高精度Sigma-delta调制器系统设计和仿真

提出了一种基于MATLAB/SIMULINK sigma-delta(ΣΔ)调制器系统设计与仿真的方法.该方法首先根据设计目标确定调制器的阶数、过采样率和内嵌量化器位数,优化调制器噪声传输函数NTF的零极点,调整调制器的结构系数,得到性能优化的调制器系统结构;然后通过分析调制器非理想因素,对非理想情况下的调制器基于SIMULINK进行行为级建模与仿真;最后得到调制器子模块电路参数.调制器电路级仿真结果表明由该方法得到模块参数能够有效、可靠的指导调制器的电路设计.     

基于MATLAB的ΣΔ调制器的比较与研究

在数字产品日益增长的今天,ΣΔADC的角色越来越重要,其充分利用现代VLSI高速、高集成度的优点,已经是现代实现高精度转换器的主流方向。基于MATLAB对同阶级联结构的ΣΔ调制器进行了仿真与比较,研究结果表明2-2及2-1-1结构的ΣΔ调制器,虽然阶数相同,传递函数相同,但是2-1-1结构的量化信噪比比2-2结构的量化信噪比要小。     

过采样ΣΔ调制器结构参数设计自动化

采用基于最小偏差逼近多项式和递推法求解待定系数的方法，开发了一套内插式过采样ΣΔ调制器设计自动化软件，动态调整调制器的结构参数，使ΣΔ调制器的性能和得能优化。     

一种新型级联ΣΔ调制器系统结构

针对传统高阶级联ΣΔ调制器结构电路复杂和对运算放大器的增益和线性度要求较高的缺点,提出了一种新型的2-3两级5阶多位量化器级联ΣΔ调制器系统结构.该结构的第1级采用2阶多位量化器的低失真ΣΔ调制器结构,减小了运算放大器的非线性有限增益对调制器性能的影响.第2级采用信号传递函数等于单位增益的单环3阶ΣΔ调制器,而不是传统级联结构中1阶或2阶ΣΔ调制器,降低了电路的复杂程度.系统仿真结果表明：在最大增益为70 dB的非线性运算放大器增益、±0.2%的随机数模转换误差的非理想条件下,该调制器的最大信号噪声失真比能够达到95 dB.     

基于Σ-Δ调制技术的信号发生器设计

提出了一种新的采用ΣΔ调制和无损离散积分振荡器来产生片内模拟信号的方法.研究了电路的实现原理和噪声传递函数零点优化设计方法,运用无乘法器的梯型滤波器结构和ΣΔ调制技术避免了多位高精度乘法运算和多位D/A数模转换器硬件成本高的缺点.除一个比较器外,整个电路全部由标准CMOS工艺来实现集成,硬件成本非常低,非常适用基于可测性混合集成电路的设计.通过一个6阶实例和仿真的结果表示:6阶的信号发生器具有120 dB衰减的动态带宽.     

∑-△型A/D转换器中量化噪声的功率谱整形

在设计数据采集系统时, 为使采集系统前端输出信号的带宽与后端处理模块相匹配, 在建立高阶Σ-Δ调制器理论模型的基础上, 对A/D转换器中的量化噪声功率谱的整形过程进行了研究。理论分析和仿真结果表明, 结合了过采样技术的高阶Σ-Δ型A/D转换器能大大降低量化噪声。     

过采样∑-△ADC的原理及单片机实现方法

论述了过采样 Σ- ΔADC的基本原理及结构 ,分析了 Σ- Δ调制器的频域传输特性和系统的信噪比 ,给出了实现不同的 A/D转换精度必须满足的条件和用单片机实现 Σ- ΔADC的具体方法和电路 .实际使用表明 ,该方法测量结果可靠 ,具有实用价值     

一种基于FPGA的BPSK数字调制器的设计

提出了一种基于FPGA芯片及D/A转换器的频率可调、相位可控的BPSK数字调制器的实现方案,同时阐述了电路的设计思路和实现方法.经过软件仿真,输出波形达到了技术要求,控制灵活,性能较好,也证明了基于FPGA的BPSK数字调制器的可靠性和可行性.     

双积分型A/D转换器中的自动校零技术

介绍了双积分型A/D变换器的架构,并着重从理论上分析了该A/D转换器中的自动校零技术。自动校零技术是将运放串联组成闭合回路,使运放失调电压进行叠加,对这个叠加后的电压利用一个校零电容进行存储和抵消。最后,对作为A/D转换器核心电路的运放进行了设计和仿真。     

过采样Σ-ΔADC的原理及单片机实现方法

论述了过采样Σ-ΔADC的基本原理及结构,分析了Σ-Δ调制器的频域传输特性和系统的信噪比,给出了实现不同的A/D转换精度必须满足的条件和用单片机实现Σ-ΔADC的具体方法和电路.实际使用表明,该方法测量结果可靠,具有实用价值.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.