一种二级光纤网的优选方案

本文分析了二级有线电视光纤网“光／电／光转换中继方式”和“光放大器中继方式”两种联网方案，提出了在临频系统近于满载时采用１５５０ｎｍ系统“光放大器中继方式”的优选方案，赢得电缆分配系统分配比例裕量，对于１５００ｎｍ参饵光纤放大器ＥＤＦＡ性能亦做了介绍。     

高速光纤通信系统特性研究

分析了高速ＩＭ／ＤＤ光纤通信系统的传输特性，对光通道色散影响和光源相位噪声影响进行了分析，结果表明当光源相位噪声较大时，系统的误码率－平均接收光功率曲线将出现“饱和”现象。对高速光发射机、光接收机技术等进行了深入的研究，通过选择激光器最佳工作状态，设计并完成了２．５Ｇｂ／ｓ光发射与光接收模块，并对２．５Ｇｂ／ｓ光纤传输实验系统的测试结果进行了分析。实现了１０９ｋｍ常规单模光纤的无中继传输，工作波长为１５５０ｎｍ，采用内强度调制／直接检测（ＩＭ／ＤＤ）方式，误码率为１－１０时接收机灵敏度为－３１．５ｄＢ（以１ｍＷ为零电平）。利用ＥＤＦＡ克服光纤的损耗后，无再生中继传输距离达到１８０ｋｍ。     

1310nm和1550nm波长光对光纤弯曲损耗的影响

“１３１０ｎｍ和１５５０ｎｍ波长光对光纤弯曲损耗的影响”一文从理论和实践两个方面就１３１０ｎｍ和１５５０ｎｍ波长光对光纤弯曲损耗的影响进行了探讨,证明了在同样弯曲半径下,１５５０ｎｍ波长光比１３１０ｎｍ光有较大的弯曲损耗。     

用于超短脉冲放大的掺铒光纤放大器的研究

本文报道了用１４６９ｎｍ激光二极管泵浦的掺铒光纤放大器应用于超短光脉冲放大的实验结果．对１．５５μｍ，２．４ＧＨｚ的信号光，增益为１８ｄＢ，最大输出信号峰值功率可达４０ｍＷ，光脉冲经放大器后波形没有畸变，放大后的光脉冲实现了５３Ｋｍ的光孤子传输．     

用于超脉冲放大的掺铒光纤放大器的研究

本文报道了用１４９ｎｍ激光二极管泵浦的掺饵光纤放大器应用于超短光脉冲放大的实验结果，对１．５５μｍ２．４ＧＨｚ的信号光，增益为１８ｄＢ，最大输出信号峰值功率可达４０ｍＷ光脉冲经放大器后波没有畸变，放大后的光脉冲实现了５３Ｋｍ的光孤子传输。     

全光纤波分复用通信系统

光纤通信是本世纪最伟大的成就之一,光纤波分复用是实现超高速、超大容量通信的最佳方式．本文提出一种新颖模式的波分复用通信系统—全光纤集成型系统．光发射机由全光纤激光器构成,光接收机使用的是全光纤光栅ＡＤＭ,传输中继则由光纤ＥＤＦＡ 完成．首次对这类系统及其各组成部分进行了成功地研制,并在实验上成功地实现了４×２．５Ｇｂ／ｓ速率、１００ｋｍ 距离的信息传输．     

喇曼光纤放大器(RFA)的研究

光放大器在光通讯系统中具有重要作用。近几年来，人们一直致力于全光型中继器的研制，先后推出多种光放大器。将半导体光放大器(SOA)、掺铒光纤放大器(EDFA)与喇曼光纤放大器(RFA)主要特征及性能作出比较，并在此基础上，提出4种RFA的典型设计方案，进而得出“喇曼放大器宜采用分布式、反向泵浦以降低噪声，提高信噪比；若采用多波长泵浦，各波长间隔和输出功率的配置是关键所在”的结论。     

1.55μm AM/QAM混合信号CATV网络的分析

本文对带有掺饵光纤放大器的1．55μmAM／QAM混合信号HFCCATV传输系统的构成，以及系统设计的重要参量：AM／QAM混合信号光调制度的设定，可实现的最多光节点数，可传输的最长距离进行了计算和分析，并对影响实现最多光节点数的因素进行了讨论。     

测量光纤吸收损耗和散射损耗的一种简单有效方法

我们使用光声光谱方法研究了光纤的损耗。在理论上分别给出了光纤的吸收和散射所产生的光声信号的表达式，以及吸收系数和散射系数的计算公式。测量了在５１４．５ｎｍ和６３２．８ｎｍ波长上的光吸收和光散射的光声频率特性曲线及校正绝对吸收系数用的康铜丝的光声频率特性曲线，其实验曲线斜率均与理论计算值接近。我们也计算了芯径为０．８ｍｍ，长略大于２０ｃｍ的塑料光纤在６３２．８ｎｍ的吸收损耗为９．２９ｘ１０－４ｃｍ－１（合４０６ｄＢ／Ｋｍ），这与国外报导的吸收损耗的测量结果一致。     

掺铒光纤放大器的实验研究

利用国产１．４８μｍ泵浦ＬＤ和优质掺铒光纤，实验研究了掺铒光纤放大器的基本工作特性和结构设计，研制了了一种掺铒光纤放大器，小信号净增益２８ｄＢ，噪声指数５．１ｄＢ，增益谱宽大于２０ｎｍ，饱和输出功率和最大输出功率分别达４．８ｄＢｍ和１１ｄＢｍ。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.