基于图论聚类的随机子空间模态参数自动识别

为提高随机子空间法模态参数识别过程中的自动化程度,减少人为干预,提出了基于图论聚类的桥梁结构模态参数自动识别方法.首先,初步剔除由于数据精度以及噪声等引起的虚假模态;其次,采用图论聚类法,对结构模态结果依次根据基于结构频率和模态保证准则(MAC)指标定义的距离进行聚类,以自动识别出结构的真实模态.随后基于灌河大桥0.5 h的加速度数据,采用所提方法实现了结构模态参数的自动识别,并通过结构的有限元模型对识别结果进行验证.最后,将所提出的方法应用到基于灌河大桥健康监测系统采集的一年加速度数据的模态参数识别过程中,表明了该方法在桥梁结构海量加速度数据的结构模态参数自动识别中是可行的.     

基于小波变换的台风激励下千米级斜拉桥模态参数识别

为了给大跨桥梁结构损伤识别和安全性评价提供现实依据,采用小波变换(WT)方法进行千米级斜拉桥的模态参数识别研究.以"海葵"台风激励下的苏通大桥为研究对象,基于结构健康监测系统(SHMS)采集的数据,采用WT方法共识别出包括频率和阻尼比在内的主梁前4阶竖弯模态参数、前2阶扭转模态参数和第1阶侧弯模态参数,并将结果与相关文献提供的模态参数进行对比;在此基础上研究了海葵台风期间该桥主梁模态参数的全过程变化情况.结果表明:基于WT的模态参数识别方法稳定可靠;随着时间的变化,主梁各阶模态频率均较稳定,而模态阻尼比的波动则较明显.     

模拟环境激励下结构模态参数识别试验研究

为了实现结构基于振动特性的健康监测,进行了在线模态参数识别。综合自然激励技术和特征系统实现算法,进行了模拟环境激励下结构的时域模态参数识别。利用特征灵敏度分析得到质量归一化振型。对一个两层钢支撑框架模型进行了模拟环境激励试验和力锤激励试验;通过改变结构质量和特征灵敏度分析,得到质量归一化振型;同时进行了有限元计算分析。通过试验模态参数识别与有限元计算得到的模态参数的对比,证明了该方法的有效性。     

钢拱桥自振模态多因素敏感性分析

<正>常运营中的桥梁结构,总会受到车辆荷载、环境因素等的影响,导致结构性能发生不同程度的退化.桥梁结构的模态参数是反映结构性能的重要指标,研究影响模态参数的各因素对结构模态的敏感程度,是评估结构性能的重要途径.本研究以一钢拱桥为例,采用有限元软件Ansys建模,对结构进行自振模态分析,并选取影响结构模态的5个材料参数进行分析计算,比较各参数对结构模态频率的敏感性.结果分析表明,5个材料参数对结构模态频率的敏感性各不相同,拱肋弹性模量敏感性最强,对结构高阶、低阶模态都有影响;吊杆弹性模量模态敏感性最弱;材料密度和弹性模量对模态频率的影响正好相反.     

大跨度刚架系杆拱桥自振特性的模态分析

采用大型通用有限元程序ANSYS对一座两跨钢管混凝土刚架系杆拱桥建立了空间有限元计算模型,采用模态分析方法对桥跨结构的自振特性进行了分析,计算了桥梁前10阶的自振频率,得出了该桥成桥状态振动形态的基本特征.通过对主要设计参数的对比分析,得出了矢跨比及拱肋刚度对刚架系杆拱桥自振性能的影响规律,可为该类桥梁的设计、研究、健康监测和维护提供参考.     

钢管混凝土拱桥模型的模态测试方法与应用

以结构模态参数为基础的结构动力分析是桥梁结构动力分析的关键问题之一.首先建立某一钢管混凝土拱桥的有限元模型,并进行动力分析.其次对该模型进行模态试验,采用结合环境激励技术的特征系统实现算法(ERA法)识别该结构的模态参数,即识别得到该结构的前6阶频率和振型.最后通过比较测试结果与有限元计算结果可知,对此类复杂结构作进一步的有限元模型修正是必要的.     

