羟基硬脂酸铁多层单分子膜的X射线衍射研究

用 X 射线测量了奇数(直到31层)羟基硬脂酸铁(FeSt_2OH)的衍射。多层膜用 Langmuir—Blodgett 技术一层一层地沉积分子制取。在层数为7时,能区分连续的衍射图谱由几个(00l)Bragg 峰和位于 Bragg 峰之间的“次极大”组成。给出了结果的定性解释,计算了多层膜的周期 D 值和膜厚度(ND)。     

5,10,15-三对氯苯基-20-邻(α-氧基硬脂酸)苯基卟啉Langmuir-Blodgett膜的性质研究

研究了具有双亲性的5,10,15-三对氯苯基-20-邻(α-氧基硬脂酸)苯基卟啉(TSPP)在气-液界面上的成膜性能,制备了不同层数的TSPP LB膜.利用UV-vis分光光度计,小角x射线衍射,原子力显微镜等方法,研究了膜的表面形貌及卟啉分子在膜中的排列取向及相互作用.实验结果表明:双亲性的5,10,15-三对氯苯基-20-邻(α-氧基硬脂酸)苯基卟啉(TSPP)在气液界面上具有良好的成膜性能,制备的单层和多层LB膜性能稳定并具有良好的纵向均匀性和结构周期性.在旋转涂得的薄膜上,TSPP分子以聚集体的形式分散分布,未聚集的TSPP分子形成的薄膜,表面分布着大量针孔状的缺陷;LB膜表面平整均匀,TSPP分子的环平面紧密地排列在一起以羧基为支撑点垂直“站立”在基片平面上,分子侧链与基片平面成52.3°角排列.     

AIDF与硬脂酸混合LB膜光谱的研究

用9-十八烷基亚胺-4,5-二氮杂芴(AIDF)与硬脂酸以不同的物质的量之比混合制备了多层LB膜,用紫外和荧光光谱对此LB膜进行了研究。紫外-可见光谱表明:AIDF的含量及LB膜的层数越多,峰的吸收强度也就越大。荧光光谱表明:在560nm左右有一较强的发射峰。     

磁控溅射Si/Co多层膜的小角X射线衍射测试研究

用小角X射线衍射方法对Si/Co多层膜进行了测试研究,应用衍射理论对测试中出现的周期数不多的强峰和其间的一系列次强峰进行了分析,在计算多层和单层膜厚度时,提出利用相邻两个衍射峰的角度之差来消除系统误差和定位误差的简便方法,使数据处理得到简化.最后,通过XPS分析指出,在膜层界面具有硅的化合物存在.     

磁控溅射Si／Co多层膜的小角X射线衍射测试研究

用小角X射线衍射方法对Si/Co多层膜进行了测试研究,应用衍射理论对测试中出现的周期数不多的强峰和其间的一系列次强峰进行了分析,在计算多层和单层膜厚度时,提出利用相邻两个衍射峰的角度之差来消除系统误差和定位误差的简便方法,使数据处理得到简化。最后,通过XPS分析指出,在膜层界面具有硅的化合物存在。     

Co/Si多层膜的磁控溅射及其X射线衍射分析

用超高真空磁控溅射设备在不同溅射压强及衬底温度的工艺条件下制备了一系列Ｃｏ／Ｓｉ多层膜．Ｘ射线小角衍射证实所研制的多层膜具有周期调制结构．分别采用不同的理论方法计算了多层膜的周期和折射修正项．表明修正项不再仅对折射效应修正,而应理解为更广义的修正项．并应用广义修正总多层膜厚度Ｂｒａｇｇ公式确定出了主峰之间次峰的级数．     

染料LB膜及其非线性光学效应的研究

合成了五种具有二嗜性、能形成单分子膜,又具有大的二阶非线性极化率β的有机染料——半花菁和苯腙衍生物。将它们制备成均一或混合的单分子层和多层LB膜。用相对法测定了它们的β值,证实了半花菁和部分苯腙衍生物具有高达3.711×10~(-49)c~3·m~3·J~(-2)的β值。用X射线小角衍射、紫外-可见吸收光谱、荧光光谱及二次光学谐波信号,对LB膜进行了表征,给出了膜中分子取向和排列情况,证实膜中分子存在J聚体形式。     

γ-Fe2O3超微粒/硬脂酸复合LB膜制备和磁特性

用超声分散的方法将γ-Fe2O3超微粒分散于硬脂酸/正己烷/氯仿溶液中,用LB膜进行有序组装,结果显示:γ-Fe2O3超微粒能够均匀地分散在有机溶剂中,γ-Fe2O3超微粒/硬脂酸单分子膜的成膜性能良好,覆盖度很高;γ-Fe2O3超微粒超微粒/硬脂酸复合LB膜具有一定的层状结构;用LB膜技术组装后,γ-Fe2O3超微粒的磁特性基本保持不变.     

固体表面上Langmuir-Blodgett膜的红外反射吸收光谱研究

由于人工合成膜在模拟生物膜体系中的重要性,Langmuir-Blodgett膜(LB膜)近年来引起人们的新关注。用红外光谱方法对固体表面上LB膜进行研究可以得到有关结构及组成的直接信息。由于组成LB膜的物质量很少(对于单层硬脂酸钙LB膜,约为8×10~(-10)摩尔/厘米~2),给测量带来很多困难。本文用灵敏度较高的ASFTIRRAS     

高岭石结构有序度的X射线衍射研究

本文对采自苏州阳山、湖南界牌的13个高岭石样品进行了系统的X射线粉晶衍射研究,得出了一个高岭石结构有序-无序系列。分析发现X射线衍射图中衍射峰的强度变化和分辨程度反映了高岭石结构有序的高低,认为欣克利指数即[I(1(?)0)+I(11(?))]/I′(1(?)0)~(1))越大,I(020)/I(1(?)0)值越小,19°～33°,34°～40°(2θ)区域内衍射峰分辨越好,高岭石结构有序度越高。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to