湿法浸出粘土矿中钒的动力学

为了提高湿法浸出粘土矿中钒的综合浸出效率,并对湿法浸出粘土矿中钒提供理论依据,从动力学角度分析整个浸出过程。考察温度、液固比、硫酸质量分数和搅拌速率对浸出过程的影响。研究结果表明：在80℃、液固比为4：1以及硫酸质量分数为20％时,浸取8h,粘土矿中钒的浸出率可达到92．3％。经正交实验和动力学推导,得到描述浸出过程的经验方程,粘土矿湿法浸出钒的动力学模型为收缩核动力学模型,浸出表观活化能为11．611kJ／mol,该模型表明浸出过程中的控制步骤是决定于固膜扩散速率。提高温度、液固比和硫酸质量分数,均可加速钒的浸出速度,提高钒的浸出率。     

从电解锰渣中提取金属锰

选择A,B,C,D,E等5种不同结构的浸取助剂作为研究对象,研究了固液比、浸取温度、浸取时间、酸矿比、助剂用量等因素对电解锰渣中Mn²⁺浸出率的影响.结果表明：5种助剂中E的浸出效果最好.在固液比1∶3、酸矿比0.3∶1、浸出温度60 ℃、浸出时间90 min条件下,E为助剂（用量为0.6%）时Mn²⁺浸出率最高,达到52.8%.     

添加剂对锰渣中铬离子浸取的影响

以8-羟基喹啉、磺原酸钾、十六烷基三甲基苄基溴化铵、磷酸三丁酯和柠檬酸为浸取添加剂，考察了添加剂用量、浸取时间、浸取温度和酸矿比等对铬离子浸出率的影响.实验结果表明：用0.8%磺原酸钾做添加剂，在固液比为1∶4（g/mL），酸矿比为0.3∶1(mL/g)，浸取温度为60 ℃下浸取90 min，Cr6+离子浸出率为38.11％，是加热浸取法的1.5倍.     

浸取环境对电解锰废渣中锰浸取的影响

在电解锰废渣中掺入锰矿粉,以提高锰废渣品位,探讨锰废渣中锰的硫酸法浸取回收效果.用单因素实验考察了矿渣比、液固比、浸取pH值、浸取温度和浸取时间等因素对锰浸取率的影响.实验结果表明,最佳浸取条件为：矿渣质量比3∶1、液固比3∶1（g/mL）、浸取液pH值2.0、浸取温度60 ℃和浸取时间3 h.最佳浸取条件下,锰浸取率达42.38%,与不加锰矿粉的浸取方法比较,锰浸取率提高了1.01倍.     

酸浸对钙化焙烧提钒工艺钒浸出率的影响

采用稀硫酸浸出法提取钙化焙烧后钒渣中的钒,考察了浸出参数:物料粒度、体系pH值、浸出温度和时间、液固比(L/S)、搅拌速度对钒及杂质元素浸出率的影响.结果表明:物料粒度小于75μm时对提高钒浸出率影响较小;液固比从2∶1增加到7∶1,搅拌速度由100增加到500r/min时,钒浸出率增长幅度均低于3%;钒浸出率在浸出前15min内迅速升高,之后增长变缓;浸出体系pH值对钒及杂质浸出率影响显著,pH值为2~3时钒浸出率达90%,杂质元素Ca,Mn,Mg,Al,Si,P浸出率为10%~30%;在较佳浸出条件下:粒度96～75μm,pH值为25,温度55℃,时间30min,L/S为3,搅拌速度500r/min,钒浸出率超过91%.     

用亚硫酸钠从分银渣中浸出银

采用稀硝酸预处理亚硫酸钠浸出体系浸取分银渣中的银,研究预处理剂硝酸和浸出剂亚硫酸钠的质量浓度、浸出固液比、温度、时间以及体系pH值对银浸出率的影响。实验结果表明:在稀硝酸质量分数为2%,亚硫酸钠质量浓度为200 g/L,pH值控制在8,固液比为1:8,反应时间为2 h,温度为30℃的条件下,银的浸出率可达95%以上。该工艺具有操作简便、能耗低及环境友好等优点,对节能环保处理分银渣具有重要意义。     

从高铅碲渣中浸出碲的热力学分析及实验

通过对Te（Ⅳ）-Pb（Ⅱ）-Sn（Ⅱ）-Cu（Ⅱ）-As（Ⅲ）-H2O系热力学分析和计算，得到溶液中Te（Ⅳ），Pb（Ⅱ），Sn（Ⅱ），Cu（Ⅱ）和As（Ⅲ）浓度与溶液pH值的关系。热力学分析结果表明：可以采用酸浸方法从高铅碲渣中提取碲。并通过硫酸浸出高铅碲渣中碲的条件实验验证了热力学分析的结果。采用硫酸浸取高铅碲渣可以获得铅含量低于0.06％的粗TeO2，硫酸浸含铅高的碲渣较氢氧化钠浸出具有明显的优势。实验所得较为适宜的硫酸浸出条件是：硫酸浓度为3mol／L，液固比为6：1，原料粒度为0.125～0.074mm，浸出时间为180min，酸浸温度为80℃，搅拌浆转速为300r／min，在此条件下碲的浸出率可达86％。     

垃圾焚烧发电厂飞灰浸出毒性的研究

探讨了液固比、初始pH值及浸出时间对飞灰中重金属Pb、Cr、Cd、Ni、Cu、Mn、Hg、As的浸出影响.结果表明:各重金属的浸出量都随着液固比增加而增加,其中Ni、Cu、Mn、Cd的浸出量在液固比大于25后变化较平缓,As在液固比大于60后浸出量有所降低;重金属在浸取液的pH≤1.95时的浸出浓度远远大于其在浸取液的pH≥6.13时的浸出浓度;随着浸出时间的增加,Hg的浸出浓度先下降后上升,Cr的是先上升,30h后变化不大;Cd、Cu、Pb、Ni、Mn浸出时间在2h-6h后浸出浓度迅速减小,As则快速增加,而后都变化不大;在液固比、初始pH值及浸出时间三个影响因素中,pH值对重金属的浸出影响较大,重金属在酸性环境下较易浸出,但Pb在碱性情况下也易于浸出.     

从生产废渣中回收钼的工艺研究

本文研究了碳酸钠和碳酸氢钠的用量比，浸取时间，温度，液固比等因素对从废渣中回收钼的影响，通过正交试验确定了用碳酸钠和碳酸氢钠混合碱浸的工艺条件，浸取率可达89％。     

用硫铁矿烧渣制备PFC絮凝剂

用正交实验的方法研究了用盐酸浸取硫铁矿烧渣制取三氯化铁溶液的工艺条件。浸取时间为1.2h,回流加热温度为110℃,质量分数31%的盐酸与烧渣的液固比为3.0mL/g,浸取率达96.84%,向溶液中加入少量表面活性剂PVA作稳定剂,在50℃下用氢氧化钠溶液调节羟铁尔比n（OH）/n（Fe）至0.2,可得深褐色聚合氯化铁（PFC）液体产品,产品铁质量分数11.7%,密度1.26g/cm^3,碱化度为11.6%,质量分数1%水溶液的pH值1.7,研究结果表明,PFC处理焦化废水的条件为,pH值在6～9范围内,每50mL水样中加入PFC0.3mL时除浊效果最佳,PFC性能优于PC和PFS。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.