凝固条件对AlSi7Mg合金半固态加热时组织的影响

利用电阻炉研究了凝固条件对ＡｌＳｉ７Ｍｇ合金半固态加热时组织的影响。研究表明：电磁搅拌的ＡｌＳｉ７Ｍｇ合金在５８９或５９７℃下保温,在较短的时间内（５￣１０ｍｉｎ）,共晶体即可重熔,α相可转变为球状,而且保温温度越高,试样共晶体重熔和α相球化的过程越快;相比较,未电磁搅拌的细小枝晶的ＡｌＳｉ７Ｍｇ合金在同样的加热温度下,即使保温６０ｍｉｎ,也无法获得完全球状α相的半固态组织。     

Si对高Si／C比灰铸铁奥氏体枝晶数量的影响规律

本文运用定向凝固方法，在没冷却条件下对不同成分灰铸铁的凝固过程运用微分仪进行热分析，结果表明：在碳当量相同的条件下，随着Ｓｉ／Ｃ比的，Ｆｅ－Ｃ－Ｓｉ合金的最小共晶凝固温度升高，并进一步分析了Ｓｉ使高Ｓｉ／Ｃ比灰铸铁奥氏体枝晶数量增加的原因，提出了Ｓｉ促使灰铸铁共晶共生区向右偏移的一论断，并利用出现奥氏体枝晶的临界冷却速度，并定量地描绘出了硅使得共晶共生区向左偏移的曲线。     

增强体颗粒尺寸对SiCp/2124Al复合材料变形行为的影响

利用常规静态单向拉伸技术,研究了ＳｉＣ颗粒尺寸对用粉末冶金工艺制得的ＳｉＣ颗粒增强２１２４Ａｌ合金（ＳｉＣｐ／２１２４Ａｌ）变形行为和力学性能的影响。在体积比为２０％的条件下,ＳｉＣ颗粒尺寸在０．２～４８μｍ的范围内变化,无论室温还是３００℃,材料的变形行为和拉伸力学性能明显取决于ＳｉＣ颗粒尺寸。研究表明,材料中的空隙密度、ＳｉＣ颗粒的间距、分布状态以及ＳｉＣ颗粒的断裂、ＳｉＣ颗粒／Ａｌ界面的脱粘     

Al2O3短纤维增强Al—Si合金复合材料的界面研究

本采用电子探针和扫描电镜分析Ａｌ２Ｏ３ｔ／Ａｌ－Ｓｉ合金复合材料的界面和拉伸断口形貌，发现界面处有Ｍｇ富集；Ａｌ－Ｓｉ合金很好地润湿Ａｌ２Ｏ３纤维，并形成共格、半共格混合界面，提高了界面结合强度；纤维被剪切断裂，无拔出现象。     

SiC_P／ZA22复合材料组织及性能

对采用半固态搅拌法制备的ＳｉＣＰ／ＺＡ２２复合材料的组织和常温、高温力学性能进行了研究，并和ＺＡ２２基体合金作了对比．研究发现：ＳｉＣ颗粒大多分布于晶界，部分ＳｉＣ颗粒和基体界面上有反应物生成，ＳｉＣ可以充当合金初生相形核衬底，分布于晶内并细化枝晶。力学性能与颗粒分布均匀性、界面结合强度密切相关。和ＺＡ２２合金相比，该复合材料弹性模量上升，冲击韧性下降，高温条件下表现出较好的力学稳定性     

铁基／SiC颗粒复合材料界面的稳定性

分析了铸造合金颗粒复合材料中的增强相（ＳｉＣ颗粒）与基体（铸铁）界面结合的形态及影响因素，界面结合机制和稳定性，提出了改善界面结合状态的方法。在实验室条件下，采用离心铸造工艺制取铁基／ＳｉＣ颗料复合材料，通过金相分析和电子探针等测试手段，研究了经不同的主温处理后铁基／ＳｉＣ颗粒复合材料界面变化规律。     

Al_2O_3短纤维增强Al－Si合金复合材料的界面研究

本文采用电子探针和扫描电镜分析Ａｌ_２Ｏ_（３ｔ）／Ａｌ－Ｓｉ合金复合材料的界面和拉伸断口形貌，发现界面处有Ｍｇ富集；Ａｌ－Ｓｉ合金很好地润湿Ａｌ_２Ｏ_３纤维，并形成共格、半共格混合界面，提高了界面结合强度；纤维被剪切断裂，无拔出现象。用俄歇电子能谱仪对界面作深入研究，表明界面与基体的硅和铝的峰形发生了变化，证明峰形的变异是由形成共格、半共格混合界面引起的。     