基于子构件曲率模态变化的桥梁损伤识别研究

目的为保障桥梁运营安全,提高健康监测水平,对桥梁进行损伤识别研究;利用曲率模态曲线变化规律,提出一种基于桥梁子构件的识别方法.方法基于桥梁子构件分解技术,以一座梁式组合桥为例,设置不同损伤工况,根据组成桥梁整体各构件的特点将桥梁分解为较简单的构件进行损伤定位与程度识别,以振动分析中曲率模态参数的研究为基础,对桥梁在不同损伤位置、程度下曲率模态曲线的变化规律进行分析.结果结合桥梁损伤前后的曲率模态曲线变化,采用提出的拟合公式方法,不仅可进行损伤定位,对损伤程度进行准确识别,还可有效地提高损伤识别的效果.分析不同单元划分、截面形式等因素对识别效果的影响.结论桥梁子构件的识别方法可对实际桥梁健康进行监测,一定程度上解决了传统的曲率模态方法不能得到准确的损伤程度这一缺陷.     

桥梁结构全息模态参数识别方法试验研究

针对传统桥梁结构健康监测中使用的接触式传感器存在数据离散性大、安装程序繁琐、难以反应桥梁结构整体状况等局限性,本文基于全息视觉传感器智能监测系统,识别结构全息几何形态在相应时空域上的振动信号,较为准确的获取结构全息图像数字化位移坐标信息,同时针对提取的振动位移进行频谱分析,获取桥梁结构的模态参数,实现对桥梁状况的基本识别。本文对一座缩尺模型桥进行试验验证,研究结果表明：全息视觉传感器智能监测系统测试结果与位移传感器测试结果吻合度较高,针对竖向荷载响应的功率谱,两种方法实测结果在低频范围内都能够较好地吻合,振型变化趋势基本一致。基于全息视觉传感器智能监测系统的桥梁形态监测真实、连续、敏感,较为准确地反映了结构在各工况下的位移变化和模态响应,后期将会进一步优化全息视觉传感器监测系统识别灵敏度,实现在各种工况激励下的高阶模态参数和结构损伤识别。     

基于声压测量的结构模态参数识别研究

为克服接触式测量传感器附加质量的影响,本文采用非接触式声压测量获取结构近场的辐射声压信号,提出Hilbert-Huang变换二次滤波时频分析方法对非平稳的近场声压辐射信号进行分析,实现了在强噪声环境中对桥梁结构模态参数的识别。在实验室对一跨径为11.2m的H型简支钢梁开展试验,结果表明：该方法能准确识别钢梁的前3阶固有频率,平均误差在0.5%以内,并成功获取结构的模态振型。该方法为桥梁结构模态参数获取和结构健康监测提供新的手段。     

大跨桥梁结构健康监测系统振动传感器配置仿真

为了提高大跨桥梁结构健康监测系统在线模态参数识别中的模态分辨率,研究了振动传感器配置的非均匀布设方法.以润扬长江大桥悬索桥为例,以结构前16阶竖向振型为基础,运用基于主列筛选的传感器配置算法对该桥主梁竖向振动传感器配置进行了仿真研究.采用模态置信度矩阵非对角元素构造评估指标对4种传感器布设方案进行比较,包括七截面均匀布设方案、基于主列筛选算法获得的七截面非均匀布设方案、基于七截面均匀布设方案改进得到的九截面方案和基于主列筛选算法获得的九截面非均匀布设方案.由仿真结果可知,采用主列筛选获取的传感器非均匀布设方案获得的模态置信度矩阵非对角元较小,模态振型具有更好的模态分辨率.这一结果表明,非均匀布设方法更有利于大跨桥梁监测系统实现在线识别模态参数.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Jane Eyre——A Feminist In The 19th Century

In the 19th century the society was controlled by men, and women were just appendants of them, they had not any rights and freedom. But Jane was an exception, she showed some characteristics of early feminist. Jane showed her characteristics of feminism in three aspects: rebellion, equality, and independence. These characteristics were helpful to her success, and feminism is the only way out for women of that time.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-