中国蜉蝣科（昆虫纲：蜉蝣目）研究

报导中国蜉蝣科共２属３１种，其中伊蜉属（Ｅａｔｏｎｉｇｅｎｉａ）为新记录属；查氏伊蜉（Ｅａｔｏｎｉｇｅｎｉａｃｈａｐｅｒｉ）和萨夏林蜉（Ｅｐｈｅｍｅｒａｓａｃｈａｌｉｎｅｎｓｉｓ）为新记录种；毛阳蜉（Ｅｐｈｅｍｅｒａｍａｏｙａｎｇｅｎｓｉｓｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．）、尖岭蜉（Ｅｐｈｅｍｅｒａｊｉａｎｆｅｎｇｅｎｓｉｓｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．）、万泉蜉（Ｅｐｈｅｍｅｒａｗａｎｑｕａｎｅｎｓｉｓｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．）、海南蜉（Ｅｐｈｅｍｅｒａｈａｉｎａｎｅｎｓｉｓｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．）、洪江蜉（Ｅｐｈｅｍｅｒａｈｏｎｇｊｉａｎｇｅｎｓｉｓｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．）、徐氏蜉（Ｅｐｈｅｍｅｒａｈｓｕｉｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．）、张家界蜉（Ｅｐｈｅｍｅｒａｚｈａｎｇｊｉａｊｉｅｅｎｓｉｓｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．）、湖南蜉（Ｅｐｈｅｍｅｒａｈｕｎａｎｅｎｓｉｓｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．）等８种为新种，并对其形态特征进行详细描述．蜉蝣属种类居世界之首．     

海南岛水云科藻类的新记录

海南岛水云科Ｅｃｔｏｃａｒｐａｃｅａｅ藻类已报道的有７种．本文又发现７种，这７个新记录种为：（１）长囊水云Ｅｃｔｏｃａｒｐｕｓｓｉｌｉｃｕｌｏｓｕｓ（Ｄｉｌｌｗ．）Ｌｙｎｇｂ；（２）矮形费氏藻Ｆｅｌｍａｎｎｉａｅｌａｃｈｉｓｔａｅｆｏｒｍａ（Ｈｅｙｄｒｉｃｈ）ｃｏｍｂ．ｎｏｖ．；（３）印度费氏藻Ｆ．ｉｎｄｉｃａ（Ｓｏｎｄｅｒ）Ｗｏｍｅｒｓｌｅｙ＆Ｂａｉｌ．；（４）混杂费氏藻。Ｆｃｏｍｍｉｘｔａ（Ｎｏｄｓ）ｃｏｍｂ．ｎｏｖ；（５）茗荷儿褐茸藻Ｇｉｆｆｅｒｄｉａｌｅｐａｓｉｃｏｌａ（Ｎｏｄａ）ｃｏｍｂ．ｎｏｖ．；（６）羽状褐茸藻Ｇ．ｐｌｕｍｏｓａ（Ｎｏｄａ）ｃｏｍｂ．ｃｏｍｂ．ｎｏｖ．；（７）圣得褐茸藻Ｇ．ｓａｎｄｒｉａｎａ（Ｚａｎａｒｄ．）Ｈａｍｅｌ．（为新组合，并为我国首次记录）     

枫杨林下八种主要植物对钉螺分布的影响

对枫杨林下的８种主要植物对钉螺分布的影响进行了调查,结果表明,木贼（ＥｑｕｉｓｅｔｕｍｈｉｅｍａｌｅＬ．）益母草（ＬｅｏｎｕｒｕｓｈｅｔｅｒｏｐｈｙｌｌｕｓＳｗｅｅｔ．）豚草（ＡｍｂｒｏｓｉａａｒｔｅｎｉｓｉｉｆｏｌｉａＬ．）香薷（Ｅｌｓｏｔｚｉａｃｉｌｉａｔａ（Ｔｈｕｎｂ）Ｈｙｌａｎｄ．）等植物下钉螺分布较少,水芹（Ｏｅｎａｎｔｈｅｊａｖａｎｉｃａ）,鸡矢藤（Ｐａｅｄｅｒｉａｓｃａｎｄｅｎｓ）和     