高压变熔点过冷大体积近快速凝固

依据压力可以改变某些金属的熔点的原理,设计了高压大体积凝固工艺,对液态金属施加高压,提高熔点,其凝固过程不依赖于散热速度,而只取决于加压速度,从而实现大体积的近快速凝固,对高压凝固过程的相关参数进行了数值模拟,并对过晶Ａｌ－Ｓｉ合金的高压凝固组织进行了初步探讨。     

Ni-Cu合金定向凝固海藻状生长形态的相场法模拟

利用微观组织相场法数值模拟技术,对Ni-Cu二元合金在温度梯度G=20K/cm条件下定向凝固的界面形态演化过程进行模拟仿真.基于均匀网格的有限差分法,采用C语言编制定向凝固晶体生长的相场法数值模拟程序,研究计算参数对凝固组织的影响,探讨定向凝固过程晶体的生长机制.研究结果表明:低的温度梯度条件下,初始平界面一旦失稳,快速形成胞状组织,在随后的演化过程中,侧向分支大量繁殖、尖端分裂,形成海藻状生长形态.因此,低温度梯度下二元合金定向凝固界面形态的转化形式为:平面状向胞状转变,最后转变为海藻状.     

用第二相粒子细化HSLA钢晶粒

文章总结了用第二相粒子细化晶粒的理论。比较了各种第二相粒子细化晶粒的效果，提出使用ＳｉＯ２粒子细化ＨＳＬＡ钢晶粒的可能性。理论分析表明，在凝固过程中有可能获得较高的ＳｉＯ２粒子体积分数。此外，还进行了实验室研究，得到了较小尺寸的ＳｉＯ２粒子。     

对重力作用下Al-Si/SiC颗粒系统二维凝固过程的数值模拟

论文采用多相流模型对重力作用下Al Si 7% (质量分数 ) /SiC颗粒功能梯度材料二维凝固过程进行了数值模拟 .计算了在不含颗粒、含有小尺寸颗粒和含有大尺寸颗粒几种不同条件下颗粒和液相的运动 ,产生的宏观偏析 ,共晶合金在晶体中所占比例 ,以及最终的颗粒分布 .结果表明 ,颗粒和糊状区的存在会使液态金属的流动阻力增大 ,流速降低 ,产生的宏观偏析减弱 .在含有小尺寸颗粒的情况下 ,液相和颗粒运动速度很小 ,大部分区域保持初始颗粒体积分数不变 .在含有大尺寸颗粒的情况下 ,颗粒沉降速度很快 ,在底部形成颗粒堆积区 ,在上部形成颗粒体积分数为零区 .     

Rapid solidification of undercooled Al-Cu-Si eutectic alloys

Under the conventional solidification condition, a liquid aluminium alloy can be hardly undercooled because of oxidation. In this work, rapid solidification of an undercooled liquid Al_80.4Cu_13.6Si₆ ternary eutectic alloy was realized by the glass fluxing method combined with recycled superheating. The relationship between superheating and undercooling was investigated at a certain cooling rate of the alloy melt. The maximum undercooling is 147 K (0.18T _E). The undercooled ternary eutectic is composed of α(Al) solid solution, (Si) semiconductor and θ(CuAl₂) intermetallic compound. In the (Al+Si+θ) ternary eutectic, (Si) faceted phase grows independently, while (Al) and θ non-faceted phases grow cooperatively in the lamellar mode. When undercooling is small, only (Al) solid solution forms as the leading phase. Once undercooling exceeds 73 K, (Si) phase nucleates firstly and grows as the primary phase. The alloy microstructure consists of primary (Al) dendrite, (Al+θ) pseudobinary eutectic and (Al+Si+θ) ternary eutectic at small undercooling, while at large undercooling primary (Si) block, (Al+θ) pseudobinary eutectic and (Al+Si+θ) ternary eutectic coexist. As undercooling increases, the volume fraction of primary (Al) dendrite decreases and that of primary (Si) block increases. Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 50121101, 50395105) and the Doctorate Foundation of Northwestern Polytechnical University (Grant No. CX200419)     

On the characterization of microstructure and fracture in a high-pressure die-casting Al-10 wt%Si alloy

Microstructure and fracture behavior in a high-pressure die-casting Al-10 wt%Si alloy have been investigated using optical microscope(OM),scanning electron microscope(SEM) and a high-resolution laboratory computed tomography(CT).The results showed that a typical heterogeneous microstructure of the alloy comprised α-Al rich region,eutectic silicon band region and porosity.The microstructure patterns highly dependent on fluid convection and rapid solidification.Under high filling speed,externally solidified crystals(ESCs) and the growing dendrites migrated in center and formed α-Al rich region.Si particles was discharged and enriched in the final solidified liquid,forming eutectic silicon band.Hard Si particles and brittle Fe-rich phases served as obstacles prevented dislocation migration,causing local stress concentration.Due to large movable slip systems in α-Al rich region,the propagation path of the crack was greatly extended.Net-shrinkage that induced by dense impinging dendrites led to the microcracks along the boundary of dendrites which promoted intergranular fracture.     

