硅灰强化再生混凝土抗压强度尺寸效应

为研究水泥外掺硅灰浆液强化再生骨料对再生混凝土立方体抗压强度尺寸效应 的影响,以水泥外掺硅灰浆液水胶比、再生骨料取代率和试件几何尺寸为试验参数,完成了 240个再生混凝土立方体试件的抗压试验. 结果表明：采用水胶比为1.0的水泥外掺硅灰浆液 强化处理再生骨料对再生混凝土立方体抗压强度的提升和尺寸效应的降低幅度均最大. 随着 再生骨料取代率的增加,立方体抗压强度尺寸效应呈增强趋势,100%再生骨料取代率下尺寸 效应度约为普通混凝土的1.4倍;采用水泥外掺硅灰浆液强化处理再生骨料可降低尺寸效应, 强化处理后再生混凝土立方体抗压强度尺寸效应度较未处理试件降低了约 19.2%. 建立了尺 寸效应律计算公式,可用于再生混凝土立方体抗压强度的分析计算.     

玄武岩纤维再生混凝土的基本力学性能

玄武岩纤维(basalt fiber,BF)是一种新型无机纤维材料,具有较好的延性,抗拉强度高,密度小,且在建筑工程使用中具有较突出的经济优势,为再生混凝土力学性能的改善提供新的思路.针对C30混凝土强度等级,研究了玄武岩纤维掺量(体积分数,下同)分别在0.1%、0.2%、0.3%情况下,不同再生粗骨料替代率的抗压和劈裂抗拉性能.试验结果表明,玄武岩纤维会降低再生混凝土的流动性,增大水泥基体间的摩擦力,并对再生混凝土立方体抗压强度和劈裂拉伸强度具有一定的增强、增韧效果.玄武岩纤维掺量为0.3%,再生粗骨料替代率40%时C30混凝土抗压强度达到最大值.纤维掺量为0.1%时,再生混凝土劈裂拉伸强度的增加趋于稳定,为再生粗骨料在混凝土工程实践中的应用提供指导和借鉴.     

硅藻土掺量和硅粉掺量对混凝土抗压强度影响的试验与分析

为制备具有一定强度的次轻混凝土,进行了不同硅藻土掺量和硅粉掺量的混凝土抗压强度试验,并对试验结果进行了分析。试验结果表明:随着硅藻土掺量的增大,混凝土的抗压强度和比强度均逐渐降低,但抗压强度离散性逐渐减小;硅粉的掺加可以提高混凝土的抗压强度,当硅粉掺量从0%增长到8%时,混凝土抗压强度有所增长;从8%增长到12%时,混凝土抗压强度略有降低;双掺硅藻土和硅粉的合理掺量为硅藻土等体积取代石子10%,硅粉等质量取代水泥8%,其抗压强度和比强度与素混凝土相近,可以用来制备具有良好力学性能的次轻混凝土。     

废弃PP纤维再生混凝土基本力学性能试验

目的 针对纤维体积掺量、长径比、再生骨料取代率等因素,探究废弃PP纤维对再生混凝土力学性能的影响,提高废弃纤维利用率。方法 以废弃PP打包带制成不同长径比的纤维作为筋材,以不同体积掺量与不同再生骨料取代率的再生混凝土混合制成11组废弃PP纤维再生混凝土试块,对其进行抗压和抗拉试验。结果 立方体抗压、抗拉强度最佳时的废弃PP纤维体积掺量为1.5%,长径比为47.85;废弃PP纤维再生混凝土的立方体抗压、抗拉强度与再生骨料取代率有关,其强度与再生骨料取代率近似呈线性关系。结论 废弃PP纤维的掺入可以提高再生混凝土的立方体抗压强度和抗拉强度。     

纤维自密实混凝土力学性能及早期抗裂性能研究

对掺聚丙烯腈纤维、钢纤维和混杂纤维自密实混凝土的配制进行了系列试验,得到纤维自密实混凝土的配制方法及纤维的适宜掺量。试验结果表明,当聚丙烯腈纤维掺量不高于1.2 kg/m3、钢纤维体积掺量不高于1.5%的情况下,通过适当调整外加剂的掺量、类型以及砂率,可以使混凝土达到自密实的工作性能。纤维自密实混凝土的28 d立方体抗压强度、劈拉强度试验表明,聚丙烯腈纤维掺量对自密实混凝土抗压强度的影响较小,劈拉强度随掺量增大而提高,但当掺量达到1.2 kg/m3时,将导致其劈拉强度的降低,因此聚丙烯腈纤维的掺量宜控制在0.9 kg/m3时为佳;钢纤维体积率变化对自密实混凝土劈拉强度的增强效果明显,混杂纤维的掺入对自密实混凝土抗压强度的影响较小,但对劈拉强度有一定影响,即掺量越大,劈拉强度越高。纤维自密实混凝土早期抗裂性能试验结果表明,在自密实混凝土中掺入纤维,将有助于早期抗裂性能的提高。     

