国际EPC水电项目设计激励机理

提高中国水电施工企业作为国际设计-采购-施工(EPC)项目总承包商的设计管理能力有助于指导中国企业开拓国际水电市场。该文基于博弈理论,构建了总承包商与设计方之间的单期-多期激励模型,根据双方努力水平与收益矩阵变化,演绎了双方之间激励作用机理。基于7个国际水电EPC项目案例,对模型分析进行了实证检验。结果表明:1)设置激励机制有利于促进总承包商和设计方提高努力水平,优化设计,进而提升双方收益;2)单期激励对设计优化有促进作用,但设计方存在"机会主义"动机,激励效果不稳定;3)多期激励基于长期合作共赢理念,可维护总承包商和设计方之间合作关系的稳定性,激励效果更为明显;4)总承包商在EPC项目设计管理中应择优选择设计方、加强设计评审,并同设计方建立长期合作伙伴关系。     

基于伙伴关系的国际EPC项目接口管理

提高国际设计-采购-施工(engineering-procurement-construction,EPC)项目的接口管理能力有利于实现项目目标,提升中国承包商在国际工程中的履约能力和核心竞争力。该文采用问卷调研、访谈、案例和社会网络分析等方法,构建并验证了基于伙伴关系的EPC总承包项目接口管理模型,揭示了总包与各接口方之间的信任、信息共享、沟通与接口管理表现的相互作用关系。结果表明:总包-设计方的接口管理表现最好;接口方之间的信任和有效沟通可直接提高接口管理绩效。信任关系还可通过提高信息共享程度来提升沟通效率,最终对接口管理产生积极影响;社会网络分析和案例分析证实了设计方和供应商在总包方社会网络中的重要地位。     

基于伙伴关系的国际EPC水电项目设计管理

提升中国水电施工企业作为国际设计-采购-施工(EPC)项目总承包商的设计管理水平有利于增强中国企业的国际竞争力。基于文献调研,该文构建了基于伙伴关系的国际工程EPC项目设计管理模型,分析了伙伴关系、设计管理和项目绩效之间的作用机理,并利用从6个国家的7个大型EPC水电项目收集的数据进行了实证检验。通过信度效度检验、因子分析和路径分析,得出主要结论有:1)EPC总承包商设计管理重点可解构为制度建设、争端处理、方案优化以及技术提升4个因子;2)伙伴关系、设计管理与项目绩效之间存在正向促进关系,设计管理对项目绩效提升有显著促进作用,伙伴关系不仅可以通过促进设计管理提升项目绩效,还可以直接改善项目绩效。     

涉外输配电工程现场管理实战技巧

国外工程的承包方式一般情况下为EPC模式,也就是交钥匙项目。简单地说就是设计、设备采购及运输、工程施工等项目实施全过程承包方式。相比国内工程的实施,以下几个环节值得特别注意： 1.现场考察环节该环节应在投标前进行,而且必须要有丰富设计经验的人员参加。公司与中国河南国际合作集团有限公司合作,     

对物流企业战略联盟的博弈分析

文章介绍了博弈论理论以及其四种博弈均衡,用博弈论来分析物流企业战略联盟伙伴关系的稳定性。通过分析了解到物流企业战略联盟的关键环节是联盟中的信任与合作机制,由此提出提高物流企业战略联盟的绩效,增加联盟稳定性的一些建议。     

国际工程EPC总承包项目风险模糊综合评价

近年来,越来越多的国内企业进入国际工程承包市场,该市场越来越倾向于EPC方式承发包大型工程项目.在项目的实施过程中,相比传统的承包模式使承包商面临着更多的风险因素,为提高企业决策的科学性和合理性,该文针对EPC总承包模式的风险,利用模糊综合评价法评价EPC总承包项目的风险.首先进行风险识别,然后建立风险模型,应用模糊综合评价方法的基本原理,最终得出EPC总承包项目的风险等级.该模型具有通用性,适用于各类EPC项目风险评价.     

产业技术创新联盟信任机制研究 ——基于博弈分析的视角

运用博弈论相关知识,对产业技术创新联盟中企业与高校及科研院所双方的信任合作进行了一次性博弈和无限次重复博弈分析,在此基础上,引入政府这个外在环境因素,阐述了政府的介入对于企业和高校双方信任博弈的影响.分析结果显示,一次性博弈中,企业和高校都会选择“不信任”的帕累托低效均衡解;无限次重复博弈,企业和高校都会选择“信任”的帕累托最优均衡解,双方均走出了一次性博弈时的困境;而政府的介入,对于联盟成员具有非常显著的约束力,会影响博弈双方的策略选择.针对产业技术创新联盟在合作过程中存在的由于缺乏信任导致的联盟效率低、失败率高、稳定性不足等诸多问题,健全产业技术创新联盟内的信任机制对整个产业技术创新联盟高效运转至关重要.应当从法律基础建设、信用评价体系构建、政府介入等方面促进产业技术创新联盟信任机制的建立与完善.     

项目合作关系下承包商选择的研究

针对建筑行业中业主与承包商通过合作可以实现双方共赢,但传统的承包商选择模型难以选择到合作关系下的承包商这一问题,利用因子分析法对影响建筑行业中项目合作成功的16个变量进行分析,提出了项目合作关系下承包商选择的基本框架,从一个全新的角度诠释了合作关系下的承包商选择的标准.指出业主企业在竞购阶段选取项目合作的承包商时应注重承包商的这四个方面:合作意愿、敏捷性能力、合作能力和竞购能力,为业主企业在竞购阶段正确选择项目合作承包商提供参考.     

大型R＆D项目的国际合作联盟关系研究

20世纪80年代以来,国际战略联盟成为企业间重要的合作形式。技术的复杂性以及涉及领域的广泛性,也使国际战略联盟成为大型R&D项目的合作形式。本文主要从国际合作联盟的原因、形式出发,介绍了国外大型R&D项目的合作形式,并论述了国际合作联盟对我国重大专项的重要性。     

面向科技经济融合的中俄科技合作策略

 当前,世界处于百年未有之大变局,全球科技合作呈现出“合作与竞争交织”的状态。中国和俄罗斯科技合作历史悠久,基础良好,双方基于科技经济融合的共同目标开展科技合作前景广阔。通过分析当前中俄科技合作的新背景,包括两国建立全面战略协作伙伴关系,共同面对“科技冷战”,共同面临后新冠肺炎疫情时期的科技挑战等,阐释了中俄双方科技合作的新目标,包括聚焦科技经济融合、强化基础研究、打造创新生态系统。针对新背景与新目标,提出中俄科技合作应坚持面向经济主战场的合作目标,突出产业链与创新链有效衔接的合作导向,巩固体现比较优势的合作基础,拓展基于创新要素的合作方式。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Jane Eyre——A Feminist In The 19th Century

In the 19th century the society was controlled by men, and women were just appendants of them, they had not any rights and freedom. But Jane was an exception, she showed some characteristics of early feminist. Jane showed her characteristics of feminism in three aspects: rebellion, equality, and independence. These characteristics were helpful to her success, and feminism is the only way out for women of that time.     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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