Phase-selection and metastable phase formation in highly undercooled eutectic Ni_(78.6)Si_(21.4)alloys

A large undercooling (250 K) was achieved in eutectic Ni78.6 Si21.4 melt by the combination of molten-glass denucleation and cyclic superheating. The metastable phase formation process in the bulk undercooled eutectic Ni78.6 Si21.4 melts was investigated. With the increase of undercooling, different metastable phases form in eutectic Ni78.6 Si21.4 melts and part of these metastable phases can be kept at room temperature through slow post-solidification. Under large undercooling, the metastable phases β2-Ni3Si, Ni31Si12 and Ni3Si2 were identified. Especially, the Ni3Si2 phase was obtained in eutectic Ni78.6 Si21.4 alloy for the first time. Based on the principle of free energy minimum and transient nucleation theory, the solidification behavior of melts was analyzed with regard to the metastable phase formation when the melts were in highly undercooled state.     

Solidification pattern and microstructures of AZ91D magnesium alloy through rheoforming

The optical microscope, SEM and EDS were adopted to analyze the rheoforming solidification morphologies and microstructures of deformed AZ91D magnesium alloy after isothermal treatment in semisolid state. The results show that primary α phase can be formed through attachment growth, when the liquid fraction is small; and primary α phase will grow in dendrites, when the liquid fraction is high. Eutectic solidification is carried out in the ways of both dissociated growth and symbiotic growth, depending on the morphology of primary α phase. Liquid with eutectic concentration solidifies into lamina eutectic. During solidification of the liquid pools inside grains, α phase can be formed through attachment growth. The eutectic solidification was mainly carried out in the dissociated pattern.     

圆柱形铸锭凝固过程数学模型及其应用

对上、下绝热仅靠侧面换热的圆柱形铸锭,建立了凝固过程的一般微分方程,并求出了它的解析解,得到凝固层厚度与凝固时间的一般关系,为了便于计算,建立了有限差分格式,应用于自然对流和两种转速的强制对流下的Al-Cu合金铸锭实验的具体计算,分别求出了三种实验的凝固过程中的凝固层厚度与凝固速度公式,根据计算结果和实验观测,分析了强制对流对金属凝固过程的作用,获得一些有价值的结果。     

基于正交试验对铸造铝合金电导率和抗拉强度影响规律的分析

挑选了铝合金中常用的9种合金元素,根据这些元素对铝合金物理性能和微观组织的影响规律和影响机制进行了分类。通过设计四因素三变量正交试验分析了这些合金元素对Al-7Si合金导电性能和抗拉强度的影响规律,为开发兼具高导电(热)性能和高强度铸造铝合金提供了有价值的工艺参考。通过对比发现,Sr元素能有效将共晶Si相变质为纤维状,这有利于合金电导率的提升;质量分数为0.6%的Fe也能适当提升合金的电导率。Sb元素能有效将共晶Si相变质为细小片状,这有利于合金抗拉强度的提升;质量分数为0.5%的Ni或0.5%的Zn也能适当提升合金的抗拉强度。Sr和Sb同时加入合金中,共晶Si相的变质效果会恶化,并导致粗大片状共晶Si相析出。     

旋转电磁搅拌时机对GCr15轴承钢凝固组织的影响

通过石墨型铸造研究了旋转电磁搅拌时机对GCr15轴承钢凝固组织的影响.结果表明:在钢液凝固过程的不同时间段施加电磁搅拌,对轴承钢的凝固组织具有显著影响,越早施加电磁搅拌,磁泰勒数(表征磁场作用下强制流动的无量纲数)越大,钢液所受的电磁力越大,越有利于柱状晶向等轴晶转变;在0~05min时间段施加电磁搅拌,铸锭等轴晶率提高了52%.此外,电磁搅拌引起的钢液对流推动了凝固前沿枝晶的折断、熔断和游离,枝晶碎片在强烈对流作用下增殖并被带到熔体心部成为异质核心,凝固前沿的温度梯度减小,成分过冷增大,促进了柱状晶向等轴晶转变.