促进液膜在填料两侧的交叉流动及液膜表面的扰动;相比人字波纹填料,当风量密度为2.5 kg/(m2·s)时,孔板波纹填料的传热系数提高9.5%,换热量为人字波纹填料的2倍,为热源塔热质传递强化及紧凑化提供参考。     

高效率压延孔环填料特性及计算

压延孔环填料是高效率填料之一,上海焦化厂、南京梅山焦化厂均已应用;但对孔环填料塔的特性及主要参变量计算,尚缺乏资料说明。为推广新技术的应用,现将南京梅山焦化厂噻吩工段压延孔环填料的特性及参变量计算阐述如下,以供类似填料塔设计及操作分析参考。填料塔结构简单,阻力小,装置灵活,所以各种高效率填料相继出现,尤其是金属填料     

气液逆流填料塔的作用机理及液泛速度的计算

在设计气液逆流填料塔时,必须先正确地选定气体的速度,然后才能计算出塔的直径。所选取的气体速度,不能大于骸该条件下的液泛速度,否则,填料塔便不能维持正常的操作。此外,根据的研究,认为填科塔最有效的傅质条件,是在接近液泛速度的极限速度下。因而,正确地计算填料塔的液泛速度,对设计填料塔来说,是一个重要的问题。但是直到观在,计算填料塔的液泛速度,还没有一个统一的公式。     

臭氧-生物填料污水处理工艺性能优化研究

臭氧一生物填料塔工艺在石油化工废水深度处理中被广泛应用，通过对石化企业外排污水进行深度处理，研究臭氧-生物填料联合工艺的处理效果及影响因素。同时控制单因子臭氧投加量、气水比，确定臭氧塔最优操作条件，选用三种填料：生物陶粒、活性碳、WD-20型生物填料，通过对填料性能的分析研究，优选填料及填料塔最佳操作条件。     

填料塔流体力学计算机模拟

在化工流程设计中，如何快捷而准确的进行填料塔设计成为化工设计中的重要课题。通过对比选择适当的理论基础和计算方法，通过计算机的模拟，编制通用的填料塔流体力学特性计算模拟程序，并提供一个较为友好的操作界面。经过测试，该软件能较好进行填料塔流体力学计算。     

膜式机械通风横流冷却塔节能研讨

横流塔由于气水对数平均焓差较小。故在同参数下冷却数较逆流塔大,通常设计中电耗约高46％左右。本文从分析气流在填料中流态出发,探讨填料的相对凸起、风速与传质强度、能耗及投资间关系。由于在一定冷却数下,填料体积与传质强度成反比,前者与塔投资有关,后者当填料间距远小于其长度及高度时,可近似认为仅与填料形状及风速有关,即与能耗有关,故按投资回收期来选择填料形式并决定经济风速才是合理有效的节能方法。样塔提供较原塔节能65.7％的实例。本文亦可供膜式逆流塔参考。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to