双端热透镜Z型固体激光腔图解分析

采用传播圆图解方法研究了具有双端热透镜的Z型折叠固体激光腔的工作特性,得到了谐振腔各腔臂中的光模参数bt1,bt2,b2及光斑尺寸wt1,wt2,w2随激光介质的热动力参数1/ft1及1/ft2的变化关系;结果表明通过合理选择参数可对腔的热稳定范围及基模光斑尺进行调控,其关键参数是对称的第1、3臂的长度l01 f1(或l02 f2),其值越小,腔的热稳定区越宽,同时激光晶体处的基模光斑越小.第2臂中的参数δ对热稳区宽度没有明显影响,但δ值越大,对应的光斑半径wt1及wt2也越大.     

两种典型双棒串接Nd∶YAG激光器谐振腔的分析

采用矩阵光学的方法对两种典型双棒串接Nd∶YAG激光器谐振腔进行了研究 ,分析了两种腔型的稳定区间和热焦距 f的关系 ,并推导出两种腔型的模体积计算公式 .在 f =0 .1 6m和 f =0 .5 0m两种情况下绘出了两种腔型的模体积与稳定区间的关系图 .结果表明 :谐振腔内棒的位置直接影响了腔的稳定范围和模体积 ,对两种典型谐振腔来说 ,等间距腔的稳定范围和模体积要大得多 ,在输入功率相同时 ,等间距腔的输出功率会更高     

两种典型双棒串接Nd:YAG激光器谐振腔的分析

采用矩阵光学的方法对两种典型双棒串接Nd：YAG激光器谐振腔进行了研究，分析了两种腔型的稳定区间和热焦距F的关系，并推导出两种腔型的模体积计算公式．在f＝0．16m和f＝0．50m两种情况下绘出了两种腔型的模体积与稳定区间的关系图．结果表明：谐振腔内棒的位置直接影响了腔的稳定范围和模体积，对两种典型谐振腔来说，等间距腔的稳定范围和模体积要大得多，在输入功率相同时，等间距腔的输出功率会更高．     

无热透镜效应Z型腔的图解分析

针对半导体激光泵浦的YAG自锁模Z型谐振腔,利用光学谐振腔的传播圆方法,在不考虑热透镜效应情况下进行理论计算和数值分析,求出了输出光斑半径和腰斑半径.并通过MATLAB作图对两种情况下的稳区进行分析,得出了腔参数对稳区的影响:克尔介质的尺寸影响较小,折叠镜的曲率半径增大可使稳区右移并增大,腔长增加使稳区左移并变小.     

无热透镜效应Z型腔的图解分析

针对半导体激光泵浦的YAG自锁模Z型谐振腔,利用光学谐振腔的传播圆方法,在不考虑热透镜效应情况下进行理论计算和数值分析,求出了输出光斑半径和腰斑半径。并通过MATLAB作图对两种情况下的稳区进行分析,得出了腔参数对稳区的影响:克尔介质的尺寸影响较小,折叠镜的曲率半径增大可使稳区右移并增大,腔长增加使稳区左移并变小。     

基于MATHCAD的四镜折叠腔优化设计

根据传输矩阵理论,对丰导体泵浦的四镜折叠腔SESAM锁模激光器,数值分析了谐振腔稳定性、谐振腔端面光斑半径与腔参量的关系。分析表明在谐振腔稳区内,谐振腔的臂长L1、L2有一个较大的取值范围,而臂长L3对谐振腔的稳定性及谐振腔2个端面的光斑半径影响比较明显,它的取值范围较小并略大于R3的焦距,所以在实验中对L3必须仔细调节。     

功率连续可调、高稳定度的Ⅴ型CO_2激光器

由于发展了气体电子学的并联放电稳定性理论,设计了带阻抗调节器的高稳定度气体激光管并联放电的激光电源系统,并考虑到反射镜热形变对谐振腔结构参数的影响,从而改进了谐振腔设计,实现了激光输出功率大范围可调、高稳定度的V形折迭式CO_2激光器。最高激光输出功率达160瓦,放电长度3米,比功率大于50瓦/米,稳定度为±3%,电光转换效率优于14%,发散角小于1.5毫弧度,光斑为低阶模,激光输出功率可由30瓦连续调到最佳值。整机具有较大的可靠性与通用性。     

折迭谐振腔的等效腔及镜面光斑的矩阵计算

由等效腔的G参数并不能直接给出折迭式激光谐振腔原腔各镜面上的模斑尺寸,这一问题可用光学矩阵法以及等效腔的g参数进行计算。     

输出镜对三棒串接固体激光器的影响

采用矩阵光学的方法,分析了输出镜对三棒串接固体激光器输出光束的影响.对谐振腔的两种腔型进行了研究,得出了其稳定区间.结果表明:输出镜的位置影响了三棒固体激光器的稳定范围和模体积,进而影响了输出功率.等间距放置的模体积相对较大,在输入功率相同时,输出功率也较大.分析表明输出镜的位置也影响了输出光束的光斑半径、远场发散角,并得出了光斑半径和远场发散角与输出镜位置的关系图象.     

激光V型谐振腔的等价腔分析法

为了分析激光谐振腔的稳定性,选取广泛应用的V型腔作为研究对象,将V型折叠腔等效为含有透镜的三镜直型腔(共轴球面腔),然后采用*g-参数等价腔分析法,将三镜直型腔等价为不含透镜的共轴球面腔,进而考虑激光晶体的热透镜效应,采用多元件光学谐振腔等价腔分析法推导出热透镜效应下V型腔的g?-、g?-等价空腔.该方法形象地将V型腔与共轴球面腔联系了起来,有效地体现V型谐振腔中各参量之间变化关系,通过对热透镜效应下V型腔的g?-、g?等价空腔的计算,便可对V型腔的稳定性的影响因素进行求解分析,为激光谐振腔的分析和设计提供重要参考.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to