热处理对3Cr2W8V和4Cr5MoSiV1钢力学性能的影响

本文对热作模具钢３Ｃｒ２Ｗ８Ｖ和４Ｃｒ５ＭｏＳｉＶ１钢的耐磨性、高温拉伸、冲击性能及热疲劳抗力进行了对比研究．结果表明，４Ｃｒ５ＭｏＳｉＶ１钢的高温强韧性优于３Ｃｒ２Ｗ８Ｖ钢，且具有更高的耐磨性及热疲劳抗力，更适宜做摩擦压力机热锻模．     

双金属机用锯条热处理工艺研究

研究了Ｗ９Ｍｏ３Ｃｒ４Ｎ和５０ＣｒＶＡ钢制成的双金属机用锯条的热处理工艺。结果表明，双金属机用锯条采用低高温回火比常规回火具有更优良的性能。其主要原因是，采用低温回火主要析出ε及Ｍ３Ｃ型碳化物，使马氏体中合金子数与碳原子数的比值升高，从而有利于高温回火时Ｍ２Ｃ型碳化物弥散均匀析出。     

多弧离子法制备的Ti（C,N）膜微结构随C2H2／N2流量比变…

用多弧离子法在高速钢（Ｗ１８Ｃｒ４Ｖ）基底上沉积了Ｔｉ（Ｎ，Ｃ）薄膜，并运用ＳＥＭ、ＸＲＤ、ＸＰＳ对该膜微观结构随进气流量ｒ＝Ｇ２Ｈ２／Ｎ２变化的情况进行了测试和分析。结果表明薄膜随ｒ增加趋于致密，在ｒ值较小时呈现较强的（１１１）择优取向，随着ｒ值增大，（１１１）是这一取向逐渐变弱，（２２０）取向渐强，薄膜呈现典型耐心立方结构，主要万分为复合相Ｔｉ（ｎ，Ｃ）膜含有少量石墨相成分存在。     

高速钢淬火回火状态的压缩力学性能研究

对Ｗ６Ｍｏ５Ｃｒ４Ｖ２（Ｍ２）高速钢模具材料及其它常用模具钢的各种热处理状态的压缩性能进行了研究。研究表明压缩试验能充分显示高硬度模具材料的强度与塑性，高速钢的抗压屈服应力σ＿（ｓｃ）明显高于其它常用模具钢，达５００ＭＰａ以上，基于力学状态的分析，证实σ＿（ｓｃ）与洛氏硬度ＨＲＣ之间存在良好的线性关系．并指出决定σ＿（ｓｃ）的主要因素是马氏体组织的强度与碳化物的性质、状态。     

硫氧碳氮硼复合共渗高速钢刀具切削性能的研究

本文研究了经一种新的表面化学热处理工艺处理过的通用高速钢（Ｗ１８Ｃｒ４Ｖ）刀具所具有的优良切削性能。该新工艺的特点是，通过复合渗入处理过程，可将碳、氮、硫、氧等化学元素渗入高速钢刀具表层。研究的结果表明，经处理过的高速钢刀具表层其减摩性、耐磨性和耐热性均有所提高。因而在一般情况，刀具耐用度可稳定地提高１－２倍。     

3Cr2W8V钢与4Cr5MoVSi钢的固态相变扩散连接

在跨越固态相变点的热循环条件下，对热作模具钢３Ｃｒ２Ｗ８Ｖ与４Ｃｒ５ＭｏＶＳｉ进行了蜚 熔合型低温扩散连接试验。分析了不同试验条件下的接头金相组织并对连接试样进行了拉断试验。结果表明，按优选工艺参数连接的试样在拉断试验时，断裂发生在基体处，表明接头强度已不低于基体强度。两种材料的接触面上发生了新晶粒形核，双向长大，形成共生晶粒的过程，最终导致接触面消失，实现了３Ｃｒ２Ｗ８Ｖ钢与４Ｃｒ５ＭｏＶＳｉ钢     

65Cr4W3Mo2VNb钢渗硼层的组织和结构

本文研究了６５Ｃｒ４Ｗ３Ｍｏ２ＶＮｂ钢的渗硼行为，深入探讨了渗硼层的组织和结 构、心部强韧化处理后的组织和性能；提出了 ６５Ｃｒ４Ｗ３Ｍｏ２ＶＮｂ钢表面渗硼硬比、 心部强韧化的综合热处理工艺．     

微孔的变进给量振动钻削试验

采用变进给量振动钻削的新方法，用高速钢麻花钻对１８Ｃｒ２Ｎｉ４ＷＡ低碳合金结构钢进行了Φ０．３ｍｍ的钻孔试验。试验结果表明，变进给振动钻孔显著提高了钻削微孔的整体加工水平。     

强韧化处理对3Cr2W8V热锻模寿命的影响

通过对 ３ Ｃｒ２ Ｗ８ Ｖ 热锻模失 效组织 的电镜 观测 和 对断 裂韧 性 Ｋ Ｉ Ｃ 值的 测定 ，认 为 Ｋ Ｉ Ｃ 值 偏 低是３ Ｃｒ２ Ｗ８ Ｖ 热锻 模早期开 裂和热 疲劳的主 要原因 实践 证明， 采用 １ ２００ ℃ 高 温淬 火 和６８０ ℃高 温 回火（ 即高淬 高 回） 的 新 工 艺， 能 大 幅 度 提 高 材 料的 Ｋ Ｉ Ｃ 值， 延 长 该 类 模 具 寿 命 ４ 倍 左 右  因 而 Ｋ Ｉ Ｃ 值 是３ Ｃｒ２ Ｗ８ Ｖ 热锻 模的主 要韧性指 标，而冲 击韧性α Ｋ 值仅 能作为 参考图 ２ ，表 １ ，参６      

M2高速钢激光表面处理多层组织的研究

用淬火态作为原始组织对Ｗ６Ｍｏ５Ｃｒ４Ｖ２（Ｍ２）高速钢激光处理时所得到的硬化带及热影响区的组织进行了研究。结果表明，激光处理后得到６层不同的组织，由表面开始依次命名为表面灰层、第一亮环、第一灰环、第二亮环、第二灰环及黑环。对这６层组织进行了仔细的观察，测量了各层显微硬度，并对组织的形成原因进行了讨论。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Jane Eyre——A Feminist In The 19th Century

In the 19th century the society was controlled by men, and women were just appendants of them, they had not any rights and freedom. But Jane was an exception, she showed some characteristics of early feminist. Jane showed her characteristics of feminism in three aspects: rebellion, equality, and independence. These characteristics were helpful to her success, and feminism is the only way out for women of that time.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-