玄武岩纤维对再生混凝土早期抗开裂性能的影响

为了改善再生混凝土(RAC)因抗裂性能差所引起的安全耐久性问题,研究了不同玄武岩纤维体积掺量(0、0.1%、0.2%和0.3%)对再生粗骨料取代率为50%的玄武岩纤维再生混凝土(BFRAC)抗压强度和早期抗开裂性能的影响,并与普通混凝土进行对比。研究结果表明,再生粗骨料会降低混凝土的抗压强度和早期抗开裂性能。适量的玄武岩纤维有助于提高RAC的立方体抗压强度,纤维掺量为0.2%时增幅最大。随着纤维掺量的增加,BFRAC的各项早期开裂指标明显改善,纤维掺量为0.3%时最大裂缝宽度和单位面积上的总开裂面积最小,BFRAC的早期抗裂性能得到显著提高。     

改性聚丙稀纤维混凝土力学性能的试验研究

试验研究了不同掺量聚丙稀纤维混凝土立方体的抗压强度、轴心抗压强度、抗折强度、劈裂抗拉强度性能,并与普通混凝土(0掺量)进行了对比。结果表明:在混凝土基体不变情况下,掺入0.5kg.m-3、0.7kg.m-3、0.9kg.m-3聚丙烯纤维混凝土的各项强度增大;聚丙烯纤维最合适的掺量为0.9kg.m-3;掺入聚丙烯纤维能改善混凝土的和易性。     

高性能聚丙烯纤维对再生混凝土力学性能的影响

通过工作性能、立方体抗压、劈裂抗拉及弹性模量试验,研究了不同骨料取代率下的高性能聚丙烯纤维增强再生骨料混凝土(HPP fibers reinforced recycled aggregate concrete,HFRAC)随高性能聚丙烯(high performance polypropylene,HPP)纤维掺量增加的变化规律,并与波纹型钢纤维增强再生骨料混凝土(steel fibers reinforced recycled aggregate concrete,SFRAC)进行了对比.结果表明:与SFRAC类似,HFRAC的工作性能随HPP纤维掺量的增加逐渐下降,但下降速度随HPP纤维掺量的增加逐渐减缓;HFRAC的立方体抗压强度随HPP纤维掺量增加变化不明显,但弹性模量略有降低;HFRAC的劈裂抗拉强度随着HPP纤维掺量的增加逐步提高,拉压比逐渐增大,且塑性性能优于SFRAC.另外发现,随着再生骨料取代率的增加,HF-RAC与SFRAC的力学性能均有所降低.     

复掺废砖再生混凝土的抗压强度

试验研究水灰比、砂率、粉煤灰替代率、硅灰掺量及废砖替代率5个因素对复掺废砖再生混凝土抗压强度的影响.结果表明:水灰比、砂率和粉煤灰替代率对复掺再生混凝土28 d抗压强度的影响都是先增大后减小;随着硅灰掺量的增加,再生混凝土28 d抗压强度依次增大;随着废砖替代率的提高,再生混凝土28 d抗压强度逐步减小;当其他组分掺量适当,废砖骨料替代率为100%时,可以配制满足C30强度要求的再生混凝土.     

高温下复掺纤维RPC立方体抗压性能研究

完成了108个70.7mm×70.7mm×70.7mm复掺纤维活性粉末混凝土(RPC)立方体试块高温下抗压试验.考察了聚丙烯纤维(PPF)和钢纤维复掺对RPC高温爆裂的抑制效果,研究了温度和复掺纤维掺量对高温下RPC立方体抗压性能的影响.结果表明:体积掺量2%的钢纤维和0.2%的PPF复掺能有效防止RPC爆裂,高温下立方体RPC的抗压强度也相对较高.100℃时RPC的立方体抗压强度比常温低,200～500℃时立方体抗压强度相比100℃时有所升高,600～800℃时立方体抗压强度相对500℃时降低.若钢纤维掺量相同,则20～300℃时,立方体抗压强度随PPF掺量增大而降低;400～800℃时,立方体抗压强度随PPF掺量增大而提高.若PPF掺量相同,则20～100℃时,立方体抗压强度随钢纤维掺量的增大而提高;200～800℃时,立方体抗压强度随钢纤维掺量的增大而降低;100～400℃时复掺纤维RPC的立方体相对抗压强度低于普通混凝土和高强混凝土,400～800℃时复掺纤维RPC的相对抗压强度则较大.基于试验结果,拟合出了不同纤维掺量的RPC高温下立方体抗压强度随温度变化的计算公式.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.