中国金羽蛾属二新种(鳞翅目:羽蛾科)

记述了中国金羽蛾属（ＡｇｄｉｓｔｉｓＨｕｂｎｅｒ［１８２５］）二新种：新疆金羽蛾（Ａｇｄｉｓｔｉｓｘｉｎｊｉａｎｇｓｉｓｓｐ．ｎｏｖ）和陕西金羽蛾（Ａｇｄｉｓｔｉｓｓｈａａｎｘｉｅｎｓｉｓｓｐ．ｎｏｖ）．模式标本保存在西北林学院森保系昆虫标本室．     

珠江口亚热带红树真菌的初步探讨

对珠江中的亚热带红树林真菌作初步探讨．结果显示，在香港，澳门与深圳福田保护区的亚热带红树真菌的品种类型及丰富度与热带相似．但占优势的品种则有所不同．在２６０多块的漂浮木上，共发现了７６种真菌，包括４６种子囊菌，２６种半知菌与４种担子菌．其中占优势的有Ｔｒｉｃｈｏｃｌａｄｉｕｍｌｉｎｄｅｒｅｅ（１８％）Ｍａｒｉｎｏｓｐｈａｅｒａｍａｎｇｒｏｖｅｉ（１３％），Ｌｉｇｎｉｎｃｏｌａｌａｅｖｅｓ（１３％）和Ｈｙｐｏｘｙｌｉｎｏｃｅａｎｉｃｕｍ（１１％）；较少的包括Ｐｈｏｍｏｐｓｉｓｓｐ．（５％），Ｐｈｏｍａｓｐ，（６％），Ｈａｌｏｓａｒｐｈｅｉａａｂｏｎｎｅｓ（６％），Ｃｉｒｒｅｎａｌｉａｓｐ．（５％）．Ｓａｖｏｒｙｅｌｌａｌｉｇｎｉｃｏｌａ（５％）等。在被发现的真菌中，有数个是新品种，例如Ｍａｓｓａｒｉｎａａｒｍａｔｉｓｐｏｒａ，Ｄｉａｐｏｒｔｈｅｓａｌｓｕｇｉｎｏｓａ，Ａｎｉｐｔｏｄｅｒａｈａｉｓｐｏｒａ，Ｍｅｌａｓｐｉｌｅａｓｐ．和Ｐｌｅｏｓｐｏｒａｓｐ．等．     

樱属植物分类研究

在鉴定了大量樱属植物标本和查阅大量文献的基础上,作者研究了长期存在争议的Ｃｅｒａｓｕｓｃｌａｒｏｆｏｌｉａ （Ｓｃｈｎｅｉｄ ．） Ｙｕ ｅｔ Ｌｉ、Ｃ． ｒｅｈｄｅｒｉａｎａ（ Ｋｏｅｈｎｅ）Ｘ．Ｒ．Ｗａｎｇ ｅｔ Ｓｈａｎｇ 和Ｃ．ｖａｒｉａｂｉｌｉｓ（Ｋｏｅｈｎｅ） Ｘ．Ｒ．Ｗａｎｇ ｅｔ Ｓｈａｎｇ 的关系问题,明确了各自的分布区;将 Ｃ． ｈｅｎｒｙｉ（Ｓｃｈｎｅｉｄ ．） Ｙｕ ｅｔ Ｌｉ 并入Ｃ．ｐｕｓｉｌｌｉｆｌｏｒａ（Ｃａｒｄ ．） Ｙｕ ｅｔ Ｌｉ, Ｃ．ｐｌｅｉｏｃｅｒａｓｕｓ（Ｋｏｅｈｎｅ） Ｙｕ ｅｔ Ｌｉ并入Ｃ．ｃｏｎａｄｅｎｉａ（Ｋｏｅｈｎｅ） Ｙｕ ｅｔ Ｌｉ,并将Ｃ．ｙｕｎｎａｎｅｎｓｉｓ（Ｆｒａｎｃｈｅｔ．） Ｙｕ ｅｔ Ｌｉ 的多个变种进行了整理归并。     

