米根霉发酵甘薯淀粉制备L-乳酸的最适条件

以米根霉AS.3.819的诱变株为菌种、甘薯淀粉为碳源,对其摇瓶发酵生产L-乳酸工艺进行研究。结果表明,采用不同质量分数的液化甘薯淀粉、(NH4)2SO4、KH2PO4、ZnSO4·7HO2及MgSO4·7HO2作为发酵培养基组分,在温度为32℃和发酵时间为60h的条件下,L-乳酸质量浓度最大可以达到125g/L,糖转化率达到92.60%。     

内生真菌Hd3菌株发酵条件优化研究

利用Plackett-Burman设计和响应面设计方法对Hd3菌株的发酵条件进行了优化研究,确定了最佳培养基组成及培养条件.试验结果表明;Hd3菌株的摇瓶培养基配方为葡萄糖24.71 g/L,MgSO4·7H2O 1.08 g/L,土豆244.17 g/L.发酵条件为pH 6～7,250 mL三角瓶装90 mL发酵液,接入9×103 cfu/mL菌量,31℃培养9 d.     

大肠杆菌K5多糖生物合成条件的优化

采用Plackett-Burman实验、正交试验设计方法对K5多糖的生物合成条件进行优化.然后,在摇瓶及5L发酵罐中进行K5多糖发酵过程研究.结果表明:最佳培养基组成为麦芽糖20 g/L,蛋白胨15 g/L,MnCl4·4H2O0.1 g/L,MgSO4 ·7H2O 2.0g/L,KH2PO4 2.0 g/L,K2HPO4 9.7 g/L,脱水枸橼酸钠0.5 g/L;250 mL摇瓶最佳装液量为15 mL.优化后5L发酵罐中K5多糖的质量浓度为1.8 g/L,较优化前的0.3 g/L提高了5倍.     

玉米淀粉双酶水解糖米根霉L - 乳酸发酵的研究

以米根霉（Rhizopus oryzae)NRRL395HS99为菌种，玉米淀粉双酶水解糖为碳源，发酵培养基为基础在摇瓶上确立了最佳发酵条件.并以此为参照进行了50L罐的发酵试验，比较了摇瓶和50L罐发酵的异同。在50L罐中，玉米淀粉双酶水解糖130g/L左右、以重质碳酸钙为中和剂、硅油为消泡剂发酵58－59h可产酸110g/L以上，转化率达87％左右。重质碳酸钙应用于米根霉L－乳酸发酵对于降低生产成本具有重要意义。     

一株产高温纤维素酶曲霉菌的发酵条件及培养基优化

对一株产高温纤维素酶的曲霉(Aspergillus sp.)F4菌株进行培养基及发酵条件的优化.最佳产酶液体培养基配方为:稻草粉40 g·L-1,(NH4)2SO43.5 g·L-1,NaCl 2 g·L-1,KH2PO42 g·L-1,MgSO4.7H2O 0.5g·L-1,甘油0.20%,pH 5.5;优化后CMC酶活力提高16.7倍.优化后产酶条件为:接种量4%,温度37℃,摇床转速150 r.min-1,装液量80 mL/250 mL.在此条件下发酵8 d,CMC酶活力达到了12.26 U.mL-1,比优化前提高了约2倍.     

丝瓜布固定化米根霉发酵生产L-乳酸

L-乳酸因其为生产绿色化学材料聚L-乳酸的原料而倍受重视．文中以米根霉As3．6462为菌种，玉米淀粉为原料，研究了用吸附固定米根霉发酵L等L酸．结果表明，相对聚乙烯醇、棉布，丝瓜布有更好的固定化效果．实验条件下，载体边长在8—10mm，载体用量为15mL／50mL种子培养基，玉米淀粉发酵L-乳酸产量为72—83g/L，连续发酵4批后产量基本稳定．丝瓜布固定化米根霉发酵L看L酸有良好的工业的应用前景．     

红曲霉液态发酵多糖工艺条件的优化

研究了红曲霉产多糖的液态发酵条件,得出优化后的培养基组成为:蔗糖45 g/L,酵母粉4.5 g/L,KH2PO4·3H2O 3.5 g/L,MgSO4·7H2O 0.85 g/L.通过单因素实验和正交试验,得到红曲霉N产多糖的优化发酵工艺条件为:种龄30 h,接种量7.5%,发酵培养基初始pH 5.75,装液量162.5mL/1 000 mL三角瓶,发酵时间84 h.在此条件下,红曲霉液态发酵的多糖质量浓度达999.8 mg/L,比优化前的684.2 mg/L提高46.1%。     

美味牛肝菌深层发酵的研究

采用摇瓶培养法对美味牛肝菌(BoletusedulisBull.exFr.)适宜的发酵培养基、发酵条件进行了研究.通过L9(34)正交实验确定了美味牛肝菌发酵的最适培养基为:葡萄糖20.0g,酵母浸出膏7.0g,KH2PO42.0g,MgSO4·7H2O1.0g,VB10.01mg;适宜的发酵条件为:培养基初始pH5.2～5.8、振荡速度180r/min、培养温度27℃、100mL三角瓶装液量60mL、发酵周期6d.     

重组人生长激素在毕赤酵母中的表达研究

通过单因素分析和正交实验法优化高密度发酵培养基和诱导条件,根据优化结果指导发酵罐发酵.得到改良BSM培养基的最佳配比为甘油30g/L、酵母粉14g/L、K2SO4 13g/L、MgSO4·7H2O 11g/L、CaSO4 0.3g/L、PTM1 4.4mL、0.1mol/L磷酸盐缓冲液(pH＝6.5);得到摇瓶培养最佳诱导条件为种龄24h,诱导时间30h,甲醇浓度2%,pH6.3～6.9.瑞士Bioengineering公司L1523型发酵罐发酵结果显示,细胞光密度(OD600)达到294,rHGH表达量最高达到0.54g/L.     

蝉拟青霉深层发酵的研究

为了筛选到蝉拟青霉优良的培养基及摇瓶发酵条件,通过对碳、氮源筛选的单因素实验,筛选出葡萄糖为碳源、蛋白胨为氮源;在此基础上以筛选的碳源、氮源及无机盐K2HPO4,MgSO4.7 H2O为考察因素,以菌丝体生物量为指标,利用正交实验筛选出生物量较高的培养基组合.结果表明,最优培养基按质量分数为葡萄糖3%,蛋白胨1.5%,K2HPO40.1%,MgSO4.7 H2O0.05%.适宜的摇瓶发酵条件为培养温度25～27℃,培养基起始pH6～7,接种量6%,摇床转速为150 r/min,500 mL三角瓶最适装液量为100 mL,发酵周期为7 d.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with