虾夷马粪海胆人工育苗及养成

成果简介 虾夷马粪海胆是从国外引进的一种具优良经济性状的海产珍品,开展其人工育苗和养殖,可有效地增加我国沿海资源量,扩大海胆出口,提高海水养殖和加工企业的经济效益。     

患病草鱼主要消化酶活性变化的研究

分析了健康鱼和患肠炎病草鱼的淀粉酶和蛋白酶活性。其淀粉酶最适pH值均为7.2，蛋白酶最适pH值分别为7．0和6．0；其淀粉酶最适温度分别为30℃和35℃，蛋白酶最适温度均为40℃，且患肠炎病草鱼蛋白酶和淀粉酶活性较健康鱼低，但pH值在5．7以下时，患病鱼的蛋白酶活性较健康鱼高；温度在28℃以下时，患病鱼的淀粉酶活性比健康鱼高。     

暗纹东方鲀蛋白酶活性的研究

pH是影响蛋白酶活性的显著因素之一 .本文仅初步探讨了pH对一龄、二龄两种规格暗纹东方的胃、肠、肝胰脏蛋白酶活性的影响 .结果表明 ,一、二龄鱼的胃蛋白酶最适pH均在 2 .2 ,肠蛋白酶最适pH为 8.5 ,而一龄鱼肝胰脏蛋白酶最适pH在 9.0以上 ,二龄鱼的最适pH为 8.5 .另外 ,蛋白酶活性大小依序为胃、肠、肝胰脏 .0 .5mol/LCaCl2 溶液能明显的抑制胃蛋白酶的活性 .     

暗纹东方Tun蛋白酶活性的研究

pH是影响蛋白酶活性的显著因素之一。本文仅初步探讨了pH对一龄、二龄两种规格暗纹东方Tun的胃、肠、肝胰脏蛋白酶活性的影响。结果表明,一、二龄鱼的胃蛋白酶最适pH均在2．2,肠蛋白酶最适pH为8．5,而一龄鱼肝胰脏蛋白酶最适pH在9．0以上,二龄鱼的最适pH为8．5。另外,蛋白酶活性大小依次为胃、肠、肝胰脏。0．5mol/L CaCI2溶液能明显地抑制胃蛋白酶的活性。     

温度和pH对黑鲷主要消化酶活性的影响

本试验研究了温度和pH值对黑鲷胃、肠及肝胰脏中蛋白酶、淀粉酶和脂肪酶等3种主要消化酶活性的影响.结果表明:黑鲷蛋白酶、淀粉酶和脂肪酶的最适温度分别为50℃,40℃和30℃;在胃,蛋白酶、淀粉酶和脂肪酶的最适pH值分别为2.0,5.0和4.0,均在酸性范围;而在肠和肝胰脏,蛋白酶、淀粉酶、脂肪酶的最适pH值分别是7.0,7.0,7.5和7.5,7.0,7.0,且均为中性或弱碱性.并且在适宜的温度和pH值条件下,黑鲷不同组织蛋白酶活性大小顺序为:胃>肠>肝胰脏;淀粉酶活性大小顺序为:肝胰脏>肠>胃;脂肪酶活性大小顺序为:肠>肝胰脏>胃.     

pH和温度对黄姑鱼主要消化酶活力的影响

采用酶学分析的方法,研究了在不同pH和温度下离体黄姑鱼蛋白酶、淀粉酶、脂肪酶的活性变化。结果表明:pH和温度对黄姑鱼主要消化道各部位消化酶活力多数有显著影响(P0.05),在黄姑鱼前肠、中肠、后肠、胃、肝胰脏5个部位,蛋白酶的最适pH分别为6.4、7.8、7.8、2.2、6.4,淀粉酶最适pH分别为5.0、7.8、7.8、6.4、5.0,脂肪酶的最适pH分别为5.0、6.4、7.8、3.6、5.0;在最适pH条件下,前肠、中肠、后肠、胃、肝胰脏中蛋白酶的最适温度均为40℃左右,淀粉酶的最适温度除肝胰脏中为40℃外,其他部位均为30℃,脂肪酶的最适温度均为40℃。蛋白酶活力在pH 6.4、37℃时达到最大值1 606.576±83.457 U,淀粉酶活性在pH 6.4、37℃时达到最大值188.086±17.538 U,脂肪酶在pH 5.0、40℃时达到最大值34.247±1.926 U。     

