棒曲霉UA—2木聚糖酶的蔗渣固态发酵

棒曲霉（Ａｓｐｅｒｇｉｌｕｓｃｌａｖａｔｕｓ）ＵＡ－２固态发酵蔗渣产木聚酶的培养基为每克蔗渣加营养液５ｍｌ，初始ｐＨ８．５．营养液的适宜组成为每升含：ＮＨ４ＮＯ３１０ｇ、Ｋ２ＨＰＯ４６ｇ、ＭｇＳＯ４·７Ｈ２Ｏ０．７５ｇ、ＣａＣｌ２０．７５ｇ、ＦｅＳＯ４·７Ｈ２Ｏ１１．２５ｍｇ、ＭｎＳＯ４·Ｈ２Ｏ３．７５ｍｇ、ＺｎＳＯ４３．０ｍｇ、ＣｏＣｌ２４．５ｍｇ．在上述培养基中接入其湿重１０％（Ｗ／Ｗ）的新鲜的ＵＡ－２种子曲，２８℃培养１０８ｈ，其木聚糖酶，滤纸降解酶和羧甲基纤维素酶的活力分别为２６９５．６、２８．５和４２．７ｕ／ｇ蔗渣．酶反应的最适ｐＨ５．０，最适温度５０℃；在ｐＨ４．０～１１．０内酶活性十分稳定．５０℃保温１ｈ，酶活剩余５５％，８℃下放置２３ｄ，活力几乎不变．磷酸盐，半胱氨酸对酶有激活作用，ＥＤＴＡ和对氯汞本甲酸对酶有抑制作用     

均匀设计在肌苷发酵中的应用

采用均匀设计对肌苷工程菌枯草芽孢杆菌株Ｑ２９０１－４－３５（ＳＧｒ）的最佳发酵条件进行了研究。确定发酵培养基配方为（质量分数）葡萄糖１２％ ,药用酵母粉１．４％ ,硫酸铵１．３％ ,玉米浆０．５％ ,Ｎａ２ＨＰＯ４·１２Ｈ２Ｏ ０．５％ ,ＫＣｌ０．６％ ,ＭｇＳＯ４·７Ｈ２Ｏ ０．２２％ ,ＣａＣＯ３ ２．０％ ,尿素０．２％ （分消）ｐＨ７．０,在上述发酵培养基中发酵产苷达１５．２０ｇ／Ｌ,该菌株的产苷能力比在原发酵培养基中的产苷能力提高了１０％ 。从而证明均匀设计实验所给回归模型对发酵条件的选择具有重要的指导意义。     

产胞外木聚糖酶青霉菌发酵条件的正交设计试验

正交设计试验结果表明,青霉菌（Ｐｅｎｉｃｉｌｌｉｕｍ ｓｐ．ｍ８） 胞外木聚糖酶活力达９２．９６ Ｕ／ｍＬ,合适的产酶发酵条件为：培养基（ｇ／Ｌ）,麦草粉４０,（ＮＨ４）２ＳＯ４ ４．４４,ＫＨ２ＰＯ４ １．０,ＭｇＳＯ４ ·７Ｈ２Ｏ０．５,ＮａＣｌ０．３,Ｔｗｅｅｎ ８０ ３．０,ＣａＣＯ３ １．０;每亳升培养基接种２．０×１０５ 个孢子,２８ ℃,水浴振荡培养４ ｄ（１２０ｒ／ｍｉｎ）。     

氯化铜对滇紫草细胞色素形成的影响

滇紫草细胞于Ｍ－９培养液中悬浮培养以形成紫草色素。当Ｍ－９培养液中ＣｕＳＯ４·５Ｈ２０由相同浓度的ＣｕＣｌ２·２Ｈ２Ｏ取代后，色素产量比对照提高了５８．７％，ＣｕＣｌ２·２Ｈ２Ｏ的最适浓度为３０μｍｏｌ／Ｌ。滇紫草细胞的继代培养基Ｂ—５中的ＣｕＳＯ４·５Ｈ２Ｏ取代后，培养所得的细胞接种于Ｍ－９培养液中，色素产量比对照提高了３２．０８％，ＣｕＣｌ２·２Ｈ２Ｏ的最适浓度为０．６μｍｏｌ／Ｌ．ＣｕＣｌ２·２Ｈ２Ｏ对细胞生长无不良影响。Ｍ—９培养液中，铜于色素形成的初期，可快速吸附于细胞上，这一现象为ＣｕＣｌ２·２Ｈ２Ｏ促进紫草色素合成机制的深入研究提供参考。     

