关于环上矩阵的广义逆（Ⅱ）

本文给出了环上矩阵（１，５）－逆的一个新的计算公式，并利用群逆刻划了约化环、强正则环及除环，最后讨论了矩阵幂的ＭＰ－逆和群逆之间的联系。     

环上矩阵的Drazin逆

本文中，我们利用π－正则环的理论，使用具有一般性的方法，对环上矩阵的Ｄｒａｚｉｎ逆进行了讨论，得到了环上一切矩阵的Ｄｒａｘｉｎ逆存在的若干充分必要条件。     

环逆代数—一般环的等效系统

推广了广义结合ＢＥＩ－代数系统，引入环逆代数的概念，该类代数与一般环中加法的“逆”有密切关系，故称之为环逆代数。本文主要证明了环逆代数与一般环间的一一对应关系，从而说明环逆代数是一般环的等效系统。     

环上加边矩阵M的g—逆

给出了非交换主理想整环上矩阵Ｍ＝（Ａ,Ｂ,Ｃ ０）的ｇ－逆的一般式,及Ｍ的ｇ－逆中各子块相互独立的充要条件,讨论了Ｍ的ｇ－逆的两种特殊形式。     

环上矩阵的Drazin逆

设Ｒ是一交换环,Ａ∈Ｍｎ（Ｒ）,定义Ａ的指数和Ｄｒａｚｉｎ逆Ａ＾Ｄ,假设Ａｋ＝ＰＢＱ,ｋ＝ｉｎｄ（Ａ）,其中Ｐ,Ｂ,Ｑ∈Ｍｎ（Ｒ）,存在Ｐ’,Ｑ’∈Ｍｎ（Ｒ）,使得Ｐ‘ＰＢ＝Ｂ＝ＢＱＱ’若Ｂ有群逆,则Ａ有Ｄｒａｚｉｎ逆当且仅当ＢＢ＾＃ＱＡＰＢ＋Ｉ－ＢＢ＾＃可能,此时有Ａ＾Ｄ＝ＰＢ（ＢＢ＾＃ＱＡＰＢ＋Ｉ－ＢＢ＾＃）＾－１Ｑ。     

布尔矩阵的极小g—逆和g—逆集的一个表示法

提出了布尔矩阵的极小ｇ－逆（广义逆）的概念，给出了求正则布尔矩阵的极小ｇ－逆集的一个算汉和极小ｇ－逆个数的计算公式。根据ｇ－逆界定理，一个正则布尔矩阵Ａ的全部ｇ－逆可以通过Ａ的极小ｇ－逆集和最大ｇ－逆表示出来。     

布尔矩阵的极小合g－逆和g－逆集的一个表示法

提出了布尔矩阵的极小ｇ－逆（广义逆）的概念，给出了求正则布尔矩阵的极小ｇ－逆集的一个算法和极小ｇ－逆个数的计算公式。根据ｇ－逆界定理，一个正则布尔矩阵Ａ的全部ｇ－逆可以通过Ａ的极小ｇ－逆集和最大ｇ－逆表示出来。     

关于态射和的广义逆

给出了态射和的（1，2，i）－逆与群逆存在的条件及它们的显式，推广了Huylebrouck关于态射和MP－逆与群逆的结论。     

布尔矩阵g-逆的求法

本文给出了布尔矩阵的最大ｇ－逆的构造性算法,极小ｇ－逆的简易算法及其人证明,从而可以简捷算出布尔矩阵的全部ｇ－逆。     

关于环上矩阵乘积的广义逆

研究环上矩阵乘积的广义逆 ,得到了其广义逆存在的充要条件 ,给出了相应广义逆的表达式 ,推广了文献 [1 ]的有关结果。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.