酶法制备鸡骨HAP的研究

采用不同蛋白酶对鸡骨进行水解制备动物水解蛋白(HAP).结果表明,胰酶、AS.1398中性蛋白酶和Alcalase具有较好的水解效果.通过正交试验,以水解度为指标确定胰酶的优化水解条件为:温度50℃,pH值8.5,酶和底物的比值(E/S)为0.75%,底物浓度5%,水解时间为60 min;AS.1398中性蛋白酶最适水解条件为:温度55℃,pH值7.5,E/S为3%,底物浓度5%,水解时间为60 min;Alcalase酶解的最适水解条件为:温度60℃,pH值8.5,E/S为1%,底物浓度5%,水解时间为60 min.     

植酸酶液体发酵条件及酶学性质的研究

植酸酶产生菌黑曲霉 90 3(Aspergillusniger)的最适产酶条件 :初始pH5 .0～ 6 .5 ,温度2 9± 1℃ ,培养时间 4d ,2 5 0ml三角瓶发酵液的装量为 5 0ml,一定量的Fe2 +和Mn2 +对产酶有促进作用 ;酶的最适作用pH为 5 .5～ 6 .0 ,最适作用温度为 37℃ ,该酶在 pH3.0～ 7.0 ,温度 30～ 5 0℃时稳定性较好。     

pH值和温度对虎纹蛙消化系统蛋白酶活力的影响

采用福林-酚试剂法,就pH值和温度对虎纹蛙(Rana rugulosa)消化系统蛋白酶活力的影响进行了研究.结果表明,虎纹蛙食道、胃、前肠、后肠、直肠和胰脏蛋白酶的最适pH值分别为1.5、1.5、7.4、7.4、7.4和9.6,最适温度则均为50℃.文中对蛙类的人工养殖提出了几点建议.     

产碱性冷适蛋白酶菌株Chryseobacterium sp.vv8的鉴定及粗酶性质

为鉴定金黄杆菌属(Chryseobacterium)菌株vv8及分析其胞外蛋白酶的酶学特性,首先,通过分子及生理生化特性对菌株vv8进行鉴定;然后,采用明胶平板筛选法和Lowry法对菌株vv8进行产酶筛选和蛋白酶活性测定;最后,研究pH值、温度、金属离子和抑制剂对该蛋白酶活性的影响.研究结果表明:菌株vv8的16S rDNA与比目鱼黄杆菌(C.scophthalmum)具有98.24%的序列相似性,属于Chryseobacterium属;菌株vv8的最适生长条件是温度为22℃,NaCl质量浓度为0 mg·mL~(-1),pH值为6.0;菌株vv8的胞外蛋白酶在pH值为5.0～10.0,温度为0～90℃范围内均具有酶活性,其最适酶活温度和pH值分别为40℃,8.5;在最适条件下,蛋白酶具有较高的稳定性,在冻干过程中,添加葡萄糖具有明显的酶活保护作用;Fe~(3+),Fe~(2+),Cu~(2+)等金属离子及乙二胺四乙酸(EDTA)对酶活性有明显的抑制作用,该酶对洗衣液和尿素具有较好的耐受性.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

The Analects and the Moment in Peking——The influence of a Confucian education system on the personality formation,the way of thinking and the fate of the main characters

0.Preface China has long been boasting of its colorful and immense culture which comprises of Taoism,Confucianism and Buddhism.The interwoven influence among the religions on Chinese way of thinking,on the nation＇s behavior in their social life throughout the long history is beyond list.