基于重心法的模糊风险分析

为了使模糊风险分析理论在实际中的应用更有效,需要建立更合理的模糊数间的相似性测度公式.以往基于重心法所建立的模糊数间的相似性测度依据的都是近似的重心公式,缺乏理论根据.针对广义梯形模糊数,采用SCGM建立准确的COG公式,说明了基于此表达式计算广义梯形模糊数相似度的优势,从而克服了用近似重心公式得到的相似性测度公式的缺陷.结果表明:基于准确COG表达式所给出的相似性测度进行模糊风险分析,得到的结果可靠性更高,便于决策者作出更加准确的决策.     

广义梯形模糊数与其重心间的关系(英文)

作者讨论了广义梯形模糊数和它的重心之间的关系.一方面,通过一个已知广义梯形模糊数,利用公式可以确定出它的重心;另一方面,如果已知一个广义梯形模糊数的重心、宽度和左右扩张,则可以确定出这个广义梯形模糊数,并赋予相应的例子.     

基于Hausdroff距离的扩展模糊数相似性测度

提出了一种新的度量扩展模糊数相似性的新方法．在分析了现有几种相似性测度原理的基础上,指出了它们的不足之处,通过将每个扩展模糊数当作图像样本,并引入了模式识别领域中Hausdroff距离,构造了新的相似性测度公式．多组数值算例表明,该方法可以有效地度量扩展模糊数之间的相似性．     

基于GOWA算子的IITFN群决策方法

对区间直觉梯形模糊数(IITFN)决策方法进行了研究.通过定义区间直觉梯形模糊数的期望值和预期得分,进而给出区间直觉梯形模糊数的一种新的排序方法;同时,给出了广义有序加权平均算子及其性质.为了求广义有序加权平均(GOWA)算子的权重,提出了广义最小二乘法,进而建立了基于区间直觉梯形模糊数的属性权重完全未知的多属性群决策方法,并给出了相应的群决策方法.实例分析验证了所提出方法的有效性.     

区间直觉模糊集的新相似性测度

相似性测度是度量两个集合相似性程度的重要方法.本文针对 Liang和Shi提出的直觉模糊集的相似性测度存在的问题进行改进,并将改进后的直觉模糊集的相似性测度推广到区间直觉模糊环境.同时,归纳了一种计算区间相似性测度的一般步骤,最后通过实例验证了该方法的有效性.     

广义梯形模糊数相似性度量的 新方法及其应用

针对模糊数相似度计算问题,提出一种新的基于广义梯形模糊数的相似度量方法,在保证度量有效性的前提下,降低相似度的计算复杂性,提高其区分度,扩大其适用范围.给出区分性、无效率和不合理率三个评价指标,以对不同相似度方法进行比较.实验结果表明新方法具有较好的性能.最后,通过基于DS证据理论的故障诊断实例说明所提方法的合理性和可用性.     

基于广义区间梯形模糊集的大学生素质评价模型

基于广义区间梯形模糊数的重心计算、广义区间梯形模糊集的有权算术集成算子和混合集成算子,建立一种新模型来处理大学生素质评价问题.算例结果显示该模型处理大学生素质评价问题是有效的.     

区间直觉梯形模糊几何Bonferroni平均算子及其应用

研究了决策信息为区间直觉梯形模糊数且属性间存在相互关联的多属性群决策问题,提出一种基于区间直觉梯形模糊几何加权Bonferroni平均算子的决策方法.基于区间梯形直觉模糊数的运算法则和几何Bonferroni平均算子,定义了区间直觉梯形模糊几何Bonferroni平均算子及其加权算子.给出了这些算子的一些性质,建立基于区间直觉梯形模糊几何加权Bonferroni平均算子的多属性群决策模型.最后,将该方法应用在供应商选择的群决策问题中,结果表明了该方法的有效性与可行性.     

基于梯形二维语言变量相似度的多属性群决策方法

针对评价信息为梯形二维语言变量的多属性群决策问题,提出了一种新的梯形二维语言变量的相似性测度并探讨其性质;基于相似性测度最大化准则构建了两个优化模型以分别求解多属性群决策问题中的专家权重和属性权重,进而提出一种新的基于梯形二维语言变量相似性测度的多属性群决策方法;最后通过实例验证了新方法的合理性和有效性.     

基于柔性相似度量和可能性歪度的尾矿坝风险评估方法

针对现有相似性度量方法只能处理线性信息以及信息的非对称性所导致的尾矿坝风险评估效果差的问题,提出了一种基于柔性相似度量和可能性歪度的尾矿坝风险评估方法.将广义模糊数扩展为自适应模糊数,给出了柔性相似度量方法,并对其基本性质进行了证明;剖析各评估指标信息的非对称性,建立了可能性歪度矩阵;利用柔性相似度量和可能性歪度,构建尾矿坝风险评估模型,并通过尾矿坝实例来验证方法的有效性.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.