北冬虫夏草液体深层发酵最适营养的研究

通过摇瓶单因子和正交设计试验结果。液体培养的最佳营养条件为：葡萄糖２％，食用糖１％，酵母膏１％，蛋白胨１％，ＮＨ４Ｃｌ０．２％，ＭｇＳＯ４．７Ｈ２Ｏ０．０５％，ＫＣｌ１０．１％，１００立升发酵罐结果，碳，氮源分别为食用糖３％，蛋白胨１．５％。     

水－乙二醇体系中氯化氢的电池热力学

测定了２９３．２～３２３．２Ｋ间的７个温度下电池ＧＥ｜Ｈ２Ｏ（１－ｗ）＋Ｅｎ（ＯＨ）２（ｗ）＋ＨＣｌ（ｍ）｜ＡｇＣｌ－Ａｇ的电动势，由此求得了上述７个温度下，ｍ＝０．００２０，０．００５０，０．０１００，０．０５００，０．１０００ｍｏｌ／ｋｇ的ＨＣｌ在０～９０％乙二醇—水二元混合溶剂中的平均活度系数γ±与Ｐｉｔｚｅｒ参数；ＨＣｌ自水向各组成Ｅｎ（ＯＨ）２—Ｈ２Ｏ混合溶剂中的标准迁移自由能，标准迁移熵和标准迁移焓．最后从分子间相互作用的角度对ＨＣｌ在该混合溶剂中的热力学行为给予了理论解释．     

复合型纳滤膜的制备及表征

在聚砜基膜上用界面聚合法制备了两种复合型纳滤膜ＰＡ０１和ＰＡ０２。在０．３ＭＰａ下,ＰＡ０１膜对ＭｇＳＯ４溶液和ＦｅＣｌ３溶液的脱直 ９６．０％和７８．０％,水通量分别为８．５（Ｌ．ｍ＾－２．ｈ＾－１）和７．９（Ｌ．ｍ＾－２．ｈ＾－１）;ＰＡ０２膜对ＭｇＳＯ４ｉｐｗｋｉｙｗ （２．０ｇ．Ｌ＾－１）和ＣａＣｌ溶液（０．５ｇ．Ｌ＾－１）的脱盐率分别为９８．０％和８８．８％,水通量分别为１．０（Ｌ。ｍ＾     

CaCl2*6H2O-MgCl2*6H2O多温截面的研究

用步冷曲线法研究并绘制了ＣａＣｌ２·６Ｈ２Ｏ－ＭｇＣｌ２·６Ｈ２Ｏ多温截面图,实验显示该截面有两个四相转熔反应,其转熔温度分别为２５．０℃和２２．０℃．结果表明,ＣａＣｌ２·６Ｈ２Ｏ－ＭｇＣｌ２·６Ｈ２Ｏ混合盐可用于低温相变储热．     

胡萝卜素产生菌红酵母R—93培养基营养条件研究

采用均匀设计的方法，优化胡萝卜素产生菌红酵母Ｒ－９３发酵培养基的营养条件，经回归分析和发酵试验得出最佳培养基配方（％）蔗糖为１．０，蛋白胨为１．２５；（ＮＨ４）２ＳＯ４为１．０ＫＨ２ＰＯ４为０．２８；ＭｇＳＯ４．７Ｈ２Ｏ为０．０２５，在此条件下，发酵指数可达到０．２６２ｇ（干菌体）．（Ｌ．ｈ）＾－１。     

化学需氧量COD_（Cr）测定条件改进的研究

本文提出以Ａｇ２ＳＯ４—Ａｌ２（ＳＯ４）３—ＭｇＳＯ４作催化剂，在Ｈ２ＳＯ４－Ｈ３ＰＯ４混酸溶液中快速测定废水ＣＯＤ的新方法．实验确定的最佳条件是：Ａｇ２ＳＯ４：Ａｌ２（ＳＯ４）３：ＭｇＳＯ４＝１∶１∶１（质量比），Ｈ２Ｏ４：Ｈ３ＰＯ４＝５∶１（体积比），回流时间０．５小时，通过对废水ＣＯＤ的测定，取得与标准法相近的结果．     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.