关于榆叶梅的系统位置

认为榆叶梅不与Ａｍｙｇｄａｌｕｓｕｌｍｉｆｏｌｉａ（Ｆｒａｎｃｈ．）Ｍ．Ｐｏｐｏｖ同种，而与毛樱桃Ｃｅｒａｓｕｓｔｏｍｅｎｔｏｓａ（Ｔｈｕｎｂ．）Ｗａｌｌ．特别相近，且较毛樱桃进化，其系统位置应属于樱属ＣｅｒａｓｕｓＭｉｌｌ．、矮生樱亚属Ｓｕｂｇｅｎ．Ｍｉｃｒｏｃｅｒａｓｕｓ（Ｋｏｅｈｎｅ）ＹｕｅｔＬｉ、管萼组Ｓｅｃｔ．ＡｍｙｇｄａｌｏｃｅｒａｓｕｓＫｏｅｈｎｅ．其学名应为Ｃｅｒａｓｕｓｔｒｉｌｏｂａ（Ｌｉｎｄｌ．）Ｂａｒ．ｅｔＬｉｏｕ．     

长苞铁杉和铁杉属数量分类的研究

运用数量分类的方法对长苞铁杉Ｎｏｔｈｏｔｓｕｇａ ｌｏｎｇｉｂｒａｃｔｅａｔａ（Ｃｈｅｎｇ）Ｈｕ ｅｘ Ｃ．Ｎ．Ｐａｇｅ（Ｔｓｕｇａ ｌｏｎｇｉｂｒａｃｔｅａｔａ Ｃｈｅｎｇ），云南铁彬Ｔｓｕｇａ ｄｕｍｏｓａ（Ｄ．Ｄｏｎ）Ｅｉｃｈｌｅｒ，北美大果铁杉Ｔ．ｍｅｒｔｅｎｓｉａｎ（Ｂｏｎｇ．）Ｃａｒｒ．，油杉Ｋｅｔｅｌｅｅｒｉａ ｆｏｒｔｕｎｅｉ（Ｍｕｒｒ．）Ｃａｒｒ．，黄杉Ｐｓｅｕｄｏｔｓｕｇａ ｓ     

内蒙古合垫盲蝽属Orthotylus Fieber昆虫的初步研究

记录了分布在内蒙古的合垫盲蝽属Ｏｒｔｈｏｔｙｌｕｓ Ｆｉｅｂｅｒ昆虫１２种，隶属６个亚属，其中阿拉善合垫盲蝽Ｏ．（Ｐｉｎｏｃａｐｓｕｓ）ｓｐ１和圆柏合点盲蝽Ｏ．（Ｐ．）ｓｐ２为新种；溪地合垫盲蝽Ｏ．（Ｏ．）ｒｉｐａｒｉｕｓ（Ｋｕｌｉｋ），藜合垫盲蝽Ｏ．（Ｌａｂｏｐｉｄｅａ）ａｌｇｅｎｓ Ｖｉｎｏｋｕｒｏｖ，微小合垫盲蝽Ｏ．（Ｍ．）ｍｉｎｕｔｕｓ Ｊａｋｏｖｌｅｖ３种为中国新记录。对内蒙古合垫盲蝽属     

银杏病害种类的调查研究初报

银杏病害在广西各栽培地区普遍发生，经研究鉴定有８种．它们是日灼，茎腐病［ｍａｃｒｏｐｈｏｍｉａｎｐｈａｓｅｌｉ（Ｍａｕｂｌ）Ａｓｈｂｙ］，根腐病（Ｆｕｓａｒｉｕｍｓｐ．或ＲｈｉｚｏｃｔｏｎｉａｓｏｌａｎｉＫｉｉｈｎ），轮纹病（ＰｅｓｔａｌｏｔｉａｇｉｎｋｇｏＨｏｒｉ），黑斑病（ＡｌｔｅｒｎａｒｉａｔｅｎｕｉｓＮｅｓｓ），叶斑病（ＰｈｙｌｌｏｓｔｉｃｔａｇｉｎｋｇｏＢｒｕｎａｎｄ），炭疽病（Ｃｏｌｌｅｔｏｔｒｉｃｈｕｍｓｐ．），黄化病（病原待定）．这些银杏病害在广西均是首次报道，其中银杏叶斑病菌、银杏轮纹病菌为广西